| 1. |
- Israelsson, Johan, et al.
(author)
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Health status and psychological distress among in-hospital cardiac arrest survivors in relation to gender
- 2017
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In: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 114, s. 27-33
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIM: To describe health status and psychological distress among in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) survivors in relation to gender.METHODS: This national register study consists of data from follow-up registration of IHCA survivors 3-6 months post cardiac arrest (CA) in Sweden. A questionnaire was sent to the survivors, including measurements of health status (EQ-5D-5L) and psychological distress (HADS).RESULTS: Between 2013 and 2015, 594 IHCA survivors were included in the study. The median values for EQ-5D-5L index and EQ VAS among survivors were 0.78 (q1-q3=0.67-0.86) and 70 (q1-q3=50-80) respectively. The values were significantly lower (p<0.001) in women compared to men. In addition, women reported more problems than men in all dimensions of EQ-5D-5L, except self-care. A majority of the respondents reported no problems with anxiety (85.4%) and/or symptoms of depression (87.0%). Women reported significantly more problems with anxiety (p<0.001) and symptoms of depression (p<0.001) compared to men. Gender was significantly associated with poorer health status and more psychological distress. No interaction effects for gender and age were found.CONCLUSIONS: Although the majority of survivors reported acceptable health status and no psychological distress, a substantial proportion reported severe problems. Women reported worse health status and more psychological distress compared to men. Therefore, a higher proportion of women may be in need of support. Health care professionals should make efforts to identify health problems among survivors and offer individualised support when needed.
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| 2. |
- Szczerba, Krzysztof, 1985, et al.
(author)
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Impact of Forward Error Correction on Energy Consumption of VCSEL-based Transmitters
- 2015
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In: 41st European Conference on Optical Communication, ECOC 2015, Valencia, Spain, 27 September - 1 October 2015. - 9788460817413
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present an analysis of the effect of FEC on energy consumption of VCSEL based transmitters for short-range optical links. We show that a low-complexity FEC can reduce the overall energy consumption of the transmitter.
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| 3. |
- Bamiedakis, N., et al.
(author)
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40 Gb/s Data Transmission Over a 1-m-Long Multimode Polymer Spiral Waveguide for Board-Level Optical Interconnects
- 2015
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In: Journal of Lightwave Technology. - 0733-8724 .- 1558-2213. ; 33:4, s. 882-888
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Optical interconnects have attracted considerable attention for use in short-reach communication links within high-performance electronic systems, such as data centers, supercomputers, and data storage systems. Multimode polymer waveguides, in particular, constitute an attractive technology for use in board-level interconnects as they can be cost-effectively integrated onto standard PCBs and allow system assembly with relaxed alignment tolerances. However, their highly multimoded nature raises important concerns about their bandwidth limitations and their potential to support very high on-board data rates. In this paper, we report record error-free (BER
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| 4. |
- Bamiedakis, N., et al.
(author)
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56 Gb/s PAM-4 data transmission over a 1 m long multimode polymer interconnect
- 2015
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In: CLEO: Science and Innovations, CLEO-SI 2015, San Jose; United States; 10-15 May 2015. - 9781557529688 ; , s. 2267-
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Advanced modulation formats can enable >40 Gb/s data rates in waveguide-based optical interconnects without the need for high-specification optoelectronic components. Record 56Gb/s PAM-4 data transmission is demonstrated over a 1 m-long multimode polymer waveguide.
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| 5. |
- Castro, Jose Manuel, et al.
(author)
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48.7 Gb/s 4-PAM Transmission over 200 m of High Bandwidth MMF using an 850 nm VCSEL
- 2015
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In: IEEE Photonics Technology Letters. - 1041-1135 .- 1941-0174. ; 27:17, s. 1799-1801
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We demonstrate 4-PAM 48.67 Gb/s transmission, using a directly modulated VCSEL, over 50, 100 and 200 m of multimode fiber with partial dispersion compensation properties. The results of our experiments indicate that 200 m reach is achievable with forward error correcting codes with small overhead.
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| 6. |
- Castro, Jose Manuel, et al.
(author)
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50 Gb/s 4-PAM over 200 m of High Bandwidth MMF using a 850 nm VCSEL
- 2015
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In: Optical Fiber Communication Conference 2015, Los Angeles, California, United States, 22–26 March 2015. - 9781557529374
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Experiments for transmission of 50Gb/s, 4-PAM using direct modulated VCSEL over 100m and 200m of MMF with partial dispersion compensation properties are presented.
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| 7. |
- Castro, J. M., et al.
(author)
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Investigation of 60 Gb/s 4-PAM Using an 850 nm VCSEL and Multimode Fiber
- 2016
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In: Journal of Lightwave Technology. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0733-8724 .- 1558-2213. ; 34:16, s. 3825-3836
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We investigate 4-pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM) at data rates in the range of 50-60 Gb/s using a directly modulated 850 nm VCSEL and multimode fiber links up to 200 m. The channel conditions in which 4-PAM has performance advantages over traditional ON-OFF keying are evaluated followed by experimental results at data rates of 56.7 Gb/s over distances up to 200 m using equalization and FEC, with a post-FEC bit error rate of 10(-12). The reported analysis is applicable to future Ethernet and Fibre Channel applications requiring 50 Gb/s serial data rates per lane over multimode fibers.
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| 8. |
- Chen, Jingjing, 1982, et al.
(author)
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An Energy Efficient 56 Gbps PAM-4 VCSEL Transmitter Enabled by a 100 Gbps Driver in 0.25 µm InP DHBT Technology
- 2016
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In: Journal of Lightwave Technology. - 0733-8724 .- 1558-2213. ; 34:21, s. 954-4964
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Datacenters demand higher speed VCSEL-based optical interconnects at low power consumption. As a potential technology enabler, this paper presents a wide bandwidth and energy efficient multilevel PAM VCSEL driver implemented in an InP 0.25 μm double heterojunction bipolar transistor (DHBT) technology. The operational bandwidth of the driver is verified and error-free electrical data transmission up to 56 Gbps PAM-2 and 100 Gbps PAM-4 is demonstrated at a driver energy consumption less than 2 pJ/bit. The driver is integrated and tested with an in-house fabricated 850 nm VCSEL. Error-free 56 Gbps PAM-4 optical transmission at a transmitter energy consumption of 3.7 pJ/bit is demonstrated without equalization. This is the highest data rate reported for an integrated PAM-4 modulated VCSEL transmitter, while being the most energy efficient above 40 Gbps operation. Moreover, the VCSEL driver offers a pre-emphasis feature at PAM-2 operation for improved link throughput and receiver sensitivity.
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| 9. |
- Gebski, M., et al.
(author)
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Ultra-thin VCSELs based on monolithic subwavelength high-index contrast surface gratings
- 2017
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In: 2016 IEEE Photonics Conference, IPC 2016. ; , s. 653-654
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present for the first time the measured power reflectance of GaAs monolithic high index contrast surface gratings (MHCGs) and computer simulations of various reduced-vertical-dimension VCSEL designs that employ these MHCG structures. We demonstrate the first optically-pumped MHCG DBR VCSELs with emission near 980 nm.
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| 10. |
- Gustavsson, Johan, 1974, et al.
(author)
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Silicon integrated 850-nm hybrid vertical-cavity laser for life science applications
- 2017
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In: VCSEL Day 2017.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The integration of efficient laser sources on silicon would enable fully integrated silicon photonic circuits with a high degree of functionality and performance complexity for many applications [1]. Different integration concepts have therefore been suggested, where one such technique is the heterogeneous integration of a vertical-cavity laser (VCL), referred to as a hybrid VCL. It is promising as it has potential to offer low drive currents, high modulation bandwidths, and small footprint [2-4]. In-plane emission with waveguide-coupling can be achieved by an intra-cavity waveguide embossed with a weak diffraction grating, as an example [5]. Integration of such short-wavelength laser sources on a silicon-nitride (SiN) waveguide platform on silicon may enable fully integrated silicon photonic circuits for applications not only in short-reach optical interconnects but also in life science and bio-photonics. As a first step in realizing short-wavelength hybrid VCLs with in-plane emission coupled to a SiN waveguide, we have developed a technique to produce high performance 850-nm hybrid VCLs with out-of-plane emission. It is based on adhesive bonding of epitaxial AlGaAs-material onto a dielectric distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) on silicon [6-8]. We have fabricated devices with surface emission having sub-mA threshold current, >2 mW output power, and 25 Gbit/s modulation speed [8]. To be able to demonstrate in-plane emission with SiN waveguide coupling from our hybrid 850-nm VCLs, our next step is to add a SiN waveguide structure with embossed grating on top of the dielectric DBR, before adhesively bonding the AlGaAs-material. So far, based on numerical simulations, we have designed a device that is predicted to yield a slope efficiency of ~0.3 W/A at 25 °C for the light coupled to a single-mode waveguide, while maintaining a sub-mA threshold current for the lasing [9]. This work is supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement no. 688519 (PIX4life), the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF), and the European FP7-ERC-InSpectra Advanced Grant. References [1] Z. Zhou et al., Light Sci. Appl., vol. 4, no. 11, p. e358, 2015. [2] Y. Tsunemi et al., Opt. Express, vol. 21, no. 23, p. 28685, 2013. [3] J. Ferrara et al., Opt. Express, vol. 23, no. 3, p. 2512, 2015. [4] G.C. Park et al., Laser Photon. Rev., vol. 9, no. 3, p. L11, 2015. [5] D. A. Louderback et al., Electron. Lett., vol. 40, no. 17, p. 1064, 2004. [6] E.P. Haglund et al., Opt. Express, vol. 23, no. 26, p. 33634, 2015. [7] E.P. Haglund et al., IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 28, no. 8, p. 856, 2016. [8] E.P. Haglund et al., IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron., vol. 23, no. 6, p. 1700109, 2017. [9] S. Kumari et al., Submitted to IEEE Photon. J.,2017.
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