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- Hallingström, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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The association between selected mid-trimester amniotic fluid candidate proteins and spontaneous preterm delivery
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1476-7058 .- 1476-4954. ; 33:4, s. 583-592
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this study was to explore inflammatory response and identify early potential biomarkers in mid-trimester amniotic fluid associated with subsequent spontaneous preterm delivery (PTD). Methods: A cohort study was performed at Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra, Gothenburg, Sweden, between 2008 and 2010. Amniotic fluid was collected from consecutive women undergoing mid-trimester transabdominal genetic amniocentesis at 14–19 gestational weeks. Clinical data and delivery outcome variables were obtained from medical records. The analysis included 19 women with spontaneous PTD and 118 women who delivered at term. A panel of 26 candidate proteins was analyzed using Luminex xMAP technology. Candidate protein concentrations were analyzed with ANCOVA and adjusted for plate effects. Results: The median gestational age at delivery was 35 + 3 weeks in women with spontaneous PTD and 40 + 0 weeks in women who delivered at term. Nominally significantly lower amniotic fluid levels of adiponectin (PTD: median 130,695 pg/mL (IQR 71,852–199,414) vs term: median 185,329 pg/mL (IQR (135,815–290,532)), granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (PTD: median 137 pg/mL (IQR 74–156) vs term: median 176 pg/mL (IQR 111–262)), and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (PTD: median 3025 pg/mL (IQR 1885–3891) vs term: median 3400 pg/mL (IQR 2181–5231)) were observed in the spontaneous PTD group, compared with the term delivery group, after adjusting for plate effects. No significant differences remained after Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. Conclusions: Our results are important in the process of determining the etiology behind spontaneous PTD but due to the non-significance after Bonferroni correction, the results should be interpreted with caution. Further analyses of larger sample size will be required to determine whether these results are cogent and to examine whether microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity or intra-amniotic inflammation occurs in asymptomatic women in the mid-trimester with subsequent spontaneous PTD.
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- Lindberg, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Nursing student's expectations for their future profession and motivating factors - a longitudinal descriptive study from Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nurse Education Today. - : Elsevier. - 0260-6917 .- 1532-2793. ; 84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThe shortage of registered nurses is a global concern. Motives to become registered nurses can be to help others, altruism, personal development and career security. Motives in combination with student expectations regarding the role are not explored.ObjectiveTo describe students' motives to become registered nurses and their expectations regarding their future profession.DesignA longitudinal descriptive design with a qualitative approach was used to follow nursing students in the beginning, during and at the end of their education.Participants and settingA purposive sampling of a group with initially 75 students starting a three-year nursing program at a university in Sweden.MethodsA study specific questionnaire with open-ended questions was used in the beginning, during and the end of the students' education. At data collection two and three, a copy of the earlier answers was attached. Data were analysed using manifest and latent content analysis.ResultsAn important profession with career opportunities, interesting duties and team work were described. Students expected diversified duties, possibilities for development and work satisfaction. Increased concerns regarding their upcoming work life was described at the end of the education.ConclusionThe students had a positive understanding of the profession and perceived their forthcoming role as interesting. The leading role of coordinating patient care was more comprehensive than expected. Supportive conditions and well planned transition periods could strengthen newly graduated nurses in their professional role and could be an important aspect in the future retention of RNs.
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- Ax, Anna-Karin, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Exercise : A positive feature on functioning in daily life during cancer treatment — Experiences from the Phys-Can study
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Journal of Oncology Nursing. - : Elsevier. - 1462-3889 .- 1532-2122. ; 44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Impaired functioning due to cancer treatment is a challenge for daily life. Exercise during treatment can improve functioning. However, research describing experiences of how exercise affects activities of daily life is limited. We aimed to explore how individuals with cancer receiving curative treatment and participating in an exercise intervention experienced their functioning in daily life.METHODS: Twenty-one participants were recruited from Phys-Can, an exercise intervention study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted after the intervention had finished, and data was analysed using thematic analysis.RESULTS: Two main themes evolved: "Striving to maintain a normal life in a new context" and "Struggling with impairments from side effects of cancer treatment". The supervised group exercise proved popular, and participants reported positive effects on physical and psychological functioning, as well as social and informative support from other participants. Participants struggled with impaired cognitive and physical functioning and exhaustion. They strove to maintain a normal life by adjusting their activities.CONCLUSIONS: Perceived physical and psychological benefits from exercise during cancer treatment suggest that exercise should be a part of cancer rehabilitation to facilitate activities and participation in daily life. Striving to maintain a normal life during cancer treatment is vital, and adjustments are needed to maintain activities and participation in daily life. Cancer nurses should motivate patients to engage in physical activity and encourage the introduction of exercise as part of their rehabilitation. They could also support patients in making adjustments to maintain functioning in daily life.
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- Ballante, Flavio, et al.
(författare)
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Docking Finds GPCR Ligands in Dark Chemical Matter
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0022-2623 .- 1520-4804. ; 63:2, s. 613-620
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-throughput screening has revealed dark chemical matter, a set of drug-like compounds that has never shown bioactivity despite being extensively assayed. If dark molecules are found active at a therapeutic target, their extraordinary selectivity profiles make excellent starting points for drug development. We explored if ligands of therapeutically relevant G-protein-coupled receptors could be discovered by structure-based virtual screening of the dark chemical matter. Molecular docking screens against crystal structures of the A(2A) adenosine and the D-4 dopamine receptors were carried out, and 53 top-ranked molecules were evaluated experimentally. Two ligands of each receptor were discovered, and the most potent had sub-micromolar affinities. Analysis of bioactivity data showed that the ligands lacked activity at hundreds of off-targets, including several that are associated with adverse effects. Our results demonstrate that virtual screening provides an efficient means to mine the dark chemical space, which could contribute to development of drugs with improved safety profiles.
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- Carlsson, Thomas, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Student Characteristics Associated with Passing the Exam in Undergraduate Pharmacology Courses—a Cross-sectional Study in Six University Degree Programs
- 2020
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Ingår i: Medical Science Educator. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2156-8650. ; 30:3, s. 1137-1144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adequate knowledge in pharmacology is crucial in many professions but a non-negligible proportion of students fail the exams and knowledge of underlying factors is largely lacking. This study was performed to evaluate to what extent various factors are related to student performance in pharmacology-related courses in higher education, linking administrative data to attendance at non-mandatory teaching sessions and questionnaire replies. A total of 596 students (median age: 22years; 70% female) were included from eight courses which are part of either the medical, pharmacy, dentistry, nursing, or biomedical analyst degree programs at the Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden. In all, 380 (64%) students passed the regular program- and course-specific exam. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that a high participation rate in non-mandatory teaching sessions, as well as a perceived great interest in pharmacology, was associated with students’ passing of the exam; adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 1.30 (1.19 to 1.42; per 10 percentage unit increase in attendance) and 3.38 (1.86 to 6.12), respectively. Working for wages during the course weeks and pre-university grades used in the program application were significant factors in subgroups of students, negatively and positively associated with the exam results, respectively. Age, having Swedish as a second language, and time spent studying were only associated with the exam result in the univariate analyses. To conclude, both students and teachers can contribute significantly to successful education within pharmacology, students by participating in the teaching sessions and teachers by encouraging students to find the subject interesting. © 2020, The Author(s).
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- Dimitrova Mårtensson, Linda-Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Markens minsta invånare i produktionsgräsmarker
- 2020
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Ingår i: LTV-fakultetens faktablad.
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- För att uppnå ett mera hållbart jordbruk, är det viktigt att vi förlitar oss mer på ekosystemens egna funktioner, istället för externa och syntetiska resurser. Marken blir alltmer erkänd som en viktig resurs som behöver förvaltas på ett bra sätt. I nuläget saknas det tillräckligt med kunskaps- och erfarenhetsunderlag, samt möjligheter för lokal anpassning, för att vi ska kunna ge goda och säkra råd om förvaltningen av markens minsta innevånare och deras funktioner. Därför bedriver vi forskning om hur markens bördighet och mikroorganismer påverkas av hur vi brukar jorden och hur vi kan använda denna kunskap för att förbättra våra produktionssystem med avseende på markens förmåga att förse oss med ekosystemtjänster. Här presenterar vi resultat från en Europeisk studie över mikroorganismer i gräsmarker med olika skötselintensitet.
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