| 1. |
- Borg, A, et al.
(författare)
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HER-2/neu amplification predicts poor survival in node-positive breast cancer
- 1990
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Ingår i: Cancer Research. - 0008-5472. ; 50:14, s. 7-4332
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- HER-2/neu protooncogene amplification and protein expression were analyzed with slot blot and Western blot techniques, respectively, in more than 300 invasive primary breast tumors of all stages. Amplification (2- greater than 30 copies) was found in 17% of these tumors and high expression was seen in 19%. There was a striking coincidence between gene amplification and high expression. Tumors associated with many involved axillary lymph nodes or with Stage IV disease were more often HER-2/neu amplified or overexpressed. Furthermore, gene alteration was strongly correlated with the absence of steroid receptors and with larger tumor size. High expression without gene amplification was seen in a minor subset of tumors of less aggressive character. Neither amplification nor overexpression was correlated with disease outcome for patients with negative axillary lymph nodes. For node-positive patients, however, HER-2/neu amplification was a significant predictor of early relapse and death (median follow-up = 45 months), and a similar trend, although not significant, existed for high gene expression. Multivariate analyses indicated that HER-2/neu alterations were not independent predictors of patient outcome.
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| 2. |
- Borg, A., et al.
(författare)
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Association of int2/hst1 coamplification in primary breast cancer with hormone-dependent phenotype and poor prognosis
- 1991
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Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0007-0920 .- 1532-1827. ; 63:1, s. 136-142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The human proto-oncogene INT2 (homologous to the mouse INT2 gene, implicated in proviral induced mammary carcinoma) has been mapped to chromosome llql3 and found to share band localisation with, among others, the HST1 proto-oncogene. Both genes are members of the fibroblast growth factor family. In the present study, coamplification (2-15 copies) of the INT2/HST1 genes was found in 27 (9%) of 311 invasive human breast carcinomas using slot blot and Southern blot analyses. Amplification was not correlated to tumour size, axillary lymph node status or stage of disease, neither to patient age nor menopausal status. However, 26 (96%) of the 27 amplified tumours were, often strongly, Oestrogen receptor positive compared to 65% of the unamplified cases (P = 0. 001). These findings are in sharp contrast to the strong correlations of HER-2/neu proto-oncogene amplification with advanced stage and steroid receptor negativity, previously observed in the same series of tumours. Patients with INT2/HSTI amplified breast cancer had a significantly shorter disease-free survival compared to those with unamplified genes (P = 0. 015, median follow up 45 months). This correlation was confined to node-negative patients and persisted in multivariate analysis. No significant correlation to survival from breast cancer was found. It is concluded that amplification of the 1 lql3 region in breast cancer occurs in a particular subset of aggressive tumours, quite different from that identified by HER-2/neu amplification. It still remains to be shown that the selection for amplified genes at llql3 is due to the activity of INT2, HSTl or yet another, still unidentified, neighbouring gene. However, the results are potentially of clinical value in separating a group of node-negative breast cancer for more intense treatment.
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| 3. |
- Sandlund, L, et al.
(författare)
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Magnetostriction, elastic moduli, and coupling factors of composite Terfenol-D
- 1994
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Ingår i: Applied Physics Reviews. - : AIP Publishing. - 1931-9401. ; 75:10, s. 5656-5658
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently it was discovered that composites of Terfenol-D alloys with an insulating binder produce very large magnetostrictions. Resistivities of these composites reach high values, making them attractive for high-frequency applications which require small eddy current losses. In this paper the magnetostriction, magnetization, and Young's moduli measurements made under constant magnetic field conditions and under constant flux conditions are reported. From these measurements, magnetomechanical coupling factors are calculated. The properties are compared to those of ordinary metallic Terfenol-D and nickel. Two different types of composites were investigated. In the first type the composite has an isotropic structure and in the second type, anisotropic. It is shown that the anisotropic type is more desirable since it possesses both higher magnetostriction and higher coupling factors. It is also clearly shown that the magnetization process for the anisotropic type can be explained by a 180° domain wall motion followed by a magnetization rotation.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Stendahl, Olle, et al.
(författare)
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Redistribution of intracellular Ca2+ stores during phagocytosis in human neutrophils
- 1994
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 265:5177, s. 1439-1441
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Subcellular gradients of cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration, [Ca2+]i, are thought to be critical for the localization of functional responses within a cell. A potential but previously unexplored mechanism for the generation of gradients of [Ca2+]i is the accumulation of Ca2+ stores at the site of Ca2+ action. The distribution of the Ca2+ store markers Ca(2+)-dependent adenosine triphosphatase and calreticulin was investigated in resting and phagocytosing human neutrophils. Both proteins showed an evenly distributed fine granular pattern in nonphagocytosing cells, but became markedly concentrated in the filamentous actin-rich cytoplasmic area around the ingested particle during phagocytosis. This redistribution began at early stages of phagocytosis and did not depend on an increase in [Ca2+]i. Thus, accumulation of Ca2+ stores in a restricted area of the cell may contribute to the generation of localized increases in [Ca2+]i.
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