| 61. |
- Jansson, Patrik, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Testing Properties of Generic Functions
- 2007
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Ingår i: LNCS, Proceedings of IFL 2006. ; 4449
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A datatype-generic function is a family of functions indexed by (the structure of) a type. Examples include equality tests, maps and pretty printers. Property based testing tools like QuickCheck and Gast support the definition of properties and test-data generators, and they check if a monomorphic property is satisfied by the test cases. Generic functions satisfy generic properties and this paper discusses specifying and testing such properties. It shows how generic properties and generators can be expressed, and explains three bugs we found and corrected in the Generic Haskell library.
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| 62. |
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| 63. |
- Jansson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Tradeoffs between environmental goals and urban development : The case of nitrogen load from the Stockholm county to the Baltic Sea
- 2007
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Ingår i: Ambio. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 36:8, s. 650-656
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Urban dwellers depend on the generation of ecosystem services for their welfare. The city of Stockholm is growing, and a 25% increase in population is projected by 2030. The effects of urban development were estimated through the quantification of nitrogen (N) leakage to the Baltic Sea under two urban development scenarios. We found that total net N load will increase by 6% or 8%, depending on which growth scenario is applied, and population increase by itself will contribute at least 15% of the point source N leakage. Technical improvements in sewage treatment could, according to our results, decrease total N load to the Baltic Sea by 4%. Based on our results, we conclude that proactive measures such as spatial urban planning can provide a constructive tool for sustainable urban development on regional as well as national and international scales, depending on geographical context as well as the ecosystem services' scale of operation. © Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences 2007.
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| 64. |
- Johansson, M., et al.
(författare)
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Neonatal hematopoietic stem cell transplantation cures oc/oc mice from osteopetrosis
- 2006
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Ingår i: Exp Hematol. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-472X .- 1873-2399. ; 34:2, s. 242-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Infantile malignant osteopetrosis (IMO) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder affecting osteoclast function. Fifty percent of the patients have a mutation in the TCIRG1 gene coding for one subunit of an osteoclast proton pump. The only curative treatment is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT). The oc/oc mouse has a mutation in the gene homologous to TCIRG1 and its expected lifespan is only 3 to 4 weeks. Previous attempts to cure these mice with SCT have been unsuccessful. We wanted to determine if early hematopoietic SCT using enriched and MHC-matched stem cells can cure oc/oc mice from osteopetrosis. METHODS: One- and 8-day-old oc/oc and control mice were radiated with 200, 400, or 600 cGy and transplanted intraperitoneally with 1 or 5 x 10(6) normal lineage-depleted bone marrow cells. Blood, x-ray, and pathology analyses were performed on transplanted mice. RESULTS: All 1-day-old mice irradiated with 400 cGy and transplanted with 5 x 10(6) cells survived long term. An engraftment level of 20% is sufficient to correct most features of the disease. X-ray and histopathology examination of transplanted animals showed normalization of bone structure. However, although a correction of bone structure occurred, the transplanted oc/oc mice were smaller in size than their littermates. In contrast to untreated animals, oc/oc mice developed teeth after transplantation, but with abnormal structure and shape making them unusable. CONCLUSION: We have shown that this murine form of IMO is curable with neonatal SCT using enriched stem cells.
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| 65. |
- Johansson, Magnus, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Prolactin treatment improves engraftment and function of transplanted pancreatic islets
- 2009
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Ingår i: Endocrinology. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0013-7227 .- 1945-7170. ; 150:4, s. 1646-1653
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transplantation of pancreatic islets is clinically used to treat type 1 diabetes, but requires multiple donors. Previous experimental studies have demonstrated that transplanted islets have a low blood vessel density, which leads to a hypoxic microenvironment. The present study tested the hypothesis that experimental prolactin pretreatment, a substance which seems to stimulate angiogenesis in endogenous islets, would increase graft blood vessel density, thereby improving transplantation outcome. Pancreatic islets from C57BL/6 mice were incubated with prolactin (500 ng/ml) or vehicle during the last 24 h of culture before syngeneic transplantation beneath the renal capsule, or recipients were injected with prolactin or vehicle for the first 7 days after transplantation. One month post-transplantation, graft vascular density, blood flow, oxygen tension, endocrine volume and function was evaluated. Also human islets were incubated with prolactin or vehicle before experimental transplantation and investigated for vascular engraftment. Vascular engraftment of syngeneically transplanted mouse islets was improved by both in vivo and in vitro prolactin pretreatment. Moreover, prolactin pretreatment in vitro of islets used for transplantation improved recovery from diabetes in a minimal islet mass model. Interestingly, also human islets subjected to prolactin treatment before experimental transplantation demonstrated improved revascularization, blood perfusion and oxygen tension when evaluated one month post-transplantation. We conclude that prolactin may improve engraftment of transplanted pancreatic islets. The protocol with pretreatment of islets ex vivo could minimize the risk of side effects when used in the clinical setting.
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| 66. |
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| 67. |
- Kostela, Johan, Doktor i Fysikalisk kemi, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Varför flytta? : En studie av in- och utflyttning för kommunerna i Region Siljan
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Demografiskt sett ligger regionen före övriga Sverige när det gäller antalet personer i arbetsför ålder som snart ska gå i ålderspension, detta innebär att behovet av nyrekrytering av arbetskraft kommer att uppstå inom en nära framtid. Detta är positivt ur synvinkeln att regionen kan komma att få ett försprång gentemot andra när det gäller att hantera problematiken. Det negativa är att man snabbare ställs inför utmaningen att få tillräckligt många att arbeta med offentlig service samt att skapa möjligheter för näringslivet att rekrytera arbetskraft så att man även i fortsättningen kan vara konkurrenskraftiga. Kommunernas befolkning är av stor vikt, både för att kunna planera service och tjänster och för att kunna få en hållbar ekonomi i kommunerna. I stort sett alla Sveriges kommuner har ett önskemål om att kunna öka sin befolkning, och därigenom sitt skatteunderlag. Verkligheten ser dock ut på ett annat sätt. Ett antal stora orter ökar i befolkning, samtidigt som de flesta kommunerna minskar sin. Födelsenettot är historiskt sett lågt och den nationella ökning av befolkning som sker, sker framförallt i storstäderna och drivs på med hjälp av invandring. Denna bild ger kommunerna en hel del att tänka på för att på sikt kunna lösa servicen till medborgarna, både ekonomiskt och med tanke på en minskad befolkning i arbetsför ålder.
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| 68. |
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| 69. |
- Linton, Steven J., et al.
(författare)
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A randomized controlled trial of exposure in vivo for patients with spinal pain reporting fear of work-related activities
- 2008
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Ingår i: European Journal of Pain. - : Elsevier. - 1090-3801 .- 1532-2149. ; 12:6, s. 722-730
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Pain-related fear is related to disability in persistent pain conditions. Exposure treatment has been reported to be of great benefit in replicated single case experiments.AIM: To evaluate the effects of exposure in vivo on fear and function in patients with persistent pain and work disability.METHOD: We recruited 46 patients suffering from long-term back pain and reduced function, who also were deemed fearful according to standardized measures. Participants were randomized into either an exposure plus usual treatment or waiting list control plus usual treatment group. After the waiting period the control group crossed over and received the exposure treatment.RESULTS: Between group comparisons showed a significantly better result for the exposure group on function, but not for fear or pain and effect sizes were modest (function=.6; fear=.4; pain=.1). When the control group crossed over to treatment significant treatment effects were noted for fear and function. For all patients treated, the pre to post-treatment effect sizes were large (function=.7; fear=1.1; pain=.9). There were 12 dropouts (8 in exposure and 4 in the control) during the first treatment phase and an additional 4 when the control group crossed over to exposure.CONCLUSIONS: Compared to a group receiving usual treatment and waiting for exposure, the exposure in vivo group demonstrated a significantly larger improvement on function. Overall exposure had moderate effects on function, fear and pain intensity. We conclude that exposure may be important in treatment, but is not recommended as a "stand alone" adjunct to usual treatment.
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| 70. |
- Mattsson, Johan, 1971-
(författare)
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Pointing, Placing, Touching : Physical Manipulation and Coordination Techniques for Interactive Meeting Spaces
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the design and study of dedicated ubiquitous computing environments, efforts to enhance and support co-located collaborative activities and work have been a particular focus. In his vision of ubiquitous computing, Mark Weiser foresees a new era of computing, one that closes and follows on from the era of Personal Computing (Post Desktop). The vision involves simultaneous computations facilitated by a number of technical resources (services and artifacts) available in the environment. Ubiquitous Computing also draws on the perspective of embodied interaction: that our overall physical and social interaction, and the design of artifacts supporting interaction with people, places, and the environment, are two different perspectives sharing a common goal. This thesis addresses three critical aspects of interactive meeting spaces: Multi-device selection, Multi-device setup, and Multi-device direct manipulation. To do so, physical interaction techniques have been designed that make more visible the critical and central co-located manipulation and coordination actions in interactive meeting spaces. The tree designed physical interaction techniques, that have been developed and investigated are: the iwand, a pointing technique; the Magic Bowl, a placing technique; and Physical Cursors, a touching technique. In evaluation of the interaction techniques, addressed five problems that originated in observations during the development of interactive meeting spaces. How to: 1) identify and manipulate a physical object in order to select and control a particular service; 2) support the control of complementary combinations of services through physical manipulation; 3) capture, store and recall a preset group of services; 4) maintain and reuse presets, to preserve the prerequisite for a scene, under continually changing circumstances; and 5) design ways to manipulate physical widgets to enable a social protocol for coordination as an alternative to individual (invisible) manipulation? A tentative design pattern language developed, along with “sharing control”, a further developed sample of a design pattern, which applies to physical manipulations in interactive meeting spaces. Additionally, principles are described for conducting long-term studies of living-laboratory observations and for revisiting central design decisions. The principles and design patterns are drawn from designed interaction techniques and from the design and deployment of interactive meeting spaces.
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