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| 2. |
- Broms, Lovisa, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Stable Cultures in Cyberspace : a study about equestrians’ use of social media as knowledge platforms
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Sport Studies Forum. - : Malmö universitet. - 2000-088X. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New media habits in the era of digitalization challenge previous understandings of who and what receives media coverage. Research shows that practitioners in self-organized lifestyle sports consistently use social media to attain and exchange information and knowledge about their sport. Is this also the case in organized sport? The Internet has become a great resource for horse-enthusiasts and the online horse world can be described as an extension of the physical horse world. Equestrian sport is particularly interesting to analyze due to the fact that there is an animal involved. Still, there is little knowledge of how horse enthusiasts use social media in relation to their interest in equestrian sports. The aim of this article is therefore to chart and analyze how equestrians use social media, how they communicate horse-related content on social media, and how social media can be seen as a source for knowledge exchange. Our investigation focuses on how equestrians use social media to acquire information about horses, and how this usage can be explained in connection to age and experience. A mixed methods design is used and data is collected from 28 focus group interviews with equestrians in Sweden and Norway and a survey with 1,628 respondents. Our study indicates that practitioners of self-organized sports are not unique in using social network sites (SNS) to exchange and attain knowledge about their sport; equestrians in general are shown to be frequent users of SNS such as Facebook and Instagram. Although our results show a few significant differences in SNS use in relation to age; the riders in the different age groups have surprisingly similar views of their SNS use in relation to attaining information about the horse. ‘Stable cultures’ and the organized structure of equestrian sports appear to create boundaries determining where a ‘good equestrian’ should seek information about horse-keeping. However, the organized structure and traditional nature of this sport do not stop equestrians from turning to SNS.
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| 3. |
- Gjesdal, Siv, et al.
(författare)
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Engaging Minority Girls in Organized Youth Sport in Norway : A Case Study of a Project That Worked
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Sports and Active Living. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2624-9367. ; 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sport participation is considered a positive pastime endower that can offer a range of positive outcomes for children and youths. It has also increasingly been recognized as a potentially important context for fostering social inclusion for minority youths. Yet across Europe, minority girls are participating in sport to a lesser degree than their majority counterparts. Using self-determination theory (SDT) and the social ecological model as the framework, this study explored the reasons why a particular project aimed at recruiting minority girls to organized team sport succeeded in doing just that. A case study design was adopted to provide an in-depth analysis of how this project satisfied the basic psychological needs of minority girls. Nine girls, four parents, two coaches, and two project team members were interviewed about the project and sport participation in general. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Two main themes were identified, a sense of being facilitated and inclusion in the sport environment. The former emphasized the importance of aligning the participation with the girls' cultural norms and values, particularly in the beginning. It also included practical issues such as finances, reminding us that participation in sport is not just a motivational issue. The latter focused on the importance of including the girls in the general sports program, regardless of their athletic abilities at the onset of their participation and creating a mastery environment. Moreover, by removing remediable differences between the minority and majority girls, such as having the right equipment, seemed important to fostering a sense of belonging in the sports club. Additionally, establishing meaningful relationships with coaches and majority counterparts seemed to be a major motivating factor.
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| 4. |
- Heck, Sandra, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of the History of Sport. - : Routledge. - 0952-3367 .- 1743-9035. ; 38:15, s. 1517-1519
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Hedenborg, Susanna, et al.
(författare)
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Equestrian
- 2020
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Ingår i: Routledge Handbook of Global Sport. - : Routledge. - 9781032337234 - 9781138887237 - 9781315714264 ; , s. 289-301
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this chapter is to map and analyse the use of horses in sport using Allen Guttmann’s definition of modern sport. This chapter will focus especially on women’s entrance into different events, in congruence with Guttmann’s characteristic of “equality”, which demands that nobody is excluded from participation in sports due to factors such as age, social class, ethnicity, gender and (dis)ability. It will be argued that equestrianism can only be defined as modern sport, in Guttmann’s sense of the concept, if men and women, able-bodied/disabled persons, members of all social classes, and non-majority ethnicities can partake in competitions. In this chapter, the analysis will be limited to horse racing, equestrian competitive activities organized by Fédération Equestre Internationale (FEI) and Olympic events. These sport activities emerged as masculine activities, practised by men. This chapter will analyse the point at which they were opened to women, and the circumstances leading to gender inclusivity, also tentatively discussing gender constructions in the different sports.
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| 6. |
- Hedenborg, Susanna, et al.
(författare)
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The Emergence of the Swedish Horse-Riding School from the Mid-Twentieth Century
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of the History of Sport. - : Routledge. - 0952-3367 .- 1743-9035. ; 38:6, s. 607-630
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Up until the end of the nineteenth century, horse-riding in Sweden was primarily practiced by army men and members of the upper class. Today, horse-riding is one of the most popular sports for children and young people. A majority of riders are girls and women, many of whom learn how to ride at horse-riding schools. An explaining factor behind this development, through which a sport practiced by adults in the army became a grassroot sport for girls, is the public support for the emerging new horse-riding schools for leisure riding from the second half of the twentieth century until today. Public support and its consequences distinguish Swedish equestrian sports and the activities of the riding schools from horse-riding activities in many other countries. Childification and feminization are linked to changes in the status of the horses, who was responsible for the activities, ideas on formal and informal education and learning, and what the activities comprised.
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| 7. |
- Larneby, Marie, 1978-
(författare)
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Vi och de Andra : Om idrott, genus och normer på en idrottsprofilerad högstadieskola
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this dissertation is to describe and problematize normative patterns related to sport and gender at a sport’s profiled secondary school,and discuss what consequences these patterns may have for student-athletes. The dissertation has an ethnographic approach and the empirical data was collected through observations and semi-structured interviews. I have followed one cohort of 78 student-athletes during their three years at thestudied school (grade 7–9), of which 29 were interviewed. In addition, seven members of the staff were interviewed. I chose to follow the sport groups in tennis, floorball, football for boys, football for girls and lessons in physical education and health (PEH). This dissertation project was guided by the theoretical frameworks provided by gender theories: gender as a social institution (Lorber, 1994), the process of othering (Puwar, 2004; Pickering, 2001), and inclusive masculinity (Anderson, 2009). In addition, sport related logics and norms of performance and competition was utilized as theoretical tools (Engström, 2010; SOU 2008:59).The main results are that there were two main normative patterns related to sport and gender that prevailed at the studied school: the logic of performance and competition, and a gender norm stating that boys are better than girls. These patterns were resilient but also faced deviations and resistance. Sport occupied a significant space at this school. Socialization of performance and competition, with admittance through selection and early specialization directed the organization of the profile and its practice, but also the student-athletes’ attitudes, behaviors and actions. The logic of performance was often expressed as a sound comparison and competition that functioned as an incentive for motivation and a strategy for improvement, and was regarded as an inherent part of sport. However, comparison and competition were used as a stratifying instrument in order to rank oneself higher in the school’s internal hierarchy. Moreover, students-athletes testified to the presence of an expectation of a certain kind of engagement, focus, attendance, level of ambition and attitude towards sports. When one or more of these expectations were not met, due to for instance injuries, decreased motivation or lack of interest, the student-athletes felt that they (or peers at the school) deviated from the normative position as an ideal student-athlete. Within this sport centered school, a gender norm stating that boys are better than girls prevailed. This norm was produced, reproduced and confirmed in the daily school sport activities as well as inthe classroom setting. An active differentiation lead to a general stratification, which resulted in a construction of boys and girls being different athletes who were explained being not equally skilled, and that boys’ sport is valued more then girls’. This differentiation and stratification was a result of the logics of performance and competition, with a need to compare boys and girls although they never competed against each other, they only trained together. However, when student-athletes talked of themselves at an individual level, there was less emphasis on gender. The athletic skills strength, speed and technique were demanded, and it was often expected that girls were to adopt boys’ way to do sports. It contradicts and simultaneously challenges the gender norm that boys are better than girls are. To conclude: since competition and comparison was a strong logic, it was directed inwards towards peers and a constructed meaning of status within the bigger school group. In addition, gender produced another dimension of stratification between athletes, which should be of no value in organized competition as boys and girls almost never compete against each other. However, at this school, gender differentiation and stratification got a lot of attention because it was constructed to be of significance.Norms, values and logics from the world of sports had entered school and established a normative system that produced a student-athlete and a school sport profile that was an extension of organized sport.
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| 8. |
- Lindberg, Matilda, et al.
(författare)
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“It’s fun but at the same time difficult” : Experiences of and perspectives on children’s participation in decision-making processes in Physical Education and Health
- 2021
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Ingår i: Forskning og Forandring. - : Cappelen Damm Akademisk. - 2535-5279. ; 4:2, s. 128-147
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Swedish compulsory school education rests upon the foundation of democracy, and the Curriculum for the compulsory school, preschool class and school-age educare 2011 (Skolverket, 2018) stresses that children should have the opportunity to take initiatives. Research shows that children are not able to have any influence on activities in Physical Education and Health (PEH). Usually, they have to follow the teacher’s instructions and reproduce specific movement patterns. This article discusses a research project that challenged traditional ways of teaching PEH, in order to give 10-year-old children the opportunity to have an influence on PEH. The project involved 10 circus lessons in which the children were encouraged to explore movement and put their own ideas into practice. In terms of theory, the approach is based on Hart’s (1997) Ladder of Children’s Participation. Data were collected through participant observations, video observations, interviews, and a field diary. The results show that the children participated in varying degrees and experienced attempts to increase their influence in different ways: Some found it fun and free, while others found it difficult and boring. One important conclusion is that influence and participation need to be practised – both by children and by teachers. Circus activities, because of the playfulness and creativity involved, may be very suited to practising influence and participation.
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| 9. |
- Mashreghi, Sepandarmaz
(författare)
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Decolonial re-existence and sports : stories of Afghan youth in Sweden
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the context of sports and migration, research within policy-driven themes (i.e., integration) have consistently flattened out the migrants’ experiences, meanings and understandings of sports and physical activity to make sense for and from Euro-centric perspectives and framings. Thus, muting other relevant, alternative and already existing ways of living sports and physical activity. Critical sports studies, on the other hand, have demonstrated that sports (and physical activity) remain a contested domain where various human experiences are negotiated and remade along the intersecting lines of class, gender, sexuality, race, ethnicity, legal status and (dis)ability. The aim in this study has been to work within a decolonial framework to demonstrate how migrant youth in Sweden navigate, experience, challenge and generate knowledge in relation to physical activity and sports.Doing decolonial research in sports studies means delinking from Eurocentric thought and epistemology in order to uncover alternative forms of physical culture and practice that generate different meanings to that of the (Western) hegemonic discourse. To do this, we, the youth and I, have worked and researched together within the framework of participatory art-based action research and our shared Khorasani epistemology. This means that the coresearchers have been active participants in generating research material, analysing the material and disseminating the generated knowledge. Grounded in Indigenous, borderland, Chicana and Black feminist knowldeges as well decolonial thought, this thesis contributes both theoretically and methodologically to the field of sport and exercise in relation to young asylum seekers and migration research. The participatory analysis demonstrates that for the Afghan youth in this study sport and physical activity was not a distinct entity, rather it was intertwined with various aspects of their lives, such as their experiences of child labour, pleasures, hopes for the future, leisure, social and mental aspects, and migration experiences. Furthermore, the youth revealed that despite various forms of oppression, trauma and hardship, they constantly returned, or rather, reclaimed life and future in their acts of self-reflection, friendship, love and hope within the context of sport and life. They, thus, moved beyond the mere resistance of the precarities in their lives to bring about a re-existence. The findings of this thesis also highlight the affordances and limitations of participatory methods, art-based research and decolonising work. Although the participatory methods grounded in the epistemology of the youth (and myself), allowed us to reclaim and tell our stories in our ways, they fell short in making lasting systemic transformations. These limitations also give rise to new questions and possibilities for future research in relation to how change and transformation are defined and researched; and whether these definitions are somewhat limiting and influenced by the colonial rhetoric of salvation underlining participatory action research basic principles of empowerment and critical consciousness.
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| 10. |
- Norberg, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Sport in Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: Time Out. - : Common Ground Publishing. - 9780949313430 ; , s. 15-28
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the global lockdown following COVID-19, Sweden stands out as a deviant case. While most countries in Europe imposed severe restrictions on their citizens, measures in Sweden were comparatively moderate and aimed at balancing constraints with openness. In this chapter, we paint a broad picture of the consequences of the COVID-19 crisis for Swedish sports, outdoor recreation, and physical activity on both macro and micro levels. At the macro level, we show how the Swedish government’s measures to limit the spread of COVID-19 affected the conditions for sports and physical activity. Furthermore, we analyze governmental aid to sports organizations and how these actions were received by the Swedish Sports Confederation (SSC). On the micro level, we provide examples of how the pandemic affected individuals with regards to leadership, sports, physical activity, and outdoor recreation.
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