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Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Hoffmann Wolfgang) srt2:(2015)"

Sökning: WFRF:(Hoffmann Wolfgang) > (2015)

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1.
  • Shungin, Dmitry, et al. (författare)
  • New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution.
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 518:7538, s. 187-378
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Body fat distribution is a heritable trait and a well-established predictor of adverse metabolic outcomes, independent of overall adiposity. To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of body fat distribution and its molecular links to cardiometabolic traits, here we conduct genome-wide association meta-analyses of traits related to waist and hip circumferences in up to 224,459 individuals. We identify 49 loci (33 new) associated with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and an additional 19 loci newly associated with related waist and hip circumference measures (P < 5 × 10(-8)). In total, 20 of the 49 waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI loci show significant sexual dimorphism, 19 of which display a stronger effect in women. The identified loci were enriched for genes expressed in adipose tissue and for putative regulatory elements in adipocytes. Pathway analyses implicated adipogenesis, angiogenesis, transcriptional regulation and insulin resistance as processes affecting fat distribution, providing insight into potential pathophysiological mechanisms.
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2.
  • Hoffmann, Alice, 1983, et al. (författare)
  • There’s a car coming? - Psychometric function for car pass-by in background noise based on simulated data
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Euronoise 2015, 10th European Congress on Noise Control Engineering. - 2226-5147. ; , s. 2417-2421
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • To detect an approaching car in background noise is an important aspect of traffic safety. Therefore itis essential to understand the determinants that makes people recognize an approaching car especiallywhen the cars become very quiet at low speeds as it is the case for electrical cars for instance. Moststudies on the detection of passenger cars in background noise are based on recorded signals. Thisrequires that suitable recordings are available both for the background sound as well as the test sound(i.e. the sound of the approaching vehicle). Due to the limited control of such situations the degreesof freedom to be varied in such experiments is limited as well. In the presented study a differentapproach has been employed. The utilized sounds are based on an auralization method that allowsfor simulating vehicle sounds including both tyre/road noise and propulsion noise. Single car eventscan thus be superposed to background sound with full control of all relevant parameters. The usedauralization method has in earlier studies been validated for giving good perceptual ratings comparedto recorded sounds. The method allows for evaluating the psychometric functions for single parametersand hopefully give a deeper understanding of the perceptual space for a car in background noise. Inthe present study the reaction time is measured for the detection of a car (test vehicle) passing byin the presence of background noise from a road with high traffic flow. The distance between the thepath of the test vehicle and the highly trafficked road is varied. All other parameters (i.e. car-type,road surface, speed, etc.) are kept constant. The study shows that there is a logarithmic relationbetween the response times and the distance between the the track of the test car and the road withhigh traffic volume. At the same time there is a linear relation between reaction time and signal tonoise ratio (i.e. the equivalent sound pressure level in relation to the background level).
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