| 1. |
- Krekmanova, Larisa, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Perceived oral discomfort and pain in children and adolescents with intellectual or physical disabilities as reported by their legal guardians
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1818-6300 .- 1996-9805. ; 17:4, s. 223-230
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: This was, firstly, to study the occurrence of oral pain and discomfort, using the Dental Discomfort Questionnaire (DDQ), in children and adolescents with intellectual or physical disabilities, compared with controls. Secondly, was to analyse the relationship between pain and discomfort, as measured by the DDQ, and dental health, as well as oral hygiene habits and dietary habits. Methods: The study included 135 children and adolescents (12–18 years), registered at the Child and Adolescent Habilitation Unit in Göteborg and Södra Bohuslän, Sweden, and 135 gender- and age-matched controls. The children’s legal guardians completed a questionnaire comprising the DDQ and questions on oral hygiene and dietary habits. Data on dental health were retrieved from dental records. Results: The DDQ total mean score was higher for the study group, compared with the control group, 3.2 (SD 2.9) vs. 1.6 (SD 2.0), respectively (p = 0.001). Furthermore, children and adolescents with a severe intellectual disability had higher total mean DDQ scores than children with a mild intellectual disability, 4.8 (SD 4.2) vs. 2.4 (SD 2.9), respectively (p = 0.034), and also higher than children with a physical disability, 2.2 (SD 2.1) (p = 0.012). There were no differences in DMFT between children with disabilities and age-matched controls. There was no relationship between the DDQ scores and oral hygiene/dietary habits in children with disabilities. Conclusions: Children and adolescents with intellectual or physical disabilities experienced oral discomfort and pain more often than matched controls. Dental health expressed as DMFT could not be related to the DDQ responses. © 2016, European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry.
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| 2. |
- Stewart, R., et al.
(författare)
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Associations Between Oral Health and Risk of Dementia in a 37-Year Follow-Up Study: The Prospective Population Study of Women in Gothenburg
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. - : Wiley. - 0002-8614. ; 63:1, s. 100-105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesTo investigate the association between incident dementia and previous number of teeth measured over a long interval. ParticipantsWomen with (n=158) and without (n=539) dementia in 2000 to 2005. MeasurementsTooth counts in 1968-69, 1980-81, and 1992-93. Covariates included age, education, stroke, myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, smoking status, blood pressure, body mass index, and cholesterol level. ResultsAfter adjustment for age, odds ratios (ORs) for dementia in 2000-05, comparing first with fourth tooth count quartiles, were 1.81 (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.03-3.19) for tooth counts measured in 1968, 2.25 (95% CI=1.18-4.32) for those in 1980, and 1.99 (0.92-4.30) for those in 1992. After further adjustment for education, ORs were 1.40 (95% CI=1.03-3.19) for 1968, 1.96 (95% CI=0.98-3.95) for 1980, and 1.59 (95% CI=0.71-3.53) for 1992, and after additional adjustment for vascular risk factors, ORs were 1.38 (95% CI=0.74-2.58) for 1968, 2.09 (95% CI=1.01-4.32) for 1980, and 1.61 (95% CI=0.70-3.68) for 1992. ConclusionIn most of the analyses, lower tooth count was not associated with dementia, although a significant association was found for one of the three examinations. Further research may benefit from more-direct measures of dental and periodontal disease.
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| 3. |
- André Kramer, Ann-Catrin André, et al.
(författare)
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Demographic factors and dental health of Swedish children and adolescents
- 2016
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Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 74:3, s. 178-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate the dental health of Swedish children and adolescents with reference to age, gender and residence.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Electronic dental records from 300,988 3-19-year-olds in one Swedish region were derived in a cross-sectional study in years 2007-2009. The DMFT system was used. Age was categorized into 3-6/7-9/10-12/13-15/16-17/18-19-year-olds and residence into 'metropolitan', 'urban' and 'rural' areas. ANOVA, generalized linear regression models and Fisher's exact test were used.RESULTS: Among 7-9-year-old children, nine out of 10 were free from fillings and manifest caries, while for 18-19-year-olds; this proportion was one third. Girls (18-19-year-olds) had a significantly lower risk of caries compared to boys of the same age, RR for the DT index = 0.83 (95% CI = 0.81-0.85). This pattern was reversed in 7-12-year-old children. Children and adolescents in metropolitan and urban areas had significantly more caries than subjects in rural areas, for instance the RR for the DT index in metropolitan 7-9-year-olds was 2.26 (95% CI = 2.11-2.42) compared to their rural counterparts.CONCLUSIONS: In the permanent dentition, the overall pattern revealed that girls ≤ 12 years had a higher risk of caries, while adolescent girls had a lower risk of caries, both compared with boys of corresponding ages. Living in an urban or metropolitan area entailed a higher risk of caries than living in a rural area. A greater occurrence of dental caries in adolescents than in children was confirmed. The findings should have implications for planning and evaluation of oral health promotion and disease prevention activities.
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| 4. |
- André Kramer, Ann-Catrin, et al.
(författare)
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Multiple Socioeconomic Factors and Dental Caries in Swedish Children and Adolescents.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Caries Research. - : S. Karger AG. - 0008-6568 .- 1421-976X. ; 52:1-2, s. 42-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study aimed to explore associations between multiple socioeconomic factors and dental caries experience in Swedish children and adolescents (3-19 years old). Electronic dental records from 300,988, in a Swedish region (97.3% coverage) were collected using the DMFT indices (decayed, missing, filled teeth: dependent variables). Socioeconomic status (SES) data (ethnicity, wealth, parental education, and employment) for individuals, parents, and families were obtained from official registers. Principal component analysis was used to explore SES data. Scores based on the first factor were used as an independent aggregated socioeconomic variable in logistic regression analyses. Dental caries experience was low in the participants: 16% in 3- to 6-year-olds (deft index: decayed, extracted, filled teeth) and 47% in 7- to 19-year-olds (DFT index). Both separate and aggregated socioeconomic variables were consistently associated with the dental caries experience irrespective of the caries index used: the crude odds ratio (OR) for having at least 1 caries lesion in 3- to 6-year-olds (deft index) in the lowest SES quintile was 3.26 (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.09-3.43) and in ≥7-year-olds (DFT index) OR 1.80 (95% CI 1.75-1.84) compared with children in the 4 higher SES quintiles. Overall, associations were stronger in the primary dentition than in the permanent dentition. Large SES models contributed more to explaining the caries experience than slim models including fewer SES indicators. In conclusion, socioeconomic factors were consistently associated with dental caries experience in the children and adolescents both as single factors and as multiple factors combined in an index. Socioeconomic inequalities had stronger associations to caries experience in young children than in older children and adolescents.
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| 5. |
- Andås, Charlotte Andren, et al.
(författare)
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Payment systems and oral health in Swedish dental care: Observations over six years.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Community Dental Health. - 0265-539X. ; 33:4, s. 257-261
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this longitudinal study of patients in regular dental care was to compare the findings of manifest caries and fillings after a 6-year adherence to either of two optional payment models, the traditional fee-for service (FFS) model, or the new capitation model 'Dental Care for Health' (DCH). Material and methods: Data on manifest caries lesions, the number of fillings and a number of background variables were collected from both a register and a questionnaire completed by 6,299 regular dental patients who met the inclusion criteria. The influence of payment system adherence and background variables on the number of manifest caries lesions at study end was examined by the means of negative binomial regression analysis. Results: The incidence rate ratio of manifest caries lesions after six years in FFS was 1.5 compared to DCH, after controlling for age, gender, education and pre-baseline caries incidence. The number of fillings was higher in FFS than in DCH at study start and at study end, and was also described by a steeper slope. Conclusions: At group level, this study showed a statistically significant difference between the caries situation after six years in DCH compared with FFS, when some important background factors, including pre-baseline caries, were kept constant in a regression model.
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| 6. |
- Bergström, Eva-Karin, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Caries and costs: an evaluation of a school-based fluoride varnish programme for adolescents in a Swedish region
- 2016
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Ingår i: Community Dental Health. - 0265-539X. ; 33:2, s. 138-144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2003, 19 public dental clinics in Vastra Gotaland Region implemented a population-based programme with fluoride varnish applications at school every six months, for all 12 to 15 year olds. In 2008, the programme was extended to include all 112 clinics in the region. Objective: To evaluate caries increment and to perform a cost analysis of the programme. Basic research design: A retrospective design with caries data for two birth cohorts extracted from dental records. Three groups of adolescents were compared. For Group 1 (n=3,132), born in 1993, the fluoride varnish programme started in 2003 and Group 2 (n=13,490), also born in 1993, had no fluoride varnish programme at school. These groups were compared with Group 3 (n=11,321), born in 1998, when the programme was implemented for all individuals. The total cost of the four-year programme was estimated at 400SEK (approximate to 44(sic)) per adolescent. Results: Caries prevalence and caries increment in 15 year olds were significantly lower after the implementation of the programme. Group 2, without a programme, had the highest caries increment. The cost analysis showed that it was a break-even between costs and gains due to prevented fillings at the age of 15. Conclusions: This school-based fluoride varnish programme, implemented on a broad scale for all 12 to 15 year olds, contributed to a low caries increment at a low cost for the adolescents in the Vastra Gotaland Region in Sweden.
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| 7. |
- Bäck, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Occurrence of signs of osteoarthritis/arthrosis in the temporomandibular joint on panoramic radiographs in Swedish women
- 2017
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : Wiley. - 0301-5661. ; 45:5, s. 478-484
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To determine the prevalence and incidence of radiographic signs of osteoarthritis/osteoarthrosis (OA) in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) among middle-aged and older women. Methods: Data were collected from ongoing representative, longitudinal and repeated cross-sectional studies in Gothenburg, Sweden. Panoramic radiographs (PAN) have been taken regularly since 1968. The cohorts were systematically selected from the female population at the ages of 38, 50, 62 and 74. Condylar alterations indicative of OA (flattening/osteophyte/erosion) were evaluated in a total of 5234 PANs by one examiner under standardized conditions. Intra-examiner reliability was good. Sensitivity was poor, and specificity was acceptable in relation to computed tomography. Results: The prevalence of signs of OA in the TMJ was 18% on panoramic radiographs at the age of 38, gradually increasing with age. At the age of 62, the prevalence was 38%, and it was stable around 45% in the older age groups. The highest incidence rate of OA was between the ages of 55 and 65. Bilateral OA was uncommon. Flattening was the most prominent finding. Conclusion: The prevalence of signs of OA in the TMJ, including remodeling, evaluated on panoramic radiographs in representative cohorts of women, increases substantially with age. Around one in every five middle-aged women and almost every second woman of older ages can be expected to have some radiographic alteration in the TMJ. The highest proportion with new findings of OA is to be found among older middle-aged women.
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| 8. |
- Bäck, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Relation between osteoporosis and radiographic and clinical signs of osteoarthritis/arthrosis in the temporomandibular joint: a population-based, cross-sectional study in an older Swedish population.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Gerodontology. - : Wiley. - 1741-2358 .- 0734-0664. ; 34:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to elucidate the relation between osteoporosis and osteoarthritis/arthrosis (OA) in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).General epidemiological data support the hypothesis that osteoporosis and OA are inversely correlated but is not conclusively investigated in the TMJ.A group of 114 representative elderly women and men, randomised from a comprehensive population study in Gothenburg, Sweden, had bone mineral density established with whole-body, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as part of a health survey. In addition, dental examinations were performed, including panoramic radiographs exposed as an overview of the TMJ's and jaws. In 88 of the 80-year-old participants (48 women and 40 men), a clinical orofacial examination according to the RDC/TMD system was performed.A diagnosis of osteopenia/osteoporosis was found in 36% of the 114, with a statistically different greater proportion of women. Condylar alterations evaluated from panoramic radiographs were observed in 34%, with no significant gender difference. No significant differences were found in the proportion of individuals with osteopenia/osteoporosis and any condylar radiographic alteration or not. Forty-one of the clinically examined subjects, 47%, fulfilled the criteria for an RDC/TMD diagnosis with no gender difference. All participants graded the orofacial pain as low chronic pain. An opening capacity of <40 mm denoted a higher risk of having pain in the temporomandibular system. No association was found between clinical diagnosis of RDC/TMD and osteopenia/osteoporosis.The prevalence of osteopenia/osteoporosis appears not to be of importance for radiological or clinical findings of OA in the TMJ.
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| 9. |
- Carlsson, Viktor, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Associations between dental anxiety, sense of coherence, oral health-related quality of life and health behaviour - a national Swedish cross-sectional survey
- 2015
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Ingår i: Bmc Oral Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6831. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Dental anxiety (DA) is a common condition associated with avoidance of dental care and subsequent health-related and psychosocial outcomes, in what has been described as the vicious circle of DA. Also, recent studies have found an association between the psychosocial concept of sense of coherence (SOC) and DA. More studies are needed to verify the relationship between DA and SOC, especially using population-based samples. There is also a need for studies including factors related to the vicious circle of DA, such as oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), in order to further establish the correlates of DA in the general population. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between DA and SOC, OHRQoL and health-related behaviour in the general Swedish population. Methods: The survey included a randomly selected sample of the adult Swedish population (N = 3500, age 19 - 96 years.). Data was collected by means of telephone interviews. Dental anxiety was measured with a single question. The SOC measure consisted of three questions conceptualising the dimensions of the SOC: comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness. The data collection also included the five-item version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-5), as a measure of OHRQoL, as well as questions on oral health-related behaviour and socioeconomic status. Statistical analyses were made with descriptive statistics and inference testing using Chi-square, t - test and logistic regression. Results: High DA was associated with low OHRQoL, irregular dental care and smoking. There was a statistically significant relationship between the SOC and DA in the bivariate, but not in the multivariate, analyses. Dental anxiety was not associated with oral health-related behaviour or socioeconomic status. Conclusions: This cross-sectional national survey gives support to the significant associations between high dental anxiety, avoidance of dental care and health-related outcomes, which may further reinforce the model of a vicious circle of dental anxiety. The results further indicate a weak relationship between dental anxiety and sense of coherence.
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| 10. |
- Geraets, Wil, et al.
(författare)
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Predicting fractures using trabecular patterns on panoramic radiographs.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Clinical oral investigations. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1436-3771 .- 1432-6981. ; 22:1, s. 377-384
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The observer score of the trabecular pattern on panoramic radiographs is known to be a strong predictor of bone fractures. The aim of this study was to enhance the predictive power of panoramic radiographs by means of texture analysis methods.The study followed 304 postmenopausal women during 26 years. At the beginning of the study, panoramic radiographs were obtained. One observer assessed the trabecular pattern in the premolar region as dense, sparse, or alternating dense and sparse. In addition, on each radiograph, a region of interest was selected in the molar/premolar region and analyzed with texture analysis procedures. During 26 years of follow-up, 115 women suffered a fracture of the hip, spine, leg, or arm. Logistic regression was applied to test the predictive power of various variables with respect to fractures.Of all variables, the observer score of the trabecular pattern correlated strongest with the occurrence of fractures. By itself, the score yielded an ROC curve with an area of 0.80 under the curve. Combining the observer score with the texture analysis features increased the area under the ROC curve to 0.85.The trabecular pattern on panoramic radiographs provides a strong predictor of fractures, at least for postmenopausal women. The assessment by an observer combined with texture analysis procedures yields a predictive power that parallels best known predictions in literature.This study illustrates that panoramic radiographs are state of the art predictors of postcranial fractures.
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