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- Johansson, Mikael
(författare)
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Quality functions for requirements engineering methods
- 1996
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The objectives for this thesis is to establish what aspects of Requirements Engineering (RE) methods are considered important by the users. The thesis is to study an alternative RE method (Action Design), present evaluation results and establish general quality characteristics for RE methods. It is also an attempt to invoke the need to reflect over quality aspects of use and development of methods within the field of RE.The research is based on a grounded theory perspective where the studies together form the final results. The data collection was performed by interviews and focus groups. The analysis of data was done by using (1) Action Design (AD) methodology as an instrument to evaluate AD itself, (2) Quality Function Deployment to structure and rank quality characteristics, and (3) by phenomenological analyses.The results show the importance of considering social and organizational issues, user participation, project management and method customizing in the process of RE.Further, the results suggest that support which integrate different methods, or parts of methods to achieve a suitable collection of instruments tailored for a specific project is needed. It is also found that RE is to be considered, not only in the early parts of the software development cycle, but as an integrated part of the whole software development cycle.The conclusion is that RE methods beside the integration, need to be approached differently in the future. The integrated view of RE (as a part of the entire development process) could also be a way to solve some of the current problems that are discussed in relation to requirements in software development.
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- Karlberg, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Dizziness of Suspected Cervical Origin Distinguished by Posturographic Assessment of Human Postural Dynamics
- 1996
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Ingår i: Journal of Vestibular Research. - 1878-6464. ; 6:1, s. 37-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Useful clinical tests are lacking for the controversial entity "cervical vertigo". In earlier studies patients assumed to suffer from cervical vertigo or dizziness manifested disturbed postural control as compared to healthy subjects, but were hard to distinguish from patients with other balance disorders. Using posturography in which stance was perturbed by a vibratory stimulus applied towards the calf muscles, we studied 16 consecutive patients with recent onset of neck pain and concomitant complaints of vertigo or dizziness, but normal findings at otoneurological examination and electronystagmography; 18 patients with recent vestibular neuritis; and 17 healthy subjects. We performed system identification of a model of the control of upright human stance, using the vibratory stimulus as input and the recorded body sway as output. According to values for the three normalized parameters of the transfer function of the model (i.e., swiftness, stiffness, and damping), cervical vertigo patients were distinguished both from healthy subjects (P < 0.001), and from vestibular neuritis patients (P < 0.001). It was also possible to distinguish the vestibular neuritis group from the group of healthy subjects (P < 0.01). The results show disturbed postural control in patients with cervical vertigo to differ from that in patients with recent vestibular neuritis, and indicate posturographic assessment of human posture dynamics to be a possible future tool for use in diagnosing cervical vertigo.
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- Lundholm, Carl, et al.
(författare)
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A randomized prospective study comparing long-term intravesical instillations of mitomycin-c and BCG in patients with superficial bladder carcinoma
- 1996
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Ingår i: Journal of Urology. - 0022-5347 .- 1527-3792. ; 156:2, s. 372-376
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: We compared the efficacy and toxicity of long-term mitomycin C versus bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) instillation in patients at high risk for recurrence and progression of superficial bladder carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our randomized comparison study included 261 patients with primary dysplasia, or stage Tis, stage T1, grade 3 and multiple recurrent stage Ta/T1, grade 1 or 2 disease. Mitomycin C (40 mg.) or Pasteur strain BCG (120 mg.) was instilled weekly for 6 weeks, then monthly for up to 1 year and every 3 months during year 2. RESULTS: After a median followup of 39 months 49% of the patients given BCG and 34% given mitomycin C were disease-free (p < 0.03), compared to 48 and 35%, respectively, of those with stage Ta or T1 disease, and 54 and 33%, respectively, of those with dysplasia or stage Tis tumor. Tumor progressed in 13% of patients, with no statistically significant difference observed regarding progression between the mitomycin C and BCG groups. Side effects were more common after BCG instillation, with 5 cases of severe side effects compared to 1 in the mitomycin C group. Treatment was stopped due to toxicity in 10% of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of patients tolerated long-term intravesical therapy well. BCG instillation was hampered by more frequent side effects. BCG was superior regarding recurrence prophylaxis, since patients given BCG had fewer recurrences and a significantly longer time to treatment failure compared to those treated with mitomycin C. No statistically significant difference was observed regarding progression.
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- Qvarford, M, et al.
(författare)
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Photoemission and x-ray absorption study of superconducting and semiconducting Ba1-xKxBiO3 single crystals
- 1996
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Ingår i: Physical Review B Condensed Matter. - 0163-1829 .- 1095-3795. ; 54:9, s. 6700-6707
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Semiconducting Ba0.9K0.1BiO3 and superconducting Ba0.6K0.4BiO3 single crystals cleaved in situ have been studied by core level and valence band photoelectron spectroscopy and O K edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy. It was found that the general shape of the valence band spectrum agrees with the shape predicted by band structure calculations, but the intensity near the Fermi level, was lower in the experimental spectrum as compared to the calculated. The O K edge spectra showed that the metallic phase is not related to the presence of doping inducted O 2p holes. This property of Ba1-xKxBiO3 shows that the semiconductor-metal transition of this system is of a different nature than that of the hole doped cuprate high-T-c superconductors. The core level photoemission spectra of the cations showed a small asymmetry for Ba0.9K0.1BiO3. Corresponding spectra for Ba0.6K0.4BiO3 showed a larger asymmetry resulting in a resolved high binding energy shoulder in the Bi 4f spectrum. The origin of this feature is discussed.
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