| 11. |
- Bengtsson, Stina, 1971-, et al.
(author)
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Media and basic desires : An approach to measuring the mediatization of daily human life
- 2021
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In: Communications. - : Mouton de Gruyter. - 0341-2059 .- 1613-4087. ; 46:2, s. 275-296
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The extended reliance on media can be seen as one indicator of mediatization. But even though we can assume that the pervasive character of digital media essentially changes the way people experience everyday life, we cannot take these experiences for granted. There has recently been a formulation of three tasks for mediatization research; historicity, specificity and measurability, needed to empirically verify mediatization processes across time and space. In this article, we present a tool designed to handle these tasks, by measuring the extent to which people experience that media reach into the deeper layers of daily human life. The tool was tested in an empirical study conducted in Sweden in 2017. The results show that perceived media reliance is played out in relation to three types of basic desires: (1) (re)productive desires, (2) recognition desires, and (3) civic desires, and is socially structured and structuring. We argue this tool, in diachronic analyses, can measure one important aspect of mediatization.
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| 12. |
- Bennet, Louise, et al.
(author)
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Mortality in first- and second-generation immigrants to Sweden diagnosed with type 2 diabetes : a 10 year nationwide cohort study
- 2021
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In: Diabetologia. - : Springer. - 0012-186X .- 1432-0428. ; 64:1, s. 95-108
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aims/hypothesis: Non-Western immigrants to Europe are at high risk for type 2 diabetes. In this nationwide study including incident cases of type 2 diabetes, the aim was to compare all-cause mortality (ACM) and cause-specific mortality (CSM) rates in first- and second-generation immigrants with native Swedes.Methods: People living in Sweden diagnosed with new-onset pharmacologically treated type 2 diabetes between 2006 and 2012 were identified through the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register. They were followed until 31 December 2016 for ACM and until 31 December 2012 for CSM. Analyses were adjusted for age at diagnosis, sex, socioeconomic status, education, treatment and region. Associations were assessed using Cox regression analysis.Results: In total, 138,085 individuals were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes between 2006 and 2012 and fulfilled inclusion criteria. Of these, 102,163 (74.0%) were native Swedes, 28,819 (20.9%) were first-generation immigrants and 7103 (5.1%) were second-generation immigrants with either one or both parents born outside Sweden. First-generation immigrants had lower ACM rate (HR 0.80 [95% CI 0.76, 0.84]) compared with native Swedes. The mortality rates were particularly low in people born in non-Western regions (0.46 [0.42, 0.50]; the Middle East, 0.41 [0.36, 0.47]; Asia, 0.53 [0.43, 0.66]; Africa, 0.47 [0.38, 0.59]; and Latin America, 0.53 [0.42, 0.68]). ACM rates decreased with older age at migration and shorter stay in Sweden. Compared with native Swedes, first-generation immigrants with <= 24 years in Sweden (0.55 [0.51, 0.60]) displayed lower ACM rates than those spending >24 years in Sweden (0.92 [0.87, 0.97]). Second-generation immigrants did not have better survival rates than native Swedes but rather displayed higher ACM rates for people with both parents born abroad (1.28 [1.05, 1.56]).Conclusions/interpretation: In people with type 2 diabetes, the lower mortality rate in first-generation non-Western immigrants compared with native Swedes was reduced over time and was equalised in second-generation immigrants. These findings suggest that acculturation to Western culture may impact ACM and CSM in immigrants with type 2 diabetes but further investigation is needed.
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| 13. |
- Bernisson, Maud
(author)
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The Public Interest in the Data Society : Deconstructing the Policy Network Imaginary of the GDPR
- 2021
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- When Facebook censored the Pulitzer Prize-winning photograph The Napalm Girl, it provoked a global outcry. It also showed digital media’s ability to redefine freedom of expression and information. Redefining fundamental rights and freedoms involves drawing limits upon other fundamental freedoms and rights like the right to privacy. It is therefore crucial to study the changing role of the public interest, which ensures conditions for all to exercise fundamental freedoms and rights, including the right to privacy. This thesis aims at analysing definitions and uses of the public interest during the policymaking process of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The policymaking process is approached through the policy network theory (Rhodes, 2007). Policy network theory permits researchers to study norms and beliefs that drive stakeholders’ strategies to construct knowledge during the policymaking process. The construction of knowledge is influenced by a shared imaginary (Ricœur, 1984), which frames shared knowledge at the societal level. Metaphors permit tracing imaginaries. The public interest, as a metaphor defined during the policymaking process of the GDPR, enables the reconstruction of the policy network imaginary of the GDPR. I use two methods, the assessment of the degree of preference attainment (DPA) and the discourse-historical approach (DHA), which belongs to the field of critical discourse studies. Assessing DPA allows a comparison of key definitions in the texts produced during the policymaking process by different groups of actors—like Google and the European Commission—with corresponding definitions in the GDPR. The DHA permits the contextualization of definitional changes, the identification of power games within the policy network, and the reconstruction of the policy network imaginary.Results show that the policy network imaginary corresponds to a techno-economic ideology. This ideology underlies a preconceived context, the data society, and frames societal phenomena to regulate through beliefs and norms. This ideology is taking over the public interest ideology. Technological and economic determinism drove the design of the GDPR, which limits capacities to regulate and aligns with the interest of the dominant tech and economic actors. The member states favoured specific topics related to the public interest, like security, to be implemented at the EU level, at the expense of other topics, such as freedom of expression and information, to be implemented at the national level.
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| 14. |
- Carlson, Johan E., 1973-, et al.
(author)
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Modeling of the Stress-Strain Relationship of Rock Bolts from Ultrasound Data
- 2021
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In: 2021 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS). - : IEEE.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Load-bearing structural elements such as rock bolts and reinforcing bars (rebar) are ubiquitously present in both mining industries and in infrastructure projects, for securing tunnel walls and ceilings. Being able to detect and localize defects in previously installed rock bolts, or even quantitatively estimate the load they are taking, would be very valuable when planning maintenance and service. Unfortunately, there are no such techniques available today. Previous work shows that ultrasound, being a mechanical wave, is sensitive to mechanical changes in rock bolts. The ultrasound signature is, however, rather complex, and traditional modeling of the wave propagation rapidly becomes challenging. In this paper, we show that the ultrasound signature measured from a 3.2 m long dynamic rock bolt can be used to accurately determine the load applied to the bolt and the resulting elongation of the bolt. The method is based on training a Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) model to estimate the force an elongation from power spectra of backscattered ultrasound signatures.
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| 15. |
- Carlström, Eric, 1957, et al.
(author)
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Quasi-backsourcing in the Public Sector : The Challenge of Withdrawing from an Intertwined and Long-standing Relationship
- 2021
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In: International Journal of Public Administration. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0190-0692 .- 1532-4265. ; 46:4, s. 302-311
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study is to map the process involved in terminating a long-standing business relationship in a public context. It employed an exploratory study to interview 35 politicians, senior- and middle managers, ambulance- and dispatch centre staff and representatives of a regional alliance of patients. Growing criticism from a county council towards a contractor ended in a decision to bring services back in-house. However, terminating the contract failed and instead a state of quasi-backsourcing emerged. Only parts of the services were taken back in-house, with few reported benefits. The study suggests that caution is needed in relation to backsourcing services from a closely intertwined contractor.
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| 16. |
- Cassi, Xavier Fernandez, et al.
(author)
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Microbial communities and Food safety aspects of crickets (Acheta domestica) reared under controlled conditions
- 2020
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In: Journal of insects as food and feed. - 2352-4588. ; 6, s. 429-440
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In an approach combining microbiological culture methods with high-throughput sequencing, this study investigated the microbial communities (bacteria, moulds and yeasts) in Swedish-produced edible crickets (Acheta domesticus) reared in a controlled environment. The effects of different feeds on microbial loads and populations in crickets were also studied. The crickets used were third-generation offspring from wild-caught individuals from Sweden, which are adapted to grow in a laboratory environment. The efficiency of rinsing to decrease microbial load was evaluated not obtaining a significant decrease of plating counts for total aerobic counts (TAC) and Enterobacteriaceae. Crickets were divided into three batches and fed different diets (control feed, early-cut red clover hay (ECH), late-cut fresh red clover (LCF)) for 62 days. Bacterial numbers (TAC and Enterobacteriaceae) on whole raw crickets ranged between 7 and 8 log cfu/g. Pre-rinsing in water did not reduce these levels (P=0.19). All batches tested negative for the food-borne bacteria Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus and Clostridium perfringens. The mean mould count for crickets fed control feed was 2.8 log cfu/g, while the values for crickets fed ECH and LCF were 4.2 and 4.5 log cfu/g, respectively. The dominant bacterial communities were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, with Firmicutes and Proteobacteria dominating in crickets fed control feed, Firmicutes dominating in crickets fed LCF and Proteobacteria dominating in crickets fed ECH. Aspergillus flavus, a fungus that is capable of producing mycotoxins, was detected in control feed and ECH reared crickets. More work is needed to identify specific food-borne pathogens in edible crickets and establish possible bacterial quality reference values, as an important step in developing microbial quality and safety parameters to ensure consumer safety.
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| 17. |
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Culture, Creativity and Economy : Collaborative Practices, Value Creation and Spaces of Creativity
- 2021
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Editorial collection (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This book nuances our understanding of the contemporary creative economy by engaging with a set of three key tensions which emerged over the course of eight European Colloquiums on Culture, Creativity and Economy (CCE): 1) the tension between individual and collaborative creative practices, 2) the tension between tradition and innovation, and 3) the tension between isolated and interconnected spaces of creativity.Rather than focusing on specific processes, such as production, industries or locations, the tensions acknowledge and engage with the messy and restless nature of the creative economy. Individual chapters offer insights into poorly understood practices, locations and contexts such as co-working spaces in Berlin and rural Spain, creative businesses in Leicester and the role and importance of cultural intermediaries in creative economies within Africa. Others examine the nature of trans-local cultural flows, the evolving "field" of fashion, and the implications of social media and crowdfunding platforms.This book will be of interest to students, scholars and professionals researching the creative economy, as well as specific cultural and creative industries, across the humanities and social sciences.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Drott, Carl Johan, 1984-
(author)
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Influence of Islet-derived Factors in Islet Microcirculation and Endocrine Function
- 2020
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Diabetes mellitus is a disorder with complex pathology and is frequently associated with vascular complications. In the islet micro milieu locally generated factors may affect both the physiology and the morphology of the tissue. This thesis examines the impact of four different islet-derived factors; thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), ghrelin, Cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART) and irisin, and how they influence the endocrine pancreas.TSP-1 is an angiogenesis inhibitor. Islets from TSP-1 deficient mice were hypervascular, but with normal endocrine mass. Beta-cell dysfunction was present in islets of TSP-1 deficient mice, both in vivo and in vitro. When trying to reconstitute TSP-1 in islets of TSP-1 deficient animals through a transplantation model, adult islets failed to recover, showing the importance of TSP-1 for glucose stimulated insulin secretion and thereby glucose homeostasis.Ghrelin inhibited glucose stimulated insulin secretion and decreased the islet blood flow, while the ghrelin receptor antagonist GHRP-6 in fasted, but not fed, rats increased the islet blood flow fourfold and improved the peak insulin response to glucose. The ghrelin receptor GHS-R1α was identified in the alpha cells and the islet arterioles.CART selectively reduced the islet blood flow in the pancreas, and this effect was unaltered by simultaneous administration of an endothelin-A receptor antagonist. CART administration did not affect insulin release, neither in insulin release from isolated islets or in an intravenous glucose tolerance test. Irisin was confirmed located within the pancreatic islets predominately in the alpha-cells. Irisin reduced islet and white adipose tissue blood flow. Irisin was secreted as a response to increased glucose concentrations in vivo. Irisin had no direct effect on insulin secretion.In conclusion, all factors investigated proved to have roles locally in the endocrine pancreas. TSP-1 deficiency caused vascular morphological alterations, and chronic β-cell dysfunction. Ghrelin, CART and irisin all decreased islet blood flow. Ghrelin acted directly through its receptor GHS-R1α in islet arterioles, thereby restricting the insulin response to hyperglycemia, whereas for CART and irisin the specific mechanism continues to be unknown, without identification of a receptor. In order to reach full physiological understanding, the receptors for CART and irisin need to be identified. All four islet-derived factors hold potential for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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| 20. |
- Ekström, Ylva, 1971-, et al.
(author)
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En studie om att leda digitala transformationer i komplexa verksamheter : Institutionella normer, fysiska rum och digitala verktyg
- 2021
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Föreliggande rapport sammanfattar forskningsprojektet “Att leda digital transformation av fysiska rum” som genomförts av forskare vid Uppsala universitet i samverkan med tre partnerorganisationer: Uppsala stadsteater, Svenska Kyrkan, och en nordeuropeisk finanskoncern med huvudkontor i Sverige; projektet samfinansierades av Vinnova under åren 2019-2020. Projektets syfte var att utveckla kunskap om, och verktyg för förståelse av, hur det fysiska rummet och dess digitalisering påverkar interaktionen mellan aktörer bland annat med avseende på kommunikation, tillit och legitimitet. Projektet har genomförts som en komparativ studie av dessa tre tämligen skilda organisationer, som kommit olika långt i relation till digital transformation av deras respektive verksamheter. Forskarna har genomfört intervjuer och observationer på de tre partnerorganisationerna samt gemensamma och organisations-överskridande diskussioner och analyser vid ett flertal workshoppar, där såväl forskare som representanter från partnerorganisationerna deltagit. Rapporten presenterar resultat i form av beskrivningar av specifika situationer i respektive partnerorganisation med betoning på digitaliseringsprocesser med direkt inverkan på det fysiska rummet och de utmaningar som detta leder till. Vidare presenteras analyser och insikter i relation till utmaningarna som digitaliseringen kan ge upphov till och generella, normativa rekommendationer för att vägleda organisationer genom digitala transformationsprocesser. I analysen har framför allt institutionella logiker tillämpats som teoretiskt perspektiv. Studien påvisar betydelsen som de fysiska platserna (t.ex. kontor, scen) utgör för skilda verksamheter, och att användningen av digitala verktyg med syfte att eliminera användningen av fysiska platser kan ge upphov till oförutsedda konsekvenser.
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