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- Yin, Zhaoxue, et al.
(författare)
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Interactive effects of diabetes and impaired kidney function on cognitive performance in old age : a population-based study
- 2016
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Ingår i: BMC Geriatrics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2318 .- 1471-2318. ; 16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The interactive effect between diabetes and impaired kidney function on cognitive impairment in older adults has not yet been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of diabetes and impaired kidney function with cognitive impairment among Chinese older people living in a rural area. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1,358 participants (age >= 60 years; 60.5 % women) in the population-based Confucius Hometown Aging Project in Shandong, China. Data on demographics, lifestyle factors, health history, use of medications, global cognitive function, and kidney function were collected through structured interviews, clinical examinations, and blood tests. We defined diabetes as a fasting plasma glucose level >= 7.0 mmol/l or use of hypoglycemic agents, impaired kidney function as glomerular filtration rate estimated from cystatin C (eGFR(cys)) <60 ml/min/1.73 m(2). Cognitive impairment was defined using the education-based cut-off scores of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Data were analyzed using multiple general linear and logistic regression models. Results: Cognitive impairment was defined in 197 (14.5 %) persons. The multi-adjusted beta coefficient of MMSE score associated with diabetes was -0.06 (95 % confidence interval [CI], -0.16, 0.03); the corresponding figures associated with eGFR(cys) <60, 60-89.9, and >= 90 ml/min/1.73 m(2) were -0.15 (-0.28, -0.02), -0.01 (-0.10, 0.08), and 0 (reference) (P-trend = 0.046), respectively. Diabetes and impaired kidney function showed an interactive effect on cognitive impairment (P-interaction = 0.02). Compared with individuals having neither diabetes nor impaired kidney function, those with both conditions had a multi-adjusted odds ratio of 4.23 (95 % CI, 2.10-8.49) for cognitive impairment. The relative excess risk due to interaction was 2.74. Conclusions: This study suggests that concurrent presence of diabetes and impaired kidney function is associated with a substantial likelihood for cognitive impairment in older adults.
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| 3. |
- Zhang, Wei, et al.
(författare)
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The fuel cells studies from ionic electrolyte Ce0.8Sm0.05Ca0.15O2-delta to the mixture layers with semiconductor Ni0.8Co0.15Al0.05LiO2-delta
- 2016
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Ingår i: International journal of hydrogen energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0360-3199 .- 1879-3487. ; 41:41, s. 18761-18768
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mixture of ionic electrolyte Ce0.8Sm0.05Ca0.15O2-delta (SCDC) and semiconductor Ni0.8Co0.15Al0.05LiO2-delta (NCAL) layers was used for low temperature solid oxide fuel cell (LT-SOFC) applications. Using the as-prepared SCDC-NCAL semiconductor-ionic layer to replace the ionic SCDC electrolyte, following results have been obtained: the SCDC electrolyte fuel cell reached a lower voltage, 1.05 V, and lower power output, 415 mW cm(-2), compared to that using the semiconductor-ionic layer, 1.06 V and 617 mW cm(-2) at 550 degrees C. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was applied to investigate the electrochemical processes of the device; X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) for the microstructure and morphology of the as-prepared materials. The results have illuminated that the introduction of semiconductor into ionic electrolyte could make extended triple phase boundary (TPB) area, which can provide more active sites to accelerate the fuel cell reactions and enhance the cell performance. Furthermore, we also discovered that the ionic SCDC and electronic NCAL should be in an appropriate composition to achieve a balanced ionic and electronic conductivity, which is the key issue for high performance semiconductor-ionic fuel cells.
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