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- Greiner, J., et al.
(författare)
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Gamma-ray burst investigation via polarimetry and spectroscopy (GRIPS)
- 2009
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Ingår i: Experimental astronomy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0922-6435 .- 1572-9508. ; 23:1, s. 91-120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The primary scientific goal of the GRIPS mission is to revolutionize our understanding of the early universe using gamma-ray bursts. We propose a new generation gamma-ray observatory capable of unprecedented spectroscopy over a wide range of gamma-ray energies (200 keV-50 MeV) and of polarimetry (200-1000 keV). The gamma-ray sensitivity to nuclear absorption features enables the measurement of column densities as high as 10(28)cm (-aEuro parts per thousand 2). Secondary goals achievable by this mission include direct measurements of all types of supernova interiors through gamma-rays from radioactive decays, nuclear astrophysics with massive stars and novae, and studies of particle acceleration near compact stars, interstellar shocks, and clusters of galaxies.
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- Kindberg, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Transmural Strains in the Ovine Left Ventricular Lateral Wall During Diastolic Filling
- 2009
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICAL ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME. - : ASME International. - 0148-0731. ; 131:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rapid early diastolic left ventricular (LV) filling requires a highly compliant chamber immediately after systole, allowing inflow at low driving pressures. The transmural LV deformations associated with such filling are not completely understood. We sought to characterize regional transmural LV strains during diastole, with focus on early filling, in ovine hearts at 1 week and 8 weeks after myocardial marker implantation. In seven normal sheep hearts, 13 radiopaque markers were inserted to silhouette the LV chamber and a transmural beadset was implanted into the lateral equatorial LV wall to measure transmural strains. Four-dimensional marker dynamics were obtained 1 week and 8 weeks thereafter with biplane videofluoroscopy in closed-chest, anesthetized animals. LV transmural strains in both cardiac and fiber-sheet coordinates were studied from filling onset to the end of early filling (EOEF, 100 ms after filling onset) and at end diastole. At the 8 week study, subepicardial circumferential strain (E-CC) had reached its final value already at EOEF, while longitudinal and radial strains were nearly zero at this time. Subepicardial E-CC and fiber relengthening (E-ff) at EOEF were reduced to 1 compared with 8 weeks after surgery (E-CC:0.02 +/- 0.01 to 0.08 +/- 0.02 and E-ff:0.00 +/- 0.01 to 0.03 +/- 0.01, respectively, both P < 0.05). Subepicardial E-CC during early LV filling was associated primarily with fiber-normal and sheet-normal shears at the 1 week study, but to all three fiber-sheet shears and fiber relengthening at the 8 week study. These changes in LV subepicardial mechanics provide a possible mechanistic basis for regional myocardial lusitropic function, and may add to our understanding of LV myocardial diastolic dysfunction.
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- Aksyutina, Yuliya, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Properties of the 7He ground state from 8He neutron knockout
- 2009
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Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 679:3, s. 191 - 196
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The unbound nucleus 7He, produced in neutron-knockout reactions with a 240 MeV/u 8He beam in a liquid-hydrogen target, has been studied in an experiment at the ALADIN-LAND setup at GSI. From an R-matrix analysis the resonance parameters for 7He as well as the spectroscopic factor for the 6He(0+) + n configuration in its ground-state have been obtained. The spectroscopic factor is 0.61 confirming that 7He is not a pure single-particle state. An analysis of 5He data from neutron-knockout reactions of 6He in a carbon target reveals the presence of an s-wave component at low energies in the α+n relative energy spectrum. A possible low-lying exited state in 7He observed in neutron knockout data from 8He in a carbon target and tentatively interpreted as a Iπ=1/2− state, could not be observed in the present experiment. Possible explanations of the shape difference between the 7He resonance obtained in the two knockout reactions are discussed in terms of target-dependence or different reaction mechanisms at relativistic energies.
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- Johanson, Per, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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An academic ECG core lab perspective of the FDA initiative for digital ECG capture and data management in large-scale clinical trials
- 2005
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Ingår i: Drug Information Journal. - 0092-8615. ; 39:4, s. 345-351
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Maximal utility of accessible data is attractive to all partners in clinical research, whether it directly improves patient care or more accurately allows identification of the safety and efficacy of a new drug or procedure. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has presented a guideline draft addressing digitization of electrocardiogram (ECG) data in clinical trials to improve the standards for collection, analysis, and storage of safety information on new medical therapies. This FDA initiative has led to discussions and collaboration among the FDA, the pharmaceutical industry, the electrocardiographj, manufacturers, and the academic as well as the nonacademic EGG core labs. In this article, we present a broad-based viewpoint from two groups of academic EGG core labs, the Alliance of Academic EGG Core Labs and the Virtual Electronic EGG Corelab International Consortium. We have chosen to widen the perspective from using digitized EGG data in safety trials only, as addressed by the FDA guideline draft, to a discussion on the possibilities and the potential problems when using digitized EGG data also in large clinical trials focusing on efficacy measurements. We conclude that the benefit of digital data mining is probably well worth an initial incremental effort and expense.
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- Rebeiz, A. G., et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of ST-segment resolution with combined fibrinolytic and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor therapy versus fibrinolytic alone (data from four clinical trials)
- 2005
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Ingår i: Am J Cardiol. - 0002-9149. ; 95:5, s. 611-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We compared combination fibrinolytic plus glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor therapy with stand-alone fibrinolysis with respect to speed and stability of reperfusion in patients who had acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; data were obtained from 654 patients in 4 trials (Integrilin to Manage Platelet Aggregation to Combat Thrombosis in Acute Myocardial Infarction, Platelet Aggregation Receptor Antagonist Dose Investigation and Reperfusion Gain in Myocardial Infarction, Integrilin and Tenecteplase in Acute Myocardial Infarction, and the Fifth Global Use of Strategies to Open Occluded Coronary Arteries) that compared thrombolytics plus lamifiban, eptifibatide, or abciximab with standard thrombolysis. We found significantly faster and more stable ST-segment recovery with combination therapy starting at 60 minutes (56.7% vs 48.0% with >/=50% ST-segment resolution, p = 0.03) and sustained over 180 minutes after drug administration; this transient benefit may suggest a time frame when more optimal percutaneous coronary intervention can be performed.
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