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- Ahnlund, Petra, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence and correlates of sexual, physical, and psychological violence against women and men of 60 to 74 years in Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Interpersonal Violence. - Thousand Oaks : Sage Publications. - 0886-2605 .- 1552-6518. ; 35:5-6, s. 1539-1561
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Past-year sexual, physical, and psychological violence against women and men aged 60 to 74 years was studied. The data derived from a nationally representative survey on violence in which approximately 2,800 women and men aged 60 to 74 years in Sweden participated. Women were significantly more likely to have been subjected to at least one form of violence in the past year. The prevalence of sexual violence as well as systematic and repeated psychological violence was found to be significantly higher for women than for men. Sexual violence was the most common form of violence against women. Systematic and repeated psychological violence was the most common form of violence against men. Additional gender differences were found in relation to victim characteristics. While associations among women were found between violence victimization and sociodemographic characteristics, health as well as social capital, only health-related characteristics were found to be associated with past-year violence victimization among men. Among women, economic problems, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, lack of trust in other people, and not having anyone to talk to were associated with violence victimization. Poor psychological health and an at-risk consumption of alcohol were found to be associated with violence victimization among men. The results highlight the importance of research on violence victimization to assess gender differences also when inquiring into the situation among persons in older generations. The results also indicate practical implications for caring professions; the need to inquire into the experiences of violence among older persons and to pay particular attention to these characteristics when encountering women and men in this age interval.
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| 3. |
- Öberg, Mariella, 1970-
(författare)
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Exposed to Violence
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Violence against women is a crime against human rights and a major global public health issue affecting the lives of millions of girls and women worldwide. Exposure to violence poses a threat to health, both in the short and the long term. To minimize the devastating consequences of violence it is central to identify girls and women who have been exposed and to find possible risk factors that may serve as targets for prevention efforts.The main aims of this thesis were to study the prevalence of sexual, physical and psychological violence among women in Sweden and to explore possible associations to violence and polyvictimization during childhood as well as sociodemographic factors.In a family planning unit, 1226 women seeking either termination of pregnancy or contraceptive counseling were recruited to answer questions about different types of violence. Of the women seeking termination of pregnancy, 29% reported experiences of intimate partner violence, compared to 22% of women seeking contraceptive counseling. Of all the women attending a family planning unit, 27% reported lifetime experiences of sexual violence.A survey containing questions about lifetime experiences of sexual, physical and/or psychological violence was sent to a national sample of 10 000 women and 10 000 men. Lifetime experiences of at least one type of severe violence were reported by over 50% of both women and men. Sexual violence was more than three times more common among women compared to men.Rape/attempted rape in adulthood was more common among women who were single, had college-level education and those who had been unemployed or had received social welfare payments.Exposure to sexual, physical and psychological violence in childhood was highly associated with rape/attempted rape in adulthood among the women respondents.Conclusion: Lifetime experiences of violence are common among women in Sweden. Multiple exposure to violence during childhood is the most potent risk factor for exposure to sexual violence in adulthood. The findings underscore the importance of detecting individuals who have been exposed in order to offer help, and may contribute to the development of effective prevention programs, especially among children and adolescents.
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| 4. |
- Öberg, Mariella, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Lifetime experiences of violence against women and men in Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : Sage Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 49:3, s. 301-308
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The aims of this cross-sectional study were to examine the prevalence of lifetime exposure to sexual, physical and psychological violence among a representative sample of women and men in Sweden, and to analyze if there were gender differences regarding the types of violence the participants were exposed to and by whom it was perpetrated.Methods: A survey containing questions about lifetime experiences of sexual, physical and psychological violence was sent to a national sample of 10,000 women and 10,000 men aged 18-74; 56.8% of the women and 46.5% of the men agreed to participate.Results: Sexual violence in childhood was reported by 26.4% of women and 22.1% experienced sexual violence in adulthood. Among men, 11% disclosed experiences of sexual violence in childhood and 4.5% in adulthood. Physical violence was experienced by 39.3% of women in childhood and by 18.8% as adults, often by a present or former partner. Among men, 59.3% were exposed to physical violence during childhood, often by a peer, and 20.4% as adults. Psychological violence in childhood was experienced by 58.1% of women in childhood and by 21.8% in adulthood. Among male respondents, 69.2% reported experiences of physiological violence in childhood, often by a peer, and 9.4% in adulthood.Conclusions: Lifetime violence exposure is common in the Swedish population. Though it affects both women and men, the patterns of type of violence and perpetrators are different. The results suggest that violence prevention early in life is important to target.
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| 5. |
- Öberg, Mariella, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Sexual violence against women in Sweden : Associations with combined childhood violence and sociodemographic factors
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : Sage Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 49:3, s. 292-300
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: This cross-sectional, population-based study aimed to investigate the prevalence of violence polyvictimization during childhood and sexual violence in adulthood among women, and how childhood violence exposure and sociodemographic factors associate with women’s risk of experiencing sexual violence in adulthood.Methods: A survey regarding lifetime experiences of sexual, physical and psychological violence was sent to a national sample of 10,000 women aged 18–74 years, of which 56% participated. Data were analysed using Chi-square analyses and logistic regression.Results: Sexual violence before 18 years of age was reported by 16.3% and rape/attempted rape in adulthood by 10.2% of the women. In univariate analyses, sexual, physical, and psychological violence during childhood was associated with rape/attempted rape in adulthood (odds ratio 4.5, confidence interval 3.2–6.2; odds ratio 2.5, confidence interval 1.3–4.6; and odds ratio 2.5, confidence interval 1.8–3.2, respectively). Associations were stronger for combined exposure to sexual and physical (odds ratio 5.5, confidence interval 2.5–12.3), sexual and psychological (odds ratio 9.2, confidence interval 6.7–12.8) or sexual, physical, and psychological violence (odds ratio 14.1, confidence interval 10.4–19.2) during childhood. Rape/attempted rape after 18 years of age was more common among women who were single, those with college-level education and those who had been unemployed or had received social welfare payments. Most associations remained relatively unchanged when including all exposure and background variables in multivariate analyses.Conclusions: Although several of the sociodemographic factors studied showed significant associations, multiple exposure to violence during childhood was found to be the most potent risk factor for sexual violence in adulthood among adult women.
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