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- Romelsjö, A, et al.
(författare)
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The relationship between stressful working conditions and high alcohol consumption and severe alcohol problems in an urban general population.
- 1992
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Ingår i: British journal of addiction. - 0952-0481. ; 87:8, s. 1173-83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The relationship between 15 measures of stressful working conditions and high alcohol consumption (35 g 100% ethanol per day or more for men and 25 g or more for women) was studied, using cross-sectional data from a general population survey of 1344 males and 1494 females; the ages 25-64 years in metropolitan Stockholm in 1984. In a longitudinal component of the study, hospitalization and mortality with alcohol-related diagnosis was assessed during 1984-90, and also the association between previous experience of unemployment and high alcohol consumption. Some of the associations, expressed as age-adjusted odds ratios, were positive and some were negative when high alcohol consumption was the endpoint, but there was a clear variation by sex and social class. Generally the positive associations were stronger among male non-manual employees. Among males, there was a clear association between stressful working conditions and subsequent risk of severe medical alcohol-related problems, but the precision of the estimates was low due to low number of cases. The odds ratio was 6.18 (95% confidence interval 1.86, 20.61) for twisted working positions and 6.74 (95% confidence interval 1.67, 27.19). Previous unemployment among males was associated with increased risk for high alcohol consumption, with an odds ratio of 5.71 (95% CI 1.39, 15.97) among those who had been unemployed more than once, and 1.67 (95% CI 0.76, 3.64) among those who had been unemployed once during the previous 5 years. Those and other increased odds ratios were lower when subjects with an alcohol diagnosis at inpatient care during 1980-84 were excluded in the analyses. On the whole, our findings are not conclusive. The strong, but imprecise associations between stressful working conditions and severe alcohol problems, are however challenging, and warrants further studies, preferably with longitudinal design and repeated measurements of both working condition and alcohol habits.
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| 2. |
- Bengtsson, A, et al.
(författare)
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The appropriateness of performing coronary angiography and coronary artery revascularization in a Swedish population
- 1994
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). - : American Medical Association. - 0098-7484 .- 1538-3598. ; 271:16, s. 1260-1265
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. —To evaluate the appropriateness of performing coronary angiography and revascularization in a Swedish population. Design. —Prospective population study of questionnaires and medical records. Setting. —All the hospitals in southwestern Sweden that perform coronary angiography and revascularization. Patients. —Random sample of 831 patients (with chronic stable angina) on the waiting list for coronary angiography or revascularization in southwestern Sweden in September 1990. Main Outcome Measure. —Percentage of patients referred for coronary angiography or revascularization for appropriate, uncertain, or inappropriate indications. Results. —Of the patients referred for angiography, 89% were classified as appropriate, 9% as uncertain, and 2% as inappropriate. The percentages are similar for patients referred for coronary artery bypass graft surgery and for angioplasty (91% and 86%, respectively, classified as appropriate). The majority of patients had chest pain rated as Canadian Cardiovascular Society classes II through IV (93%), despite maximum anti-ischemic therapy in 90% of these patients. Conclusions. —Few patients were referred for coronary angiography or revascularization for inappropriate or uncertain indications. The percentage of these patients who are from southwestern Sweden is similar to the percentage recently reported from New York State.
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| 3. |
- Karlsson, BW, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of the antianginal effect of nifedipine : influence of formulation dependent pharmacokinetics
- 1991
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. - : Springer. - 0031-6970 .- 1432-1041. ; 40:5, s. 501-506
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nifedipine capsules t.d.s. and an extended release formulation of nifedipine, nifedipine-ER tablets, given once daily in corresponding daily doses, have been compared with placebo in a double-blind, three-way cross-over study in 24 patients with stable angina pectoris. The objective was to study the influence on the antianginal effect of the different pharmacokinetics of several preparations of nifedipine. All patients received concomitant treatment with beta-adrenoceptor blockers. Antianginal efficacy was assessed by a dynamic exercise test at the end of the dosage intervals, i.e. 8 and 24 h after nifedipine capsules and nifedipine-ER, respectively, as well as 6 h after dosing. Six h after dosing the time of onset of chest pain and total exercise time were longer and total work was significantly higher during both nifedipine-ER (plasma concentration 260 nmol/l) and placebo treatment than after nifedipine capsules (plasma concentration 78 nmol/l). Time to 1 mm ST depression was longer during nifedipine-ER than during nifedipine capsule treatment. No significant difference was seen between nifedipine-ER and placebo. At the end of the dosage interval (24 and 8 h after nifedipine-ER and nifedipine capsules, respectively), no significant difference was found between nifedipine-ER (plasma concentration 75 nmol/l) and the other two treatments. However, placebo was superior to nifedipine capsules (plasma concentration 58 nmol/l) both in the time to onset of chest pain and total exercise time. The lack of effect at the end of the dosage interval was probably due to the subtherapeutic plasma nifedipine level.
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