| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Albertsson, Eva, 1979, et al.
(författare)
-
Proteomic analyses indicate induction of hepatic carbonyl reductase/20beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase B in rainbow trout exposed to sewage effluent.
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety. - : Elsevier BV. - 0147-6513. ; 68:1, s. 33-9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Proteomic analyses were performed to identify regulated liver proteins in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) caged upstream and downstream from a sewage treatment works (STW). Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, image analysis and FT-ICR mass-spectrometry revealed four regulated protein spots. The three down-regulated spots contained betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase and an unidentified protein respectively. The only up-regulated spot consisted of both mitochondrial ATP synthase alpha-subunit and carbonyl reductase/20beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (CR/20beta-HSD). Further studies using quantitative PCR revealed a 13.5-fold induction of CR/20beta-HSD B mRNA following STW effluent exposure. The CR/20beta-HSD B gene was not regulated by 17alpha-ethinylestradiol, suggesting that its induction downstream from the STW is due to other factors than exposure to estrogens. Image analysis was initially performed on four gels from each group. These analyses suggested 15 regulated spots. However, validation of the 15 spots by increasing the number of replicates confirmed only four regulated spots. Hence, the present study also demonstrates the need for sufficient biological/technical replication in the interpretation of proteomic data.
|
|
| 3. |
- Bardiene, J., et al.
(författare)
-
Environmental mutagenesis in different zones of the Baltic Sea
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Acta Zoologica Lituanica. - 1392-1657. ; 15:2, s. 90-95
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract. Environmental mutagenesis was assessed in fish from the selected coastal areas of the Baltic Sea–Kvadofjarden and the Stockholm archipelago (Sweden), the Klaipëda–Bûtingë zone (Lithuania), the Gulf of Gdansk (Poland) and the Wismar Bay (Germany). The frequency of micronuclei, as markers of cytogenetic damage, was evaluated in erythrocytes of 911 flounder (Platichthys flesus), 332 perch (Perca fluviatilis) and 458 eelpout (Zoarces viviparus) specimens. Fish was collected during bi-annual sampling campaigns performed in 2001 and 2002. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.0001) regarding season and sampling location were recorded. The highest values of cytogenetic damage were registered in flounder from the Lithuanian coast near Palanga (autumn 2001) and from the Wismar Bay (spring 2001), in perch from the Lithuanian coast near Nemirseta (autumn 2001) and in eelpout from the Wismar Bay (autumn 2001). These values are 5–10-fold higher than the baseline level of micronucleus incidence. In general, the decrease in environmental mutagenesis was observed in 2002. Nevertheless a significant increase in micronucleus levels was determined in fish after the oil spill in the Bûtingë oil terminal
|
|
| 4. |
- Barsiene, J., et al.
(författare)
-
Cytogenetic and cytotoxic effects in gill cells of the blue mussel Mytilus spp. from different zones of the Baltic Sea
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Marine Pollution Bulletin. - : Elsevier BV. - 0025-326X. ; 53:8-9, s. 469-478
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Frequency of micronuclei (MN) and other nuclear abnormalities (nuclear buds, bi-nucleated and fragmented-apoptotic cells) was analysed in gill cells of the blue mussel (Mytilus spp.) from selected coastal sites in the Baltic Sea-Kvadofjarden (Sweden), Klaipeda-Butinge zone (Lithuania), Gulf of Gdansk (Poland) and Wismar Bay (Germany). Samples were collected from 650 specimens during bi-annual sampling campaigns in 2001 and 2002. The lowest frequency of MN (0.37 MN/1000 cells) was found in blue mussels from the reference site (Kvadofjarden). The highest MN values (up to 6.7 MN/1000 cells) were registered in blue mussels from the Gulf of Gdansk in autumn 2001 and 2002, and at Wismar Bay in spring 2001 (up to 5.06 MN/1000 cells). Gradients of MN incidences were observed when comparing the three studied locations in Wismar Bay, and at the Lithuanian coast before the crude oil spill in the Butinge, oil terminal. Moreover, significant seasonal and inter-location differences in the responses were documented (P < 0.0001). Nuclear abnormalities were. observed most frequently in blue mussels from the Gulf of Gdansk. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 5. |
- Berglund, Åsa, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
-
Oxidative stress in pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) nestlings from metal contaminated environments in northern Sweden.
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Environmental Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0013-9351 .- 1096-0953. ; 105:3, s. 330-339
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metals have been shown to induce oxidative stress in animals. One of the most metal polluted terrestrial environments in Sweden is the surroundings of a sulfide ore smelter plant located in the northern part of the country. Pied flycatcher nestlings (Ficedula hypoleuca) that grew up close to the industry had accumulated amounts of arsenic, cadmium, mercury, lead, iron and zinc in their liver tissue. The aim of this study was to investigate if pied flycatcher nestlings in the pollution gradient of the industry were affected by oxidative stress using antioxidant molecules and enzyme activities. The antioxidant assays were also evaluated in search for useful biomarkers in pied flycatchers. This study indicated that nestlings in metal contaminated areas showed signs of oxidative stress evidenced by up regulated hepatic antioxidant defense given as increased glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase (CAT) activities and slightly but not significantly elevated lipid peroxidation and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities. Stepwise linear regression indicated that lipid peroxidation and CAT activities were influenced mostly by iron, but iron and lead influenced the CAT activity to a higher degree. Positive relationships were found between GST and lead as well as GR activities and cadmium. We conclude that GR, CAT, GST activities and lipid peroxidation levels may function as useful biomarkers for oxidative stress in free-living pied flycatcher nestlings exposed to metal contaminated environments.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Carney Almroth, Bethanie, 1974, et al.
(författare)
-
Oxidative damage in eelpout (Zoarces viviparus), measured as protein carbonyls and TBARS, as biomarkers
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Aquatic Toxicology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0166-445X. ; 73:2, s. 171-180
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During 2002-2003 a dredging campaign was undertaken in Goteborg harbor, Sweden, to widen and deepen shipping lanes. A bunker oil spill occurred in the harbor in July 2003, thereby further exasperating the situation for marine life. Eelpout, Zoarces viviparus, was used as a sentinel species to monitor the impact of these events. Here, we have investigated the effects on two liver parameters, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation, which can serve as biomarkers for oxidative stress. Lipid peroxidation data, measured as TBARS, in eelpout from the field study showed no significant differences between reference and polluted sites, at any of the time points. These results are mirrored in a laboratory exposure to the bunker oil where no differences were seer. between the control and the exposure groups. A trend towards a seasonal cycle in TBARS levels in eelpout liver was observed, with highest amounts measured during the warmer months, 97.08 +/- 14.45 nmol/g liver in the harbor in July compared to 41.20 +/- 2.66 mnol/g liver in November 2001. Protein carbonylation, measured using an ELISA method, did, however, show differences between the reference and polluted sites in the field, as well as differences between time periods (before and during dredging and following the oil spill). The laboratory exposure indicated that the formation and/or accumulation of protein carbonyls is greatly affected by exposure to this PAH rich oil. Levels in the control group were 1.76 +/- 0.13 nmol/mg protein while those fish exposed to the high dose had 6.23 +/- 0.17 nmol/mg protein. We concluded that TBARS is not an appropriate biomarker for pollutant mediated oxidative damage in eelpout while protein carbonyl formation does appear to be affected by xenobiotic exposure. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 8. |
- Carney Almroth, Bethanie, 1974, et al.
(författare)
-
Oxidative damage in rainbow trout caged in a polluted river.
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Marine Environmental Research. ; 66:1, s. 90-91
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sewage treatment works (STWs) are a common source of chemicals entering into the aquatic environment. In order to assess effects of these effluents on oxidative stress parameters in aquatic organisms, we caged rainbow trout at five sites: upstream, near an STW effluent, and three sites downstream in the river Viskan in western Sweden for 14 days during autumn, 2006. We then measured protein carbonyls in plasma as well as 20S proteosome activity and lipid peroxidation products, i.e. MDA and 4-HNE, in liver samples. Levels of both lipid and protein oxidative damage products were elevated in fish caged near the STW effluent while 20S activity showed no differences. This argues that complex mixtures of chemicals entering into the aquatic environment do have deleterious effects on fish. Additionally, oxidative stress parameters can serve as a biomarker in aquatic organisms.
|
|
| 9. |
- Carney Almroth, Bethanie, 1974, et al.
(författare)
-
Oxidative stress, evident in antioxidant defences and damage products, in rainbow trout caged outside a sewage treatment plant
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. ; 70:3, s. 370-378
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sewage treatment plants (STPs) are common sources of a wide variety of chemicals entering into the aquatic environment. We have investigated the effects of STP effluent on oxidative stress parameters in rainbow trout via measurements of several enzymatic antioxidants as well as the molecular antioxidant glutathione (GSH). In addition, we have measured levels of oxidative damage, i.e. protein carbonyls and lipid peroxides. Our findings indicate that STP effluent does contain prooxidants that affect fish. Oxidative damage was a more consistent indicator of exposure to prooxidants than antioxidant enzymes. Protein carbonyls and lipid peroxides were both elevated (1.3- and 1.8-fold increases, respectively) in fish caged at the STP site compared with reference site as was the amount of oxidized GSH (GSSG), which showed a 3-fold increase. Antioxidant enzymes showed no clear-cut response. Additionally, older pollutants that have been present in down stream sediment for decades had no effects on the parameters measured here.
|
|
| 10. |
- Carney Almroth, Bethanie, 1974, et al.
(författare)
-
Protein carbonyls and antioxidant defenses in corkwing wrasse (Symphodus melops) from a heavy metal polluted and a PAH polluted site.
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Marine environmental research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0141-1136. ; 66:2, s. 271-7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of fish in environmental monitoring has become increasingly important in recent years as anthropogenic substances, many of which function as prooxidants, are accumulating in aquatic environments. We have measured a battery of antioxidant defenses as a measure of oxidative status, as well as protein carbonylation as a measure of oxidative damage, in corkwing wrasse (Symphodus melops) captured near a disused copper mine, where water and sediment are contaminated with heavy metals, and an aluminum smelter, a site contaminated with PAHs. Results were compared to two different reference sites. Fish at the heavy metal site had lower glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity and elevated protein carbonyls (1.8 times) compared to fish from the reference site. At the PAH site, EROD was increased 2-fold, while total glutathione and methemoglobin reductase concentration, were decreased. No differences were seen in protein carbonyl levels at the PAH site. Measures of both antioxidant defenses and oxidative damage should be used when assessing effects of xenobiotics on oxidative stress in fish species.
|
|
