| 1. |
- Adloff, C, et al.
(författare)
-
Measurement of D*(+/-) meson production and F-2(c) in deep-inelastic scattering at HERA
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - 0370-2693. ; 528:3-4, s. 199-214
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The inclusive production of D*+/-(2010) mesons in deep-inelastic scattering is studied with the HI detector at HERA. In the kinematic region 1 < Q(2) < 100 GeV2 and 0.05 < y < 0.7 an e(+) p cross section for inclusive D*+/- meson production of 8.50 +/- 0.42(stat.)(-100)(+1.21)(syst.) nb is measured in the visible range p(tD*) > 1.5 GeV and eta(D*) < 1.5. Single and double differential inclusive D*+/- meson cross sections are compared to perturbative QCD calculations in two different evolution schemes, The charm contribution to the proton structure, F-c(2)(x, Q(2)), is determined by extrapolating the visible charm cross section to the full phase space. This contribution is found to rise from about 10% at Q(2) = 1.5 GeV2 to more than 25% at Q(2) = 60 GeV2 corresponding to x values ranging from 5 x 10(-5) to 3 x 10(-3). (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Oku, T, et al.
(författare)
-
Modulated structure of Ag2SnO3 studied by high-resolution electron microscopy
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Acta Crystallographica. Section B: Structural Science. - 0108-7681. ; 56:3, s. 363-368
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The modulated structure of Ag2SnO3, disilver tin trioxide, was investigated by high-resolution electron microscopy and electron diffraction along four different directions. Electron diffraction showed an incommensurate one-dimensional modulated structure with a modulation wavevector of 1/6.4a*. High-resolution images showed a large number of superstructure domains with the size range 10-100 nm and orientations related by hexagonal rotation. The modulation was determined to be displacements along the c axis of the Ag atoms both in octahedral and linear coordination. An approximate structure model with a commensurate sixfold superstructure, with an orthorhombic cell (P2(1)2(1)2(1), a = 2.922, b = 1.267, c = 0.562 nm), is proposed. Calculated images and electron diffraction patterns, based on this model, agree well with experimental observations.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Berlow, E.L., et al.
(författare)
-
Interaction strengths in food webs : Issues and opportunities
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Journal of Animal Ecology. - : Wiley. - 0021-8790 .- 1365-2656. ; 73:3, s. 585-598
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1. Recent efforts to understand how the patterning of interaction strength affects both structure and dynamics in food webs have highlighted several obstacles to productive synthesis. Issues arise with respect to goals and driving questions, methods and approaches, and placing results in the context of broader ecological theory. 2. Much confusion stems from lack of clarity about whether the questions posed relate to community-level patterns or to species dynamics, and to what authors actually mean by the term 'interaction strength'. Here, we describe the various ways in which this term has been applied and discuss the implications of loose terminology and definition for the development of this field. 3. Of particular concern is the clear gap between theoretical and empirical investigations of interaction strengths and food web dynamics. The ecological community urgently needs to explore new ways to estimate biologically reasonable model coefficients from empirical data, such as foraging rates, body size, metabolic rate, biomass distribution and other species traits. 4. Combining numerical and analytical modelling approaches should allow exploration of the conditions under which different interaction strengths metrics are interchangeable with regard to relative magnitude, system responses, and species identity. 5. Finally, the prime focus on predator-prey links in much of the research to date on interaction strengths in food webs has meant that the potential significance of nontrophic interactions, such as competition, facilitation and biotic disturbance, has been largely ignored by the food web community. Such interactions may be important dynamically and should be routinely included in future food web research programmes.
|
|
| 7. |
- Gruvberger, C, et al.
(författare)
-
Sustainability concept for a newly built urban area in Malmo, Sweden
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Water Science and Technology. - 0273-1223. ; 47:7-8, s. 33-39
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- National goals regarding sustainable development from the Swedish government were decisive in the planning process when the newly built city district Western Harbour was established in the city of Malmo, Sweden. A systems analysis was used as a tool for evaluating different collection and treatment systems. This type of analysis does not include more subjective factors such as acceptance of organic fertilisers based on human waste and user acceptance of collection schemes. These aspects, however, will often determine the success of a technical solution. When the system for collection and treatment of solid organic waste and wastewater was designed, both subjective and objective factors were considered. This meant that a centralised solution for wastewater treatment was selected. In order to facilitate a more sustainable solution for sludge management a treatment process with recovery of phosphorus will have to be introduced. Organic waste is sorted out and treated in an anaerobic digestion process. Source sorting of solid organic waste has been difficult to implement in Sweden due to inadequate sorting discipline. As a consequence two relatively new systems are tested in the area. A comprehensive evaluation will be carried out during a period of two years.
|
|
| 8. |
- Jonsson, K., et al.
(författare)
-
Occurrence of nitrification inhibition in Swedish municipal wastewaters
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Water Research. - 0043-1354 .- 1879-2448. ; 34:9, s. 2455-2462
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The occurrence of substances inhibiting nitrification in Swedish municipal wastewaters was investigated using three methods: a screening method based on activated sludge and two pure culture methods based on Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter. Influent samples from 109 wastewater treatment plants collected every day during one specific week were investigated. The three test methods were also compared. The results of the screening method showed that about 60% of the plants received wastewater containing inhibitory substances, although only 4% had considerable inhibition (>20%). With the two pure culture methods, inhibition was found at about 45% of the plants investigated, with considerable inhibition found at 13% and 20% of the plants with the Nitrosomonas and the Nitrobacter methods, respectively. The limit of detection was determined to be 5% inhibition for the screening method, 11% inhibition for the Nitrosomonas method and 13% inhibition for the Nitrobacter method. The pure culture methods found more samples strongly inhibitory or stimulating than the screening method. The highest correlation between the inhibition results from the three methods was found between the screening method and the Nitrosomonas method. It was also shown for sludge from several activated sludge treatment plants, that they were adapted to the toxic compounds present in the influent. At high inhibition this acclimatisation was less pronounced. No correlation was found for any of the methods between the inhibition and parameters such as the size of the plant, the geographic location, the content of ammonia, COD or conductivity in the influent, the presence of leachate or the percentage of industrial wastewater in the influent, or types of industries in the catchment area. However, the constantly highest inhibition was found at a plant with a large number of different industries connected. Any clear pattern for the variation of inhibition during the week was not found.
|
|
| 9. |
- la Cour Jansen, Jes, et al.
(författare)
-
Digestion of sludge and organic waste in the sustainability concept for Malmo, Sweden
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Water Science and Technology. - 0273-1223. ; 49:10, s. 163-169
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Anaerobic digestion of sludge has been part of the treatment plant in Malmo for many years and several projects on optimisation of the digestion process have been undertaken in full scale as well as in pilot scale. In order to facilitate a more sustainable solution in the future for waste management,solid waste organic waste is sorted out from households for anaerobic treatment in a newly built city district. The system for treatment of the waste is integrated in a centralised solution located at the existing wastewater treatment plant. A new extension of the digester capacity enables separate as well as co-digestion of sludge together with urban organic waste from households, industry, restaurants, big kitchens, food stores, supermarkets, green markets etc. for biogas production and production of fertiliser. Collection and pre-treatment of different types of waste are in progress together with examination of biogas potential for different types of organic waste. Collection of household waste as well as anaerobic digestion in laboratory and pilot scale has been performed during the last year. It is demonstrated that organic household waste can be digested separately or in combination with sludge. In the latter case a higher biogas yield is found than should be expected from digestion of the two materials separately. Household waste from a system based on collection of organic waste from grinders could be digested at mesophilic conditions whereas digestion failed at thermophilic conditions.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
