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| 2. |
- Elden, Helen, 1959, et al.
(author)
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Effects of acupuncture and stabilising exercises as adjunct to standard treatment in pregnant women with pelvic girdle pain: randomised single blind controlled trial
- 2004
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In: The 5th Interdisciplinary World Congress on Low Back Pain & Pelvic Pain”, 2004, Melbourne.. - 9080255149
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To compare the efficacy of standard treatment, standard treatment plus acupuncture, and standard treatment plus stabilising exercises for pelvic girdle pain during pregnancy. DESIGN: Randomised single blind controlled trial. Settings East Hospital, Gothenburg, and 27 maternity care centres in Sweden. PARTICIPANTS: 386 pregnant women with pelvic girdle pain. INTERVENTIONS: Treatment for six weeks with standard treatment (n = 130), standard treatment plus acupuncture (n = 125), or standard treatment plus stabilising exercises (n = 131). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcome measure was pain (visual analogue scale); secondary outcome measure was assessment of severity of pelvic girdle pain by an independent examiner before and after treatment. RESULTS: After treatment the stabilising exercise group had less pain than the standard group in the morning (median difference = 9, 95% confidence interval 1.7 to 12.8; P = 0.0312) and in the evening (13, 2.7 to 17.5; P = 0.0245). The acupuncture group, in turn, had less pain in the evening than the stabilising exercise group (-14, -18.1 to -3.3; P = 0.0130). Furthermore, the acupuncture group had less pain than the standard treatment group in the morning (12, 5.9 to 17.3; P < 0.001) and in the evening (27, 13.3 to 29.5; P < 0.001). Attenuation of pelvic girdle pain as assessed by the independent examiner was greatest in the acupuncture group. CONCLUSION: Acupuncture and stabilising exercises constitute efficient complements to standard treatment for the management of pelvic girdle pain during pregnancy. Acupuncture was superior to stabilising exercises in this study.
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- Frisk, Per, et al.
(author)
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Cataracts after autologous bone marrow transplantation in children
- 2000
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In: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 89:7, s. 814-819
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We recorded the incidence and degree of posterior subcapsular cataract (PSC) in 29 children who had undergone autologous (n = 28) or syngeneic (n = 1) bone marrow transplantation (BMT) due to haematologic or lymphoid malignancy. Conditioning prior to transplantation consisted either of a combination of chemotherapy and total body irradiation (TBI) (n = 21) or of chemotherapy only (n = 8). TBI was given in one fraction of 7.5 Gy. Nine patients had received previous cranial irradiation. The patients were followed for 4-10 y (median 8y) after transplantation. Of 29 patients, 22 developed PSC, all within 4 y after BMT. With the exception of one patient who developed unilateral PSC, all had received TBI. Conversely, 100% of those who received TBI developed PSC. In this group (+TBI), eight patients (38%) developed significant PSC, defined as best corrected visual acuity < 0.8 in either eye. Six patients (10 eyes) have since needed surgical repair consisting of extracapsular cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation. There was no clear relationship between previous cranial irradiation and cataract development, nor any other obvious baseline differences between those in the +TBI group who developed significant PSC and those who did not. Although effects of previous therapy cannot be ruled out, TBI appears to be the main cause of PSC in this group of patients. Twelve patients in the +TBI group had well-preserved visual acuity throughout the study, reflecting a slow progression of PSC. This compares favourably with previous reports of allogeneic BMT, possibly owing to less need for corticosteroids after autologous BMT. We conclude that the incidence of PSC was high after autologous BMT where the conditioning regimen included total body irradiation.
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- Hagberg, Hans E., et al.
(author)
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Value of transsternal core biopsy in patients with a newly diagnosed mediastinal mass
- 2000
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In: Acta Oncologica. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 39:2, s. 195-198
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Histopathologic analysis of an anterior mediastinal mass of unknown origin is essential for treatment decision. Mediastinoscopy is the most common procedure performed to obtain biopsies, but general anaesthesia and hospitalization are necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether transsternal core biopsies, an easy outpatient biopsy technique, could be an alternative to mediastinoscopy. A biopsy instrument that makes it possible to reach tumours hidden behind bone was used for transsternal CT-guided core biopsies in 21 patients with a newly diagnosed anterior mediastinal mass. No severe side effects were observed. In 19/21 (90%) patients the biopsies were diagnostic. In 2/21 patients additional biopsy techniques had to be used. In these two patients Hodgkin's disease was suspected in the first biopsy procedures. The diagnosis was confirmed by new core biopsies, from other parts of the tumour, not using a transsternal approach (transclavicular and parasternal, respectively). In addition, one mediastinoscopy was performed in a patient who was diagnosed with a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma but where more material was needed for lymphoma subclassification. It is concluded that CT-guided transsternal core biopsy is a clinically valuable method in patients with a newly diagnosed anterior mediastinal mass.
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- Hagberg, Mats, 1951, et al.
(author)
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Incidence and risk factors for symptoms of decompression sickness among male and female dive masters and instructors--a retrospective cohort study.
- 2003
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In: Undersea & hyperbaric medicine : journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc. - 1066-2936. ; 30:2, s. 93-102
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim was to determine the incidence of symptoms of decompression sickness (DCS) in dive masters and instructors in relation to number of dives and possible risk factors. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study of dive masters and instructors in Sweden. STUDY BASE: All dive masters and instructors listed with PADI, NAUI and CMAS in Sweden as of January 1st 1999 (2380 divers). METHODS: The dive masters and instructors received a validated questionnaire on diving activities and symptoms of DCS in 1999. 1516 men and 226 women answered, i.e. 73% of the initial study base. RESULTS: DCS symptoms were reported by 190 divers. The incidence of DCS symptoms was 1.52 for males and 1.27 for females per 1000 dives. Dive masters, divers not performing decompression-stop dives, divers not practicing advanced diving and divers with a low number of total lifetime dives had a higher proportion (p < 0.05) of DCS symptoms per 1000 dives. There were no major differences in DCS symptom incidence related to sex, age, asthma, overweight or alcohol abuse in this study.
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- Jacobsson, Bo, 1960, et al.
(author)
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Microbial invasion and cytokine response in amniotic fluid in a Swedish population of women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes.
- 2003
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In: Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6349. ; 82:5, s. 423-31
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown an association between intra-amniotic microbial invasion and/or inflammation and spontaneous preterm birth. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of intra-amniotic microorganisms and cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] in a Swedish population, with low incidence of preterm birth, of women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes and their correlation to preterm birth. METHODS: Amniotic fluid was retrieved transabdominally from 58 patients with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes before 34 weeks of gestation. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses for Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis and culture for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were performed. IL-6 and IL-8 were analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: Microorganisms in amniotic fluid were detected in 13 patients (25%). Patients with bacteria detected in the amniotic fluid had significantly higher levels of IL-6 and IL-8. An amniotic fluid concentration of IL-6 >/= 0.80 ng/ml [relative risk 1.93, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.13-3.29, sensitivity 63%, specificity 75%] was associated with an increased risk of delivery within 7 days. There was also an association between IL-8 and preterm birth (< 34 weeks). CONCLUSIONS: Intra-amniotic microbial invasion and inflammation in this population of Swedish women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes were similar to data reported from populations with a higher incidence of preterm delivery. Amniotic IL-6 correlated to the presence of microorganisms and delivery within 7 days and IL-8 to delivery before 34 weeks.
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- Pavasars, Ivars, et al.
(author)
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Alkaline degradation of cellulose : mechanisms and kinetics
- 2003
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In: Journal of Polymers and the Environment. - 1566-2543 .- 1572-8919. ; 11:2, s. 39-47
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cellulose powder and softwood sawdust were subjected to alkaline degradation under conditions representative of a cementitious environment for periods of 7 and 3 years, respectively. During the first 3 years, sampling was frequent, and data on the degradation of cellulose and production of isosaccharinic acid was used for establishing long-term prediction models. Samples after an additional period of 4 years were compared to the predicted values. The total rate of degradation was measured as the increase in total organic carbon (TOC) in corresponding solutions. A previously published theoretical model of degradation kinetics gave a good approximation of the present experimental data. Peeling-off, stopping, and alkaline hydrolysis reaction rate constants were obtained as model parameters, and the results suggested that the transformation of the glucose end group is the rate-limiting step in the cellulose peeling-off reaction and also determines the pH dependence of that reaction. After 3 years, isosaccharinic (ISA) acid represented 70-85% of all degradation products as quantified by capillary zone electrophoresis. The long-term prediction model indicated that all of the cellulose would be degraded after only 150-550 years. The control sampling after 7 years points toward a lower degradation of cellulose and production of ISA than predicted by the model, reflecting either a degradation of ISA that was faster than the production or a termination of the ISA production.
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