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- DeCarolis, Joseph, et al.
(författare)
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Leveraging Open-Source Tools for Collaborative Macro-energy System Modeling Efforts
- 2020
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Ingår i: Joule. - : Elsevier BV. - 2542-4351. ; 4:12, s. 2523-2526
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The authors are founding team members of a new effort to develop an Open Energy Outlook for the United States. The effort aims to apply best practices of policy-focused energy system modeling, ensure transparency, build a networked community, and work toward a common purpose: examining possible US energy system futures to inform energy and climate policy efforts. Individual author biographies can be found on the project website: https://openenergyoutlook.org/. DeCarolis et al. articulate the benefits of forming collaborative teams with a wide array of disciplinary and domain expertise to conduct analysis with macro-energy system models. Open-source models, tools, and datasets underpin such efforts by enabling transparency, accessibility, and replicability among team members and with the broader modeling community.
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| 2. |
- Elmér, Evelina, et al.
(författare)
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Increased Frequencies of Switched Memory B Cells and Plasmablasts in Peripheral Blood from Patients with ANCA-Associated Vasculitis
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Immunology Research. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2314-7156 .- 2314-8861. ; 2020
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- B cells are thought to play a central role in the pathogenesis of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody- (ANCA-) associated vasculitis (AAV). ANCAs have been proposed to cause vasculitis by activating primed neutrophils to damage small blood vessels. We studied a cohort of AAV patients of which a majority were in remission and diagnosed with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). Using flow cytometry, the frequencies of CD19+ B cells and subsets in peripheral blood from 106 patients with AAV and 134 healthy controls were assessed. B cells were divided into naive, preswitch memory, switched memory, and exhausted memory cells. Naive and switched memory cells were further subdivided into transitional cells and plasmablasts, respectively. In addition, serum concentrations of immunoglobulin A, G, and M were measured and clinical data were retrieved. AAV patients displayed, in relation to healthy controls, a decreased frequency of B cells of lymphocytes (5.1% vs. 8.3%) and total B cell number. For the subsets, a decrease in percentage of transitional B cells (0.7% vs. 4.4%) and expansions of switched memory B cells (22.3% vs. 16.5%) and plasmablasts (0.9% vs. 0.3%) were seen. A higher proportion of B cells was activated (CD95+) in patients (20.6% vs. 10.3%), and immunoglobulin levels were largely unaltered. No differences in B cell frequencies between patients in active disease and remission were observed. Patients in remission with a tendency to relapse had, compared to nonrelapsing patients, decreased frequencies of B cells (3.5% vs. 6.5%) and transitional B cells (0.1% vs. 1.1%) and an increased frequency of activated exhausted memory B cells (30.8% vs. 22.3%). AAV patients exhibit specific changes in frequencies of CD19+ B cells and their subsets in peripheral blood. These alterations could contribute to the autoantibody-driven inflammatory process in AAV.
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| 3. |
- Johansson, Evelina, 1986
(författare)
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Higher-order thinking e-assessment in online EFL courses: Swedish instructors’ perceptions and experiences
- 2020
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Ingår i: Moderna Språk. - 0026-8577. ; 114:2, s. 161-187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research indicates that higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) have an important role in L2 learning. In an online learning context, e-assessment tasks are ideally designed to target these skills. A recently conducted study by Johansson (2020) indicates that HOTS e-assessment is relatively common in Swedish online English as a Foreign Language (EFL) courses. Generally, instructors’ perceptions of HOTS and HOTS e-assessment have been described as important for the implementation of these skills in assessment tasks; however, little is known about this in the online EFL context. Hence, the aim of the present study was to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of online EFL instructors’ views on HOTS e-assessment and the challenges of this. To investigate this, a questionnaire was sent out to university instructors working with online EFL courses. The study found that most of the instructors intended to target HOTS through e-assessment tasks and that there is a general agreement about what constitutes such skills. The majority of the instructors had not been offered training in how to target students’ HOTS, but had taken own initiatives to this kind of training. Moreover, the main challenges in developing HOTS e-assessment were instructors’ lack of time and technical skills.
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| 4. |
- Johansson, Evelina, 1986
(författare)
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The Assessment of Higher-order Thinking Skills in Online EFL Courses: A Quantitative Content Analysis
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of English Studies. - : University of Gothenburg - Department of Languages and Literatures. - 1654-6970. ; 19:1, s. 224-256
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies within second language learning indicate that higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) are important for the process of learning a new language. At the same time, previous literature indicates that assessment tasks in online courses often focus on lower- order thinking skills. Little is still known about if and how thinking skills are assessed in online EFL courses. Hence, the purpose of this study is to create a more comprehensive understanding of if and how online EFL students at Swedish universities are given opportunities to both develop and being assessed on such skills. According to the sociocultural perspective, collaboration is beneficial to students’ learning. Thus, the present study will also look into the correspondence between HOTS e-assessment tasks and collaborative e-assessment tasks. E-assessment tasks used in four online EFL courses given at Swedish universities have been classified according to the revised version of Bloom’s taxonomy. This has been done through a quantitative content analysis of used e- assessment tasks. The study found that the majority of courses included more e- assessment tasks focusing on higher-order thinking than on lower-order thinking. However, a significant difference was detected between literature and linguistics modules in the sense that literature modules include more HOTS e-assessment tasks. Moreover, the results suggest that collaborative e-assessment tasks are slightly more common in e- assessment tasks that focus on HOTS than on LOTS. The present study provides insight into how thinking skills are assessed and developed in online language courses.
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| 9. |
- Rydén Sonesson, Tove, et al.
(författare)
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Risk Governance State-of-Affair Across Swedish Interdependent Infrastructures
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 30th European Safety and Reliability Conference and the 15th Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management Conference. - Singapore : Research Publishing Services. - 9789811485930 ; , s. 4194-4201
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Society is highly dependent on services such as electricity, communication, and transportation. Furthermore, the critical infrastructures (CIs) that provide these services are highly interdependent through a number of physical, economic and organizational links. In this context, a holistic perspective on risk is essential to avoid suboptimal interventions and risk-related blind spots. Here, fragmented knowledge constitutes a great challenge as it calls for collaboration and information-sharing across CIs. This study explores four governance-related themes in a Swedish context: interdependencies, responsibility, collaboration and information-sharing. The aim of the study is to identify barriers and opportunities for governance of risks across CIs, and to give guidance towards future research. The study focuses on three technical infrastructure sectors: electronic communication, transportation, and energy. To explore these sectors, two complementary studies were carried out: (1) a document analysis, and (2) an interview study. Apart from summarizing the findings from the four studied themes, we have identified five cross-cutting findings that could inform directions of future research. These findings include: (1) silo-structures are present in the studied context, (2) `windows of opportunity' is a dominant driver of the current work, (3) responsibility for resilience tends to be shifted away from the own organization, (4) key individuals, not organizations, are perceived to be seminal for successful cross-sector work, and (5) many different incentives exist and it is unclear how they interplay.
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| 10. |
- Söderberg, Johan, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Att se studenten som kund hotar den akademiska friheten
- 2020
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Ingår i: Tidskriften respons. ; 2020:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den amerikanska historikern Joan Wallach Scott undersöker i sin senaste bok den akademiska friheten som ideal och pekar på det hon ser som de främsta hoten mot dess förverkligande, däribland nedskärningar och en ekonomisk syn på både utbildning och forskning. De förändrade villkoren drabbar både forskare och studenter, menar Wallach Scott, som ser ett universitet som i mångt och mycket blivit en plats där enskilda investerar i sig själva utifrån en kalkylerande logik och som präglas av en syn på studenter som konsumenter av utbildning och därför – liksom kunden – alltid uppfattas ha rätt.
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