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- Christmansson, Marita, et al.
(författare)
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A case study of a principally new way of materials kitting—an evaluation of time consumption and physical workload
- 2002
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Ingår i: International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. - : Elsevier. - 0169-8141 .- 1872-8219. ; 30:1, s. 49-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents a materials kitting case study, using an alternative method for materials kitting: the traditional picker-to-material principle was replaced with a material-to-picker approach. The study was made in a materials supply workshop of an automobile plant shortly after this kitting process had been introduced. The materials kitting was video recorded and the material pickers’ physical exposure was assessed using ambulatory equipment to make an integrated registration of muscular activity, work postures and movements. The material pickers assessed work situations perceived as physically stressful. The materials kitting showed improved productivity as compared with other kitting methods. The study indicated that the work situation offered pickers low levels of physical exposure. The picking work was rather light but involved great repetitiveness in arm movements. The material pickers experienced the work as repetitive and having some physically stressful work situations. The integrated analyses showed: (1) that exposure in picking operations was similar to, but could be distinguished from, other work activities and (2) that picking from one type of storage package, Euro pallets, resulted in higher exposure than picking from plastic containers. More studies are needed on the implications of exposure levels in materials picking.
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| 2. |
- Christmansson, Marita, et al.
(författare)
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Modified method time measurements for ergonomic planning of production systems in the manufacturing industry
- 2000
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Ingår i: International Journal of Production Research. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0020-7543 .- 1366-588X. ; 38:17, s. 4051 - 4059
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper reports on an evaluation of a method called ErgoSAM. This method is based on SAM, a higher-level method-time-measurement (MTM) system, and is for use by production planners, e.g. production engineers. In addition to the SAM information, the ErgoSAM method considers information on weight handled or forces applied, and work zone. The method is designed to predict the physical demands of work postures, force and repetitivity, according to a scientific model, the Cube model. In co-operation with the Volvo Car Corporation, six workstations of an assembly line, were analysed by a production engineer using ErgoSAM. The total assembly time analysed was about 17 minutes. The results were compared to results from ergonomic analyses made by an ergonomist using the Volvo Car Corporations standards. The results showed that ErgoSAM predicts work situations of high physical stress for the workers. However, the method does not consider stressful positions for the hand, wrist and neck or mental stress. The production engineer judged the ErgoSAM analyses to require about 5% more time than SAM analyses alone. It is concluded that the method shows considerable promise for predicting physically stressful work situations, but needs to be further evaluated and refined.
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| 3. |
- Forsman, Mikael, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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A Method for Evaluation of Manual Work Using Synchronised Video Recordings and Physiological Measurements
- 2002
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Ingår i: Applied Ergonomics. - 0003-6870 .- 1872-9126. ; 33:6, s. 533 - 540
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This is an example how of our research and development work regarding a self-developed method to synchronise a video recorder and a personal computer was refined further. Which in turn gave birth to an extensive register of video-registration that still are saved at Chalmers University of Technology (this register’s existence has not been resolved after Engström’s retirement). This method in question has more or less been nicked by other scientists, which who we have cooperated at Lindholmen Utveckling in Gothenburg. Who has constructed a digitalised version of this method, our own equipment comprised usage of VHS-tapes (see other publication registered in Chalmers Public Library CPL). Later on refined further with regard to specific psychological aspects (i.e. the registered operator/subjects were thereby able to self-evaluate the recordings by interactions).
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| 8. |
- Forsman, Mikael, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Motor unit recruitment in the trapezius muscle with special reference to coarse arm movements.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of electromyography and kinesiology : official journal of the International Society of Electrophysiological Kinesiology. - 1050-6411 .- 1873-5711. ; 11:3, s. 207-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic shoulder pain is common in a variety of occupations. The "Cinderella hypothesis" suggests that the pain originates from damaged type I muscle fibres driven into degenerative processes as a result of too long activation and too short recovery time. The main purpose of this study was to investigate if the same motor units are active during all phases of coarse arm movements. Eight healthy volunteers participated in the study. Intramuscular electromyographic signals were picked up with a four-lead fine wire electrode, during a unilateral straight arm movement. The movement started with either (part 1) an abduction or a flexion, then (2) a movement in the horizontal plane from the sagittal to the frontal plane or vice versa, and finally (3) an adduction or an extension to the start position. The movement cycle was performed in three different speeds, slow, medium, and high, with one, two or five cycles per 20 s, respectively. On an average, the motor unit action potentials (MUAPs) of 6 motor units (range, 1-15) were identified per trail. In total 94% of the MUAP trains that were identified showed firings in all 3 parts of the movements. The findings support the Cinderella hypothesis, although there is a need to further investigate the temporal pattern of long-term motor unit activity.
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