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- De Blois, Jonathan, et al.
(författare)
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The Effects of Climate Change on Cardiac Health
- 2015
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Ingår i: Cardiology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-9751 .- 0008-6312. ; 131:4, s. 209-217
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The earth's climate is changing and increasing ambient heat levels are emerging in large areas of the world. An important cause of this change is the anthropogenic emission of greenhouse gases. Climate changes have a variety of negative effects on health, including cardiac health. People with preexisting medical conditions such as cardiovascular disease (including heart failure), people carrying out physically demanding work and the elderly are particularly vulnerable. This review evaluates the evidence base for the cardiac health consequences of climate conditions, with particular reference to increasing heat exposure, and it also explores the potential further implications.
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| 2. |
- Kjellström, Tord
(författare)
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Impact of Climate Conditions on Occupational Health and Related Economic Losses: A New Feature of Global and Urban Health in the Context of Climate Change.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1941-2479 .- 1010-5395.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One feature of climate change is the increasing heat exposure in many workplaces where efficient cooling systems cannot be applied. Excessive heat exposure is a particular problem for working people because of the internal heat production when muscle work is carried out. The physiological basis for severe heat stroke, other clinical effects, and heat exhaustion is well known. One feature of this health effect of excessive workplace heat exposure is reduced work capacity, and new research has started to quantify this effect in the context of climate change. Current climate conditions in tropical and subtropical parts of the world are already so hot during the hot seasons that occupational health effects occur and work capacity for many working people is affected. The Hothaps-Soft database and software and ClimateCHIP.org website make it possible to rapidly produce estimates of local heat conditions and trends. The results can be mapped to depict the spatial distribution of workplace heat stress. In South-East Asia as much as 15% to 20% of annual work hours may already be lost in heat-exposed jobs, and this may double by 2050 as global climate change progresses. By combining heat exposure data and estimates of the economic consequences, the vulnerability of many low- and middle-income countries is evident. The annual cost of reduced labor productivity at country level already in 2030 can be several percent of GDP, which means billions of US dollars even for medium-size countries. The results provide new arguments for effective climate change adaptation and mitigation policies and preventive actions in all countries.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Zander, Kerstin K., et al.
(författare)
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Heat stress causes substantial labour productivity loss in Australia
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nature Climate Change. - 1758-6798. ; 5:7, s. 647-651
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heat stress at the workplace is an occupational health hazard that reduces labour productivity(1). Assessment of productivity loss resulting from climate change has so far been based on physiological models of heat exposure(1). These models suggest productivity may decrease by 11-27% by 2080 in hot regions such as Asia and the Caribbean(2), and globally by up to 20% in hot months by 2050(3). Using an approach derived from health economics, we describe self-reported estimates of work absenteeism and reductions in work performance caused by heat in Australia during 2013/201(4). We found that the annual costs were US$655 per person across a representative sample of 1,726 employed Australians. This represents an annual economic burden of around US$6.2 billion (95% CI: 5.2-7.3 billion) for the Australian workforce. This amounts to 0.33 to 0.47% of Australias GDP. Although this was a period when many Australians experienced what is at present considered exceptional heat(4), our results suggest that adaptation measures to reduce heat effects should be adopted widely if severe economic impacts from labour productivity loss are to be avoided if heat waves become as frequent as predicted.
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