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Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Holmström Mats) srt2:(2010-2013)"

Sökning: WFRF:(Holmström Mats) > (2010-2013)

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1.
  • Asplund, Monika Stenkvist, et al. (författare)
  • Chemotherapy in severe nasal polyposis - a possible beneficial effect? : A report of three cases
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Rhinology. - 0300-0729 .- 1996-8604. ; 48:3, s. 374-376
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Nasal polyposis is an inflammatory process of the nasal mucosa. Treatment has changed from surgery to an anti-inflammatory approach, but neither of these treatments addresses the underlying cause. Topical steroids and occasional use of systemic steroids in patients with nasal polyposis can frequently control the polypoid disease. In a few cases, when the disease is more aggressive, the repeated application of systemic steroids together with sinus surgery is required. Material and Methods: We present our experience with one case of rheumatoid arthritis and two cases with malignant diseases, all of which were treated with chemotherapy and were also accompanied by severe nasal polyposis. All of our patients had eosinophilic polypoid disease. Various chemotherapeutic treatment schemes were utilized. Results: During chemotherapy all three patients were markedly improved symptomatically including olfaction along with a significant reduction in their nasal polyposis. Duration of remission lasted for a few months in two cases and for three years, in a third case. Conclusion: This is the first report describing the successful treatment of severe nasal polyposis with chemotherapy. Based on this experience, we suggest a phase II trial with chemotherapy, preferably "low dose" methotrexate, in patients with severe nasal polyposis.
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2.
  • Austeng, Dordi, et al. (författare)
  • Incidence of and risk factors for neonatal morbidity after active perinatal care : extremely preterm infants study in Sweden (EXPRESS)
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 99:7, s. 978-992
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of neonatal morbidity in extremely preterm infants and to identify associated risk factors. Methods: Population based study of infants born before 27 gestational weeks and admitted for neonatal intensive care in Sweden during 2004-2007. Results: Of 638 admitted infants, 141 died. Among these, life support was withdrawn in 55 infants because of anticipation of poor long-term outcome. Of 497 surviving infants, 10% developed severe intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), 5.7% cystic periventricular leucomalacia (cPVL), 41% septicaemia and 5.8% necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC); 61% had patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and 34% developed retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) stage >= 3. Eighty-five per cent needed mechanical ventilation and 25% developed severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Forty-seven per cent survived to one year of age without any severe IVH, cPVL, severe ROP, severe BPD or NEC. Tocolysis increased and prolonged mechanical ventilation decreased the chances of survival without these morbidities. Maternal smoking and higher gestational duration were associated with lower risk of severe ROP, whereas PDA and poor growth increased this risk. Conclusion: Half of the infants surviving extremely preterm birth suffered from severe neonatal morbidities. Studies on how to reduce these morbidities and on the long-term health of survivors are warranted.
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4.
  • Ekenbäck, Andreas, et al. (författare)
  • Energetic neutral atoms around HD 209458b : estimations of magnetospheric properties
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - Bristol : Institute of Physics (IOP). - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 709:2, s. 670-679
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • HD 209458b is an exoplanet found to transit the disk of its parent star. Observations have shown a broad absorption signature about the Ly alpha stellar line during transit, suggesting the presence of a thick cloud of atomic hydrogen around the "hot Jupiter" HD 209458b. This work expands on an earlier work studying the production of energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) as a result of the interaction between the stellar wind and the exosphere. We present an improved flow model of HD 209458b and use stellar wind values similar to those in our solar system. We find that the ENA production is high enough to explain the observations, and we show that-using expected values for the stellar wind and exosphere-the spatial and velocity distributions of ENAs would give absorption in good agreement with the observations. We also study how the production of ENAs depends on the exospheric parameters and establish an upper limit for the obstacle standoff distance at approximately 4-10 planetary radii. Finally, we compare the results obtained for the obstacle standoff distance with existing exomagnetospheric models and show how the magnetic moment of HD 209458b can be estimated from ENA observations.
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5.
  • Fatemi, Shahab, et al. (författare)
  • The effects of lunar surface plasma absorption and solar wind temperature anisotropies on the solar wind proton velocity space distributions in the low-altitude lunar plasma wake
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research. - 0148-0227 .- 2156-2202. ; 117:10
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We study the solar wind proton velocity space distribution functions on the lunar nightside at low altitudes (∼100 km) above the lunar surface using a three-dimensional hybrid plasma solver, when the Moon is in the unperturbed solar wind. When the solar wind encounters a passive obstacle, such as the Moon, without any strong magnetic field and no atmosphere, solar wind protons that impact the obstacle's surface are absorbed and removed from the velocity space distribution functions. We show first that a hybrid model of plasma is applicable to study the low-altitude lunar plasma wake by comparing the simulation results with observations. Then we examine the effects of a solar wind bi-Maxwellian velocity space distribution function and the lunar surface plasma absorption on the solar wind protons' velocity space distribution functions and their entry in the direction parallel to the interplanetary magnetic field lines into the low-altitude lunar wake. We present a backward Liouville method for particle-in-cell solvers that improves velocity space resolution. The results show that the lunar surface plasma absorption and anisotropic solar wind velocity space distributions result in substantial changes in the solar wind proton distribution functions in the low-altitude lunar plasma wake, modifying proton number density, velocity, and temperature there. Additionally, a large temperature anisotropy is found at close distances to the Moon on the lunar nightside as a consequence of the lunar surface plasma absorption effect
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6.
  • Fatemi, Shahab, et al. (författare)
  • The lunar wake current systems
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Geophysical Research Letters. - : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 0094-8276 .- 1944-8007. ; 40:1, s. 17-21
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We present the lunar wake current systems when the Moon is assumed to be a non-conductive body, absorbing the solar wind plasma. We show that in the transition regions between the plasma void, the expanding rarefaction region, and the interplanetary plasma, there are three main currents flowing around these regions in the lunar wake. The generated currents induce magnetic fields within these regions and perturb the field lines there. We use a three-dimensional, self-consistent hybrid model of plasma (particle ions and fluid electrons) to show the flow of these three currents. First, we identify the different plasma regions, separated by the currents, and then we show how the currents depend on the interplanetary magnetic field direction. Finally, we discuss the current closures in the lunar wake.
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8.
  • Holmström, Mats, et al. (författare)
  • The interaction between the Moon and the solar wind
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Earth Planets and Space. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1343-8832 .- 1880-5981. ; 64:2, s. 237-245
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We study the interaction between the Moon and the solar wind using a three-dimensional hybrid plasma solver. The proton fluxes and electromagnetical fields are presented for typical solar wind conditions with different magnetic field directions. We find two different wake structures for an interplanetary magnetic field that is perpendicular to the solar wind flow, and for one that is parallell to the flow. The wake for intermediate magnetic field directions will be a mix of these two extreme conditions. Several features are consistent with a fluid interaction, e.g., the presence of a rarefaction cone, and an increased magnetic field in the wake. There are however several kinetic features of the interaction. We find kinks in the magnetic field at the wake boundary. There are also density and magnetic field variations in the far wake, maybe from an ion beam instability related to the wake refill. The results are compared to observations by the WIND spacecraft during a wake crossing. The model magnetic field and ion velocities are in agreement with the measurements. The density and the electron temperature in the central wake are not as well captured by the model, probably from the lack of electron physics in the hybrid model.
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9.
  • Holmström, Mats (författare)
  • The use of objective measures in selecting patients for septal surgery
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Rhinology. - 0300-0729 .- 1996-8604. ; 48:4, s. 387-393
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • To improve results in septal surgery, patient selection is the mainstay of a successful outcome. Patient history is the basis as well as clinical examination but both are subjective and must be considered towards a background with a high frequency of septal deviation in the population and a lack of good correlation between function and status. Rhinomanometry and acoustic rhinometry as well as nasal peak inspiratory flow are tests of different nasal parameters as resistance to breathing, nasal dimensions and flow. This article illuminates the use of these more objective tests in selection of patients for septoplasty. Objective tests have in several studies shown to predict postoperative satisfaction while normal values can be a marker for a poor surgical outcome. Pros and cons with objective tests are discussed and the conclusion is: operate when there is a good correlation between the patient's status, history and the results of rhinometry!
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10.
  • Lue, Charles, et al. (författare)
  • Strong influence of lunar crustal fields on the solar wind flow
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Geophysical Research Letters. - 0094-8276 .- 1944-8007. ; 38:3
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We discuss the influence of lunar magnetic anomalies on the solar wind and on the lunar surface, based on maps of solar wind proton fluxes deflected by the magnetic anomalies. The maps are produced using data from the Solar WInd Monitor (SWIM) onboard the Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft. We find a high deflection efficiency (average ∼10%, locally ∼50%) over the large-scale (>1000 km) regions of magnetic anomalies. Deflections are also detected over weak (<3 nT at 30 km altitude) and small-scale (<100 km) magnetic anomalies, which might be explained by charge separation and the resulting electric potential. Strong deflection from a wide area implies that the magnetic anomalies act as a magnetosphere-like obstacle, affecting the upstream solar wind. It also reduces the implantation rate of the solar wind protons to the lunar surface, which may affect space weathering near the magnetic anomalies.
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