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| 3. |
- Choularton, T. W., et al.
(författare)
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The Great Dun Fell Cloud Experiment 1993 : An overview
- 1997
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Environment. - 1352-2310. ; 31:16, s. 2393-2405
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 1993 Ground-based Cloud Experiment on Great Dun Fell used a wide range of measurements of trace gases, aerosol particles and cloud droplets at five sites to study their sources and sinks especially those in cloud. These measurements have been interpreted using a variety of models. The conclusions add to our knowledge of air pollution, acidification of the atmosphere and the ground, eutrophication and climate change. The experiment is designed to use the hill cap cloud as a flow-through reactor, and was conducted in varying levels of pollution typical of much of the rural temperate continental northern hemisphere in spring-time.
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| 5. |
- Baker, T. C., et al.
(författare)
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Identification and bioassay of sex pheromone components of carob moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller)
- 1991
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Ecology. - 0098-0331. ; 17:10, s. 1973-1988
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three sex pheromone components of the carob moth were isolated and identified from the extract of female pheromone glands, using a variety of techniques including coupled gas chromatographic-electroantennographic recordings, coupled gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis, microozonolysis, electroantennographic assays of monounsaturated standards, wind-tunnel bioassays, and field trials. The major component was identified as (Z,E)-9,11,13-tetradecatrienal, a novel lepidopterous pheromone component structure. Two minor components, either one of which improves the upwind flight response of males when blended with the major component, were identified as (Z,E)-9,11-tetradecadienal, and (Z)-9-tetra-decenal.
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- Fuzzi, S., et al.
(författare)
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The Po Valley Fog Experiment 1989
- 1992
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Ingår i: Tellus. Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology. - : Stockholm University Press. - 0280-6509. ; 44:5, s. 448-468
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An outline is presented here of the Po Valley Fog Experiment 1989, carried out within the EUROTRAC‐GCE project. This experiment is a joint effort by several European research groups from 5 countries. The physical and chemical behaviour of the fog multiphase system was studied experimentally following the temporal evolution of the relevant chemical species in the different phases (gas, droplet, interstitial aerosol) and the evolution of micrometeorological and microphysical conditions, from the pre‐fog situation through the whole fog evolution, to the post‐fog period. Some general results, useful for describing the general features of the fog system, are presented here, while specific scientific questions on the different processes taking place within the system itself will be addressed in other companion papers of this same issue.
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- Hansson, L. A., et al.
(författare)
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Variation in physical, chemical and biological components in the subantarctic lakes of South Georgia
- 1996
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Ingår i: Ecography. - : Wiley. - 0906-7590. ; 19:4, s. 393-403
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Physical, chemical and biological variables were quantified in 19 subantarctic lakes (South Georgia) as a prelude to comparing these pristine systems with temperate lakes and to improve the knowledge of spatial and temporal variation in water chemistry and abundances of organisms. Lakes close to the sea had higher phosphorus concentrations, contained higher abundances of most organisms, and had higher number of invertebrate species than lakes situated further from the sea. Differences were attributed to higher nutrient input from marine organisms, such as penguins, seals and petrels, and probably also to a somewhat longer ice-free period. Since the lakes of South Georgia lack fish, the pelagic invertebrate fauna is dominated by herbivorous macrozooplankton. Rotifers are rare in the open water and are restricted to the vegetation (mainly mosses) in shallow areas and to the sediment surface. Generally, the algal abundance at the sediment surface is high in subantarctic lakes, indicating that the main part of the primary production is provided by benthic algae, which is in contrast to what is normally the case in temperate waters.
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- Ni, W.-X., et al.
(författare)
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δ-function-shaped Sb-doping profiles in Si(001) obtained using a low-energy accelerated-ion source during molecular-beam epitaxy
- 1992
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. - 0163-1829. ; 46:12, s. 7551-7558
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two-dimensional (2D) buried delta-function-shaped Sb-doping profiles have been obtained in Si using a low-energy accelerated Sb-ion source during molecular-beam epitaxy. A combination of secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements, and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM) was used to investigate dopant distributions and to determine profile widths. The 2D-sheet Sb-doping concentration N(Sb), obtained by integrating SIMS delta-doping profiles in samples grown with substrate temperature T(s) = 620-degrees-C and Sb-ion acceleration potentials V(Sb) = 200 and 300 V, was found to vary linearly with the product of the Sb-ion flux and the exposure time (i.e., the ion dose) over the N(Sb) range from 5 X 10(12) to 2 X 10(14) cm-2. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) concentration of 8-doping profiles in Si(001) films was less than the depth resolution of both SIMS and C-V measurements (approximately 10 and 3 nm, respectively). High-resolution XTEM lattice images show that the FWHM was less-than-or-equal-to 2 nm. This is consistent with dopant incorporation simulations, based upon a multisite transition-state dopant incorporation model, which show that accelerated-beam dopant species are trapped in near-surface substitutional sites with atomic mobilities between those of surface and bulk atoms. Dopant surface segregation during growth is strongly suppressed, and the dopant distribution is determined primarily by the straggle in ion trapping distributions. The present results are compared with profile broadening observed in 8-doped layers obtained by solid-phase epitaxy of amorphous Si containing a buried Sb layer.
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- Olsson, Martin L, et al.
(författare)
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The Fy(x) phenotype is associated with a missense mutation in the Fy(b) allele predicting Arg89Cys in the Duffy glycoprotein
- 1998
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Ingår i: British Journal of Haematology. - : Wiley. - 0007-1048. ; 103:4, s. 1184-1191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The molecular basis of the three major alleles (Fy(a)/Fy(b)/Fy) of the Duffy (FY) blood group system has recently been established but the Fy(x) phenotype associated with weak expression of the Fy(b) and other FY antigens is poorly understood. In the Fy(x) genes of five unrelated British and Swedish donors with the Fy(a+b+weak) phenotype we found two missense mutations predicting amino acid changes Arg89Cys and Ala100Thr in the FY glycoprotein. The same mutations were found in two Fy(a-b+weak) samples from individuals of Swedish and Algerian origin. Their red blood cells showed a marked decrease in Fy(b), Fy3 and Fy6 expression measured by routine serology and flow cytometry. The rare FY genotypes Fy(x)Fy(x) and Fy(x)Fy were confirmed by family studies and DNA sequencing. Screening by allele-specific primer PCR (ASP-PCR) for these mutations among 100 Caucasian and 100 Black random blood donors indicated allele frequencies of 2.5% and 0% respectively. Ala100Thr alone was present in 33% of the Caucasians (but none of the Blacks) with no weakening of FY expression. A novel allele at the FY locus associated with the Fy(x) phenotype was studied. Mistyping of this weak Fy(b) antigen in clinical transfusion medicine may lead to delayed haemolytic transfusion reactions in immunized patients. A potential role for genomic typing is proposed.
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