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Sökning: WFRF:(Gloyn Anna L) > (2016)

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1.
  • Fuchsberger, Christian, et al. (författare)
  • The genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 536:7614, s. 41-47
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The genetic architecture of common traits, including the number, frequency, and effect sizes of inherited variants that contribute to individual risk, has been long debated. Genome-wide association studies have identified scores of common variants associated with type 2 diabetes, but in aggregate, these explain only a fraction of the heritability of this disease. Here, to test the hypothesis that lower-frequency variants explain much of the remainder, the GoT2D and T2D-GENES consortia performed whole-genome sequencing in 2,657 European individuals with and without diabetes, and exome sequencing in 12,940 individuals from five ancestry groups. To increase statistical power, we expanded the sample size via genotyping and imputation in a further 111,548 subjects. Variants associated with type 2 diabetes after sequencing were overwhelmingly common and most fell within regions previously identified by genome-wide association studies. Comprehensive enumeration of sequence variation is necessary to identify functional alleles that provide important clues to disease pathophysiology, but large-scale sequencing does not support the idea that lower-frequency variants have a major role in predisposition to type 2 diabetes.
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2.
  • Orho-Melander, Marju, et al. (författare)
  • GCKR : How genetic variation across the allelic spectrum influences protein function and metabolic traits in humans
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: The Genetics of Type 2 Diabetes and Related Traits: Biology, Physiology and Translation. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319015743 - 9783319015736 ; , s. 317-336
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have generated considerable interest in glucokinase regulatory protein (GKRP; gene name GCKR) which is an inhibitor of hepatic glucokinase (GCK), an enzyme that plays a critical role in glucose update and disposal in liver. From the initial discovery of GCKR variants associated with triglyceride and glucose levels through the identification of pleiotropic associations with a wide variety of metabolic phenotypes, we have learned a great deal about the importance of GKRP as a critical node in hepatic metabolism. GKRP remains one of the few well-studied GWAS loci where attempts have been made to understand the functional as well as the phenotypic impact of genetic variants across the allelic spectrum. Given the interest in developing liver-specific glucokinase activators and small molecules which disrupt the GKRP:GCK interaction for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, these genetic insights provide a wealth of information regarding efficacy and potential adverse on-target effects in humans.
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