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- Oh, T. G., et al.
(författare)
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PRMT2 and ROR gamma Expression Are Associated With Breast Cancer Survival Outcomes
- 2014
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Ingår i: Molecular Endocrinology. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0888-8809 .- 1944-9917. ; 28:7, s. 1166-1185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) methylate arginine residues on histones and target transcription factors that play critical roles in many cellular processes, including gene transcription, mRNA splicing, proliferation, and differentiation. Recent studies have linked PRMT-dependent epigenetic marks and modifications to carcinogenesis and metastasis in cancer. However, the role of PRMT2-dependent signaling in breast cancer remains obscure. We demonstrate PRMT2 mRNA expression was significantly decreased in breast cancer relative to normal breast. Gene expression profiling, Ingenuity and protein-protein interaction network analysis after PRMT2-short interfering RNA transfection into MCF-7 cells, revealed that PRMT2-dependent gene expression is involved in cell-cycle regulation and checkpoint control, chromosomal instability, DNA repair, and carcinogenesis. For example, PRMT2 depletion achieved the following: 1) increased p21 and decreased cyclinD1 expression in (several) breast cancer cell lines, 2) decreased cell migration, 3) induced an increase in nucleotide excision repair and homologous recombination DNA repair, and 4) increased the probability of distance metastasis free survival (DMFS). The expression of PRMT2 and retinoid-related orphan receptor-gamma (ROR gamma) is inversely correlated in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer and increased ROR gamma expression increases DMFS. Furthermore, we found decreased expression of the PRMT2-dependent signature is significantly associated with increased probability of DMFS. Finally, weighted gene coexpression network analysis demonstrated a significant correlation between PRMT2-dependent genes and cell-cycle checkpoint, kinetochore, and DNA repair circuits. Strikingly, these PRMT2-dependent circuits are correlated with pan-cancer metagene signatures associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition and chromosomal instability. This study demonstrates the role and significant correlation between a histone methyltransferase (PRMT2)-dependent signature, ROR gamma, the cell-cycle regulation, DNA repair circuits, and breast cancer survival outcomes.
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- Caswell, J. L., et al.
(författare)
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The 6-GHz methanol multibeam maser catalogue - I. Galactic Centre region, longitudes 345° to 6°
- 2010
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Ingår i: MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY. - 0035-8711. ; 404:2, s. 1029-1060
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have conducted a Galactic plane survey of methanol masers at 6668 MHz using a seven-beam receiver on the Parkes telescope. Here we present results from the first part, which provides sensitive unbiased coverage of a large region around the Galactic Centre. Details are given for 183 methanol maser sites in the longitude range 345° through the Galactic Centre to 6°. Within 6° of the Galactic Centre, we found 88 maser sites, of which more than half (48) are new discoveries. The masers are confined to a narrow Galactic latitude range, indicative of many sources at the Galactic Centre distance and beyond, and confined to a thin disc population; there is no high-latitude population that might be ascribed to the Galactic bulge. Within 2° of the Galactic Centre the maser velocities all lie between −60 and +77 km s−1, a range much smaller than the 540 km s−1 range observed in CO. Elsewhere, the maser with highest positive velocity (+107 km s−1) occurs, surprisingly, near longitude 355° and is probably attributable to the Galactic bar. The maser with the most negative velocity (−127 km s−1) is near longitude 346°, within the longitude–velocity locus of the near side of the ‘3-kpc arm’. It has the most extreme velocity of a clear population of masers associated with the near and far sides of the 3-kpc arm. Closer to the Galactic Centre the maser space density is generally low, except within 0.25 kpc of the Galactic Centre itself, the ‘Galactic Centre zone’, where it is 50 times higher, which is hinted at by the longitude distribution, and confirmed by the unusual velocities.
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- Fjällström, Viktor, et al.
(författare)
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Potential-Induced Degradation of CuIn1-xGaxSe2 Thin Film Solar Cells
- 2013
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Ingår i: IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics. - 2156-3381. ; 3:3, s. 1090-1094
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of Na-free or low Na content glass substrates is observed to enhance the resiliency to potential-induced degradation, as compared with glass substrates with high Na content, such as soda lime glass (SLG). The results from stress tests in this study suggest that degradation caused by a combination of heat and bias across the SLG substrate is linked to increased Na concentration in the CdS and Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 (CIGS) layers in CIGS-based solar cells. The degradation during the bias stress is dramatic. The efficiency drops to close to 0% after 50 h of stressing. On the other hand, cells on Na-free and low Na content substrates exhibited virtually no efficiency degradation. The degraded cells showed partial recovery by resting at room temperature without bias; thus, the degradation is nonpermanent and may be due to Na migration and accumulation rather than chemical reaction.
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- Giosan, Liviu, et al.
(författare)
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Fluvial landscapes of the Harappan civilization
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 109:26, s. E1688-E1694
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The collapse of the Bronze Age Harappan, one of the earliest urban civilizations, remains an enigma. Urbanism flourished in the western region of the Indo-Gangetic Plain for approximately 600 y, but since approximately 3,900 y ago, the total settled area and settlement sizes declined, many sites were abandoned, and a significant shift in site numbers and density towards the east is recorded. We report morphologic and chronologic evidence indicating that fluvial landscapes in Harappan territory became remarkably stable during the late Holocene as aridification intensified in the region after approximately 5,000 BP. Upstream on the alluvial plain, the large Himalayan rivers in Punjab stopped incising, while downstream, sedimentation slowed on the distinctive mega-fluvial ridge, which the Indus built in Sindh. This fluvial quiescence suggests a gradual decrease in flood intensity that probably stimulated intensive agriculture initially and encouraged urbanization around 4,500 BP. However, further decline in monsoon precipitation led to conditions adverse to both inundation- and rain-based farming. Contrary to earlier assumptions that a large glacier-fed Himalayan river, identified by some with the mythical Sarasvati, watered the Harappan heartland on the interfluve between the Indus and Ganges basins, we show that only monsoonal-fed rivers were active there during the Holocene. As the monsoon weakened, monsoonal rivers gradually dried or became seasonal, affecting habitability along their courses. Hydroclimatic stress increased the vulnerability of agricultural production supporting Harappan urbanism, leading to settlement downsizing, diversification of crops, and a drastic increase in settlements in the moister monsoon regions of the upper Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh.
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- Hultqvist, Adam, et al.
(författare)
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Performance of Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 solar cells using nominally alkali free glass substrates with varying coefficient of thermal expansion
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 114:9, s. 094501-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this report, Cu(In,Ga)Se-2, CIGS, solar cell devices have been fabricated on nominally alkali free glasses with varying coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) from 50 to 95* 10(-7)/degrees C. A layer of NaF deposited on top of the Mo was used to provide Na to the CIGS film. Increasing the glass CTE leads to a change of stress state of the solar cell stack as evidenced by measured changes of stress state of the Mo layer after CIGS deposition. The open circuit voltage, the short circuit current density, and the fill factors, for solar cells made on the various substrates, are all found to increase with CTE to a certain point. The median energy conversion efficiency values for 32 solar cells increases from 14.6% to the lowest CTE glass to 16.5% and 16.6%, respectively, for the two highest CTE glasses, which have CTE values closest to that of the soda lime glass. This is only slightly lower than the 17.0% median of soda lime glass reference devices. We propose a model where an increased defect density in the CIGS layer caused by thermal mismatch during cool-down is responsible for the lower efficiency for the low CTE glass substrates.
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