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- Bergström, Anna, 1983-, et al.
(author)
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The use of the PARIHS framework in implementation research and practice-a citation analysis of the literature
- 2020
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In: Implementation science : IS. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1748-5908. ; 15:1
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARIHS) framework was developed two decades ago and conceptualizes successful implementation (SI) as a function (f) of the evidence (E) nature and type, context (C) quality, and the facilitation (F), [SI = f (E,C,F)]. Despite a growing number of citations of theoretical frameworks including PARIHS, details of how theoretical frameworks are used remains largely unknown. This review aimed to enhance the understanding of the breadth and depth of the use of the PARIHS framework. METHODS: This citation analysis commenced from four core articles representing the key stages of the framework's development. The citation search was performed in Web of Science and Scopus. After exclusion, we undertook an initial assessment aimed to identify articles using PARIHS and not only referencing any of the core articles. To assess this, all articles were read in full. Further data extraction included capturing information about where (country/countries and setting/s) PARIHS had been used, as well as categorizing how the framework was applied. Also, strengths and weaknesses, as well as efforts to validate the framework, were explored in detail. RESULTS: The citation search yielded 1613 articles. After applying exclusion criteria, 1475 articles were read in full, and the initial assessment yielded a total of 367 articles reported to have used the PARIHS framework. These articles were included for data extraction. The framework had been used in a variety of settings and in both high-, middle-, and low-income countries. With regard to types of use, 32% used PARIHS in planning and delivering an intervention, 50% in data analysis, 55% in the evaluation of study findings, and/or 37% in any other way. Further analysis showed that its actual application was frequently partial and generally not well elaborated. CONCLUSIONS: In line with previous citation analysis of the use of theoretical frameworks in implementation science, we also found a rather superficial description of the use of PARIHS. Thus, we propose the development and adoption of reporting guidelines on how framework(s) are used in implementation studies, with the expectation that this will enhance the maturity of implementation science.
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| 2. |
- Koistinen, Susanne, et al.
(author)
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Oral health-related quality of life and associated factors among older people in short-term care.
- 2020
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In: International Journal of Dental Hygiene. - : Wiley. - 1601-5029 .- 1601-5037. ; 18, s. 163-172
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: It is well known that oral health status is associated with oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in the general population. The aim of this study was to describe and analyze OHRQoL among older people in short-term care and its associated factors.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 391 older people in 36 short-term care units. Data were collected via clinical oral assessments, questions about self-perceived oral and general health, Katz Index of Activities of Daily Living (Katz-ADL) and the Revised Oral Assessment Guide (ROAG). OHRQoL was measured using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). Multivariate logistic regression models were applied in the analysis.RESULTS: Poor OHRQoL was reported by 34% of the older people. Associated factors were swallowing problems according to ROAG; quite poor/poor self-perceived physical, psychological, and oral health; and being a woman.CONCLUSIONS: There is an association between OHRQoL and older people's self-perceived health according to the OHIP-14. This indicates the importance of early detection of oral health problems in frail older people and to assess both oral health and swallowing problems among older people in short-term care.
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| 3. |
- Göras, Camilla, 1969-, et al.
(author)
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Managing complexity in the operating room : a group interview study
- 2020
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In: BMC Health Services Research. - : BioMed Central. - 1472-6963. ; 20:1, s. 1-12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Clinical work in the operating room (OR) is considered challenging as it is complex, dynamic, and often time- and resource-constrained. Important characteristics for successful management of complexity include adaptations and adaptive coordination when managing expected and unexpected events. However, there is a lack of explorative research addressing what makes things go well and how OR staff describe they do when responding to challenges and compensating for constraints. The aim of this study was therefore to explore how complexity is managed as expressed by operating room nurses, registered nurse anesthetists, and surgeons, and how these professionals adapt to create safe care in the OR. Method Data for this qualitative explorative study were collected via group interviews with three professional groups of the OR-team, including operating room nurses, registered nurse anesthetists and operating and assisting surgeons in four group interview sessions, one for each profession except for ORNs for which two separate interviews were performed. The audio-taped transcripts were transcribed verbatim and analyzed by inductive qualitative content analysis. Results The findings revealed three generic categories covering ways of creating safe care in the OR: preconditions and resources, planning and preparing for the expected and unexpected, and adapting to the unexpected. In each generic category, one sub-category emerged that was common to all three professions: coordinating and reaffirming information, creating a plan for the patient and undergoing mental preparation, and prioritizing and solving upcoming problems, respectively. Conclusion Creating safe care in the OR should be understood as a process of planning and preparing in order to manage challenging and complex work processes. OR staff need preconditions and resources such as having experience and coordinating and reaffirming information, to make sense of different situations. This requires a mental model, which is created through planning and preparing in different ways. Some situations are repetitive and easier to plan for but planning for the unexpected requires anticipation from experience. The main results strengthen that abilities described in the theory of resilience are used by OR staff as a strategy to manage complexity in the OR.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Koistinen, Susanne
(author)
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Oral health, experiences of oral care, associated factors, and mortality among older people in short-term care
- 2020
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Objective: The overall aim of this thesis was to describe oral health and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), to compare self-perceived oral health with professional assessment, and to examine associated factors of importance for oral health, experiences, and mortality among older people in short-term care. Paper I describes oral health, daily oral care, and related factors among older people in short-term care and compares the older people’s self-perceived oral health with professional assessment of oral health. Paper II describes OHRQoL among older people in short- term care, and identifies associated factors. Paper III investigates the association between poor oral health, swallowing dysfunction, and mortality in older people. Paper IV describes how older people in short-term care experience their oral health and daily oral care.Methods: The thesis is part of a Swedish research study: Swallowing Function, Oral Health, and Food Intake in Old Age (SOFIA). In total, 391 older people from 36 short-term care units from 19 Swedish municipalities in 5 regions were included. Papers I–II are based on descriptive cross-sectional studies, Paper III is a prospective cohort study, and Paper IV is a descriptive qualitative study. Oral health was assessed professionally by clinical oral assessment (Papers I– II) and the Revised Oral Assessment Guide (ROAG) (Papers I–III). The older people’s perceived oral and general health was measured via self-reported questions (Papers I–II). Self- care ability was assessed with the Katz Index of Activities of Daily Living (Katz-ADL) (Papers I–III), OHRQoL was measured using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) (Paper II), and swallowing function was assessed with the Timed Water Swallow Test (TWST) (Paper III). Qualitative data were collected through fourteen individual interviews using a semi-structured interview guide (Paper IV). Data were analysed with descriptive statistics, Cohen-s kappa coefficient, logistic regression models, survival analysis, and inductive content analysis.Results: Papers I–III: The median age of the 391 participants was 84 years, and 209 (53%) were women; 167 (43%) had at least 20 remaining teeth and 74 (19%) were completely edentulous. A need for dental treatment was identified among 148 (41%) of the older people. A total of 74 (19%) participants received some or entire help with oral self-care, and 190 (54%) had less good to poor oral hygiene (Papers I–II). Oral problems according to ROAG were identified in 297 (77%) participants, with the most frequent problems being related to teeth and dentures (Papers I–III). There was a low level of agreement between the clinical assessment based on ROAG and the older people’s self-perceived oral health (Paper I). Poor OHRQoL was reported by 125 (34%) and associated factors were swallowing problems according to ROAG; quite poor/ poor self-perceived physical, psychological, and oral health; and being a woman (Paper II). Poor oral health and swallowing dysfunction were both independently associated with 1-year mortality, and in combination they predicted the highest mortality rate (Paper III). The older people’s experiences of oral health and daily oral care could be expressed as one main category: Adapting to a changed oral condition while striving to retain independence (Paper IV).Conclusion: Oral problems were identified among most older people in short-term care, although the participants claimed that they were satisfied with their oral health. There was an association between OHRQoL and self-perceived health and oral problems. Poor oral health and swallowing dysfunction were risk factors for 1-year mortality. These results show the importance of both asking older persons about how they perceive their oral health and making systematic assessment of oral health status and swallowing function. The ability to perform daily oral care and need for assistance with oral care should be included in the individual care planning. A close collaboration among different health professionals is important to support older people’s oral health and quality of life.
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| 6. |
- Naseer, Mahwish, et al.
(author)
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Factors associated with emergency department revisits among older adults in two Swedish regions : A prospective cohort study
- 2020
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In: Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (Print). - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-4943 .- 1872-6976. ; 86
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- ObjectivesTo assess the association between baseline characteristics at an index ED visit and ED revisit within 30 days among adults aged ≥ 65 years in two Swedish regions.MethodsThis was a register-based prospective cohort study. The sample included (N=16 688; N=101 017) older adults who have had an index ED visit in 2014 at hospital based EDs in the regions of Dalarna and Stockholm, Sweden. Several registers were linked to obtain information on sociodemographic factors, living conditions, social care, polypharmacy and health care use. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyse the data.ResultsSeventeen percent of the study sample in Dalarna and 20.1% in Stockholm revisited ED within 30 days after an index ED visit. In both regions, male gender, being in the last year of life, excessive polypharmacy (≥ 10 drugs), ≥11 primary care visits and ED care utilization were positively associated with ED revisits. In Stockholm, but not in Dalarna, low level of education, polypharmacy, and institutional care was also associated with ED revisits. In contrast, home help was associated with ED revisits in Dalarna but not in Stockholm.ConclusionThese findings call for further in-depth examinations of variations within single countries. ED revisits among older adults are driven by need of care but also by the social and care situation.
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| 8. |
- Wilhelmson, Katarina, 1958, et al.
(author)
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Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment for Frail Older People in Swedish Acute Care Settings (CGA-Swed) : A Randomised Controlled Study
- 2020
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In: Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland). - : MDPI AG. - 2308-3417 .- 0016-867X. ; 5:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of the study is to evaluate the effects of the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) for frail older people in Swedish acute hospital settings - the CGA-Swed study. In this study protocol, we present the study design, the intervention and the outcome measures as well as the baseline characteristics of the study participants. The study is a randomised controlled trial with an intervention group receiving the CGA and a control group receiving medical assessment without the CGA. Follow-ups were conducted after 1, 6 and 12 months, with dependence in activities of daily living (ADL) as the primary outcome measure. The study group consisted of frail older people (75 years and older) in need of acute medical hospital care. The study design, randomisation and process evaluation carried out were intended to ensure the quality of the study. Baseline data show that the randomisation was successful and that the sample included frail older people with high dependence in ADL and with a high comorbidity. The CGA contributed to early recognition of frail older people's needs and ensured a care plan and follow-up. This study is expected to show positive effects on frail older people's dependence in ADL, life satisfaction and satisfaction with health and social care.
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