| 1. |
- Biegańska, Jadwiga, et al.
(författare)
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Młodzież z osiedli popegeerowskich a kształtowanie społecznych zasobów lokalnych : Youths in post-PGR estates and the creation of local human resources
- 2016
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Ingår i: 32nd Seminar on Rural Geography "The role of local rural resources", organized by the Polish Geographical Association (Commission for Rural Areas) and the Polish Academy of Sciences (Stanisław Leszczycki Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization), 6-7 June 2016, Jachranka/Warsaw, Poland.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper aims to reflect upon the future direction of development in post-PGR (State Agricultural Farms) estates in Poland. Using the estate Chotel (gmina Izbica Kujawska, Kujawsko-Pomorskie voivodship) as a case study, we analyze the current human resources as represented by the local youth. Our point of departure is the assumption that youths, as a social category, will in the nearest future influence the structure of human resources, which in turn will determine both the pace and the direction of change in rural areas. Given that post-PGR estates are considered some of the most problematic settlement forms with respect to rural planning, and given that their adult residents are known to exhibit loose social bonds, intensified enmity and lack of initiative for co-operation, a number of important questions arises. Firstly, what are the specific human resources of youths in post-PGR estates? Secondly, how do these resources differ from those of their parents? Thirdly, do these resources give hope for future melioration of socio-economic problems inherent of post-PGR estates? The conducted analysis is prognosticating – a quality, which otherwise is extremely difficult to obtain in the context of the studied estates.
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| 2. |
- Biegańska, Jadwiga, et al.
(författare)
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Młodzież z osiedli popegeerowskich a kształtowanie społecznych zasobów lokalnych : Youth of former State Agricultural Farm estates as local human resources
- 2016
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Ingår i: Studia Obszarów Wiejskich (Rural Studies). - : Polish Academy of Sciences. - 1642-4689. ; 44, s. 75-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to reflect upon the future direction of development in former PGR (State Agricultural Farms) estates in Poland. Using the post-PGR estate of Chotel (central Poland) as a case study, the authors analyzed and evaluated the potential of the local youth as human resources for future development. It was assumed that the youth, as a social category, will in the nearest future influence the structure of human resources, which in turn will determine both the pace and the direction of change in rural areas. Given that post-PGR estates are considered some of the most problematic settlement forms with respect to rural planning, and given that their adult residents are known to exhibit loose social bonds, intensified enmity and lack of initiative for co-operation, a number of important questions arise. Firstly, what are the specific human resources of the youth in post-PGR estates? Secondly, how do these resources differ from those of their parents? Thirdly, do these resources give hope for future melioration of socio-economic problems inherent of post-PGR estates? The conducted analysis is prognosticating – a quality, which otherwise is extremely difficult to obtain in the context of the studied estates. The paper concludes that with regard to developmental threats in post-PGR estates the attitudes of the youth and the adults are similar. However, considering developmental opportunities the differences are more pronounced, in favor of the youth.
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| 3. |
- Biegańska, Jadwiga, et al.
(författare)
-
Youth of former State Agricultural Farm estates as local human resources : Młodzież z osiedli popegeerowskich a kształtowanie społecznych zasobów lokalnych
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Studia Obszarów Wiejskich – Rural Studies. - 1642-4689. ; 44
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to reflect upon the future direction of development in former PGR (State Agricultural Farms) estates in Poland. Using the post-PGR estate of Chotel (central Poland) as a case study, the authors analyzed and evaluated the potential of the local youth as human resources for future development. It was assumed that the youth, as a social category, will in the nearest future influence the structure of human resources, which in turn will determine both the pace and the direction of change in rural areas. Given that post-PGR estates are considered some of the most problematic settlement forms with respect to rural planning, and given that their adult residents are known to exhibit loose social bonds, intensified enmity and lack of initiative for co-operation, a number of important questions arise. Firstly, what are the specific human resources of the youth in post-PGR estates? Secondly, how do these resources differ from those of their parents? Thirdly, do these resources give hope for future melioration of socio-economic problems inherent of post-PGR estates? The conducted analysis is prognosticating – a quality, which otherwise is extremely difficult to obtain in the context of the studied estates. The paper concludes that with regard to developmental threats in post-PGR estates the attitudes of the youth and the adults are similar. However, considering developmental opportunities the differences are more pronounced, in favor of the youth.
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| 4. |
- Brauer, Rene, et al.
(författare)
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Extra-scientific factors and the dissemination of (un)popular ideas
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2nd International Scientific Conference "Geobalcanica", 10-12 June, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the dissemination of scientific concepts and ideas through a focus on extra-scientific factors. While scientific progress is usually evaluated in terms of intellectual achievement of the individual researcher, we tend to forget about the external factors that tacitly yet critically contribute to knowledge production. While these externalities are well-documented in the natural sciences, social sciences have not yet seen comparable scrutiny. Using Torsten Hägerstrand’s rise to prominence as a concrete example, we explore this perspective in a social-science case – human geography. Applying an STS (Science and Technology Studies) approach, we depart from a model of science as socially-materially contingent, with special focus being put on three extra-scientific factors: community norms, materiality and the political climate. Echoing Annemarie Mol, we conclude it is these types of conditions that in practice escape the relativism of representation.
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| 5. |
- Brauer, Rene, et al.
(författare)
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How to write a REF impact case study? Critical discourse analysis of evidencing practices
- 2016
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Ingår i: “Making an impact: Creative constructive conversations” International Conference, 19-22 July 2016, School of Hospitality and Tourism Management, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper applies critical discourse analysis to scrutinize submissions to the “REF [Research Excellence Framework] 2014 Impact Case Study” platform. More specifically, it focuses on the rhetorical practices used within these submissions to evidence research impact as outlined by the Higher Education Institutions (HEI) within tourism studies. The evidencing practices used within the submissions to Panel 26 (Sport Science, Leisure and Tourism) included quantitative sources and measures (e.g. Google Scholar, citation counts, journal ranking scores, monetary value of research grants, value of policy investment, industry revenue figures, etc.) and implicated ‘high status’-end users (e.g. government bodies, the UN, industry, NGOs) as their main type of evidence. The evidencing of impact did not differ depending on whether the research was of quantitative or qualitative character, neither on the type of research impact claimed. Instead, the disciplining of the epistemic evidencing practices was enforced by the outlined guidelines for submission (verifiable evidence, word count, type of impact). Leaning on Collins and Evans’ (2007) notion of ‘expertise’ used to conceptualize evidencing practices, this paper discusses the implication of such evidencing for an evaluation practice that sets out to assess the quality of research impact. The rhetoric such evidencing evokes, however, is not necessary indicative of the impact claimed. Furthermore, the evidencing practices used within the REF marginalize so-called negative impacts (failures), despite their specific value for research and, consequently, for societal progress at large.
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| 6. |
- Brauer, Rene, et al.
(författare)
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Rethinking participation: Ruralities, urbanities and the sociomaterialities of transposition
- 2016
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Ingår i: Annual International Conference of the Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers): "Nexus thinking", 30 August–2 September 2016, London, United Kingdom.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Departing from the idea that cultural mechanisms are capable of allowing for conceptual dichotomies to create injustice, participation comes across as a valuable asset to obtain a more just society. Participation brings forth first-hand stories of people’s everyday lives that can assist us more than any other form of representation in understanding spatialities from within, including their changeability over time and role as exclusionary devices. Of these conceptual dichotomies ‘rural-urban’ is the oldest but also the most pervasive one. While local participation is considered a key tenet of so-called rural and urban development projects, the latter face difficulties relating to people’s needs and ultimately fail to engage them. In efforts to increase participation, one (if not the main) aspect is often overlooked – namely the question of who has the right to define ‘rurality/urbanity’ in the first place. For instance, if policymakers or geographers look for ‘everyday problems’ in ‘rural areas’, they will find ‘rural problems’ (cf. Law, 2004). This, in turn, impacts the value of participation, because whenever there is a crevice between identity and problem formulation, it gives rise to exclusion from setting the agenda. Using a novel STS-approach, in this paper we outline some principal socio-material and cognitive drivers that not only construct, but also dictate ‘ruralities/urbanities’, which then are transposed onto the ‘world out there’ to be lived, performed and embodied. To avert such paradoxes of ‘projected participation’ our aim is to problematize this tacit top-down approach as counterproductive in the process of letting people define their problems.
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| 7. |
- Brauer, Rene, et al.
(författare)
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The value of the negative
- 2016
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Ingår i: 4S (Society for Social Studies of Science) / EASST (European Association for the Study of Science and Technology) Conference: “Science and Technology by Other Means”, 31 August–3 September 2016, Barcelona, Spain.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Assessing the value of research results is long-known to be a difficult task. The problem lies in distinguishing between positive and negative results, because this demarcation always depends upon the underlying value system. Regardless of this philosophical difficulty, research assessments largely focus on positive results (i.e. positive impacts of research). For example, UK's 2014 Research Excellence Framework (REF) reported that an "impressive [array of] impacts were found from research in all subjects" (REF 2015); accordingly, no negative impacts were reported. This effectively marginalises negative results in favour of positive results, inadvertently deeming them 'valueless'. As a marketing strategy for research, it is indeed a powerful approach. However, as an objective scientific standard to justify what research gets funded (or not), due to this one-sided focus, it is less useful. However, negative results can be cognitively and sociologically extremely beneficial (cf. Pinker 2002, Taleb 2014). The paper explores the construction of REF's impact assessment in the case of tourism studies. We show that the impact criteria not only shift the emphasis on positive results, but also emphasize economic gains and short-term impacts. By unpacking the underlying values implicit within the REF, we propose a new socio-material approach that does not marginalise the value of negative results. By using Collins and Evans' (2007) notion of 'interactional expertise', we argue that the underlying value problem can be addressed sociologically.
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| 8. |
- Brauer, Rene, et al.
(författare)
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Trust vs. indirect harm of research: Introducing the defiltration maxim
- 2016
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Ingår i: RSA (Regional Studies Association) Conference: “Towards Impact and Contributions to Knowledge”, 27-28 October 2016, Newcastle, UK.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- “Trust is central to our social world (…) and to the knowledge claims we make as academics” (Withers, 2016). In the context of human geography and other regional studies, however, trust has not been subject to detailed review, including inquiries into under what conditions trust in the testimony of geography can be warranted, and possibly lost. While research ethics committees represent a formal accountability system set out to ensure that geographers follow ethical guidelines in order not to cause harm, for research-induced harm to be identified there must be a direct connection between research and victim. This raises the question of what to do when there are premises suggesting that research may cause harm indirectly. How can we as researchers deal with this dilemma until the link between research and harm has become formalized through an accountability system? In this paper, we address this problem through the example of collective research practices of human geographers, whose central analytical categories of ‘rural’ and ‘urban’ are amenable to harmdoing when emulated by policymakers in subsequent so-called “rural” and “urban” development programs. Realizing that raising awareness about the potential harms of research is a time-consuming process, there is a need for provisional solutions in the meantime. In this sense, informal accountability procedures play an invaluable role as they offer guidance to individual researchers how to scrutinize their own positionalities. In this presentation, we propose a new informal accountability procedure that can help the individual researcher evaluate the analytical value of some potentially harmful concepts in order to minimize their impact. Given that human geography has been defined less by its canonical works but rather by its canonical concepts (Johnston & Sidaway, 2014), we must ensure that the canonical concepts we rely on are of such quality as to ascertain solid geographical inquiry. This is particularly important in times of greater academic transparency, when uncritical use of canonical concepts is likely to undermine trust in human geography.
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| 9. |
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Bulletin of Geography. Socio-Economic Series (Volume 33)
- 2016
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Ingår i: Bulletin of Geography. Socio-Economic Series (De Gruyter). - 1732-4254 .- 1732-4254. ; 33:33
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The editorial task included procurement, administration and processing of 10 articles from 19 authors as follows: (1) Therese Brolin - Conceptualizations of "results" in Swedish policy for development cooperation from the 1960s to the 2000s; (2) Waldemar Cudny, Marcel Horňák - The tourist function in a car factory Audi Forum Ingolstadt example; (3) Sanette L.A. Ferreira, Gesina W. Van Zyl - Catering for large numbers of tourists: the McDonaldization of casual dining in Kruger National Park; (4) Zbigniew Głąbiński - Analysing the tourism activity of seniors by applying the method of participant observation; (5) Kristina N. Lindström, Mia Larson - Community-based tourism in practice: evidence from three coastal communities in Bohuslän, Sweden; (6) Jana Masárová, Eva Ivanová - Road infrastructure in the regions of the Slovak Republic and Poland; (7) Muhammad Miandad, Syed Nawaz-ul-Huda, Farkhunda Burke, Muhammad Azam, Imran Khan - Escalation of tuberculosis notification: an analysis of associated social factors; (8) Iwona Pomianek, Mariola Chrzanowska - A spatial comparison of semi-urban and rural gminas in Poland in terms of their level of socio-economic development using Hellwig's method; (9) Marie Stenseke - The Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services and the challenge of integrating social sciences and humanities; (10) Agnieszka Szczepańska - Urbanization processes related to the development of residential functions in gminas adjacent to the city of Olsztyn.
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| 10. |
- Dymitrow, Mirek, et al.
(författare)
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Conflating land with people a.k.a. the iatrogenesis of rural-urban ideations
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2nd International Scientific Conference "Geobalcanica", 10-12 June, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we address the concepts of ‘urbanity’ and ‘rurality’ as potentially counterproductive ideas in policy and planning when deployed in areas of severe social deprivation. Using a local example we address this issue in the context of a recently finalized development project, whose focus shifted from ‘urban’ to ‘rural’. We argue that these concepts are not neutral spatial designators but problematic filters added to an already problematic concept of “social sustainability”. Here we draw on the principle of iatrogenesis, which denotes any benevolent action that inadvertently produces negative outcomes. We argue that since many areas lack the presumed conceptual foundation for a specific brand of action, development programs labeled as ‘rural’ or ‘urban’ are not only likely to fail, but also to potentially cause harm. We conclude that more context-sensitive understanding of the human condition beyond inflexible labeling could help arrive at more accurate interventions.
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