| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Hasserius, Ralph, et al.
(författare)
-
Vertebral deformation in urban Swedish men and women: prevalence based on 797 subjects
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-6470. ; 72:3, s. 273-278
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vertebral fracture-deformation, a common feature of osteoporosis, shows considerable age, sex and geographical variation. We present the prevalence in an urban population of south-west Sweden. Lateral spine radiographs of 797 men and women, age 50-86 years, were evaluated by morphomety. The age-standardized prevalence of subjects with vertebral deformation using the deformation criterion -3 SD was 39 (95%CI 34-43)% in women and 33 (95%CI 28-38)% in men. The prevalence increased with age in both sexes. After adjustment for age, women had a higher prevalence than men, odds ratio 1.4. The proportion of vertebrae with deformation ranged from 2%-11%, increasing with age. The vertebrae most commonly deformed were Th 11, Th 12 and L1.
|
|
| 4. |
- Johnell, Olof, et al.
(författare)
-
Fracture risk following an osteoporotic fracture.
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Osteoporosis International. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1433-2965 .- 0937-941X. ; 15:3, s. 46-46
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 5. |
- Johnell, Olof, et al.
(författare)
-
Mortality after osteoporotic fractures.
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Osteoporosis International. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1433-2965 .- 0937-941X. ; 15:1, s. 38-42
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 6. |
- Johnell, Olof, et al.
(författare)
-
Targeting of hormone replacement therapy immediately after menopause
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Bone. - 1873-2763. ; 28:4, s. 440-445
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to model the effect of short (3-year) treatments with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) at the time of menopause on the risk of osteoporotic fracture, and to assess the impact of strategies to target high-risk individuals. From the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk, treatment that increased bone mineral density at the hip by 6% over untreated women would save 35 vertebral, 62 hip, 13 proximal humeral, and 16 forearm fractures per 1000 women. The number needed to treat (NNT) to prevent one of these fractures was 8. The NNT fell modestly by targeting HRT to women with low bone mass or osteoporosis (NNT 6 and 5, respectively). The gains in fractures saved from targeting women with low bone mass or osteoporosis were offset by the requirement for assessment by BMD. Changes in the assumptions about the efficacy of HRT had a modest impact on fractures saved compared with the effect of changing assumptions concerning the offset of effect when treatment was stopped. We conclude that comparatively short courses of HRT might be effectively offered to all suitable women at menopause provided that the effects on bone persist when treatment is stopped.
|
|
| 7. |
- Kanis, J A, et al.
(författare)
-
Long-term risk of osteoporotic fracture in Malmo
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Osteoporosis International. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1433-2965 .- 0937-941X. ; 11:8, s. 669-674
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objectives of the present study were to estimate long-term risks of osteoporotic fractures. The incidence of hip, distal forearm, proximal humerus and vertebral fracture were obtained from patient records in Malmo, Sweden. Vertebral fractures were confined to those coming to clinical attention, either as an inpatient or an outpatient case. Patient records were examined to exclude individuals with prior fractures at the same site. Future mortality rates were computed for each year of age from Poisson models using the Swedish Patient Register and the Statistical Year Book. The incidence and lifetime risk of any fracture were determined from the proportion of individuals fracture-free from the age of 45 years. Lifetime risk of shoulder, forearm, hip and spine fracture were 13.3%, 21.5%, 23.3% and 15.4% respectively in women at the age of 45 years. Corresponding values for men at the age of 45 years were 4.4%, 5.2%, 11.2% and 8.6%. The risk of any of these fractures was 47.3% and 23.8% in women and men respectively. Remaining lifetime risk was stable with age for hip fracture, but decreased by 20-30% by the age of 70 years in the case of other fractures. Ten and 15 year risks for all types of fractures increased with age until the age of 80 years, when they approached lifetime risks because of the competing probabilities of fracture and death. We conclude that fractures of the hip and spine carry higher risks than fractures at other sites, and that lifetime risks of fracture of the hip in particular have been underestimated.
|
|
| 8. |
- Ringsberg, Karin A.M., et al.
(författare)
-
The impact of long-term moderate physical activity on functional performance, bone mineral density and fracture incidence in elderly women
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Gerontology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1423-0003 .- 0304-324X. ; 47:1, s. 15-20
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Earlier studies have shown that physical exercise and a higher workload increase muscle strength and improve gait and balance at all ages for both sexes. Published studies have, so far, failed to investigate the functional performance of elderly individuals concerning their long-term physical activity and variables of daily living. OBJECTIVE: To compare elderly women who participate in long-term, moderate exercise programmes with two age-matched groups of women from an urban and a rural community. METHODS: All participants answered a questionnaire about health, social circumstances and fractures. We measured the vibration threshold of the lower extremities, bone mineral density of the distal radius and functional performance such as muscle strength, balance and gait. RESULTS: The elderly, active groups performed significantly better in all functional tests and had sustained fewer fractures than the urban control group. When the comparison was made with the rural control group the differences were less obvious. The active group rated their health as better than both the control groups. CONCLUSION: Elderly women, who continue with moderate exercise programmes over many years, sustain fewer fractures and have better muscle strength, balance, gait and health ratings than women in general. Whether this is the result of the exercise or inherited characters, remains to be proved.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
