| 1. |
- Bzhalava, Davit, et al.
(författare)
-
Viremia during pregnancy and risk of childhood leukemia and lymphomas in the offspring: Nested case-control study.
- 2016
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 138:9, s. 2212-2220
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A possible role for infections of the pregnant mother in the development of childhood acute leukemias and lymphomas has been suggested. However, no specific infectious agent has been identified. Offspring of 74,000 mothers who had serum samples taken during pregnancy and stored in a large-scale biobank were followed up to the age of 15 years (750,000 person years) through over-generation linkages between the biobank files, the Swedish national population and cancer registers to identify incident leukemia/lymphoma cases in the offspring. First-trimester sera from mothers of 47 cases and 47 matched controls were retrieved and analyzed using next generation sequencing. Anelloviruses were the most common viruses detected, found in 37/47 cases and in 40/47 controls, respectively (OR: 0.6, 95% CI: 0.2-1.9). None of the detected viruses was associated with leukemia/lymphoma in the offspring. Viremia during pregnancy was common, but no association with leukemia/lymphoma risk in the offspring was found.
|
|
| 2. |
- Fortner, Renée T, et al.
(författare)
-
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Does Not Correlate with Risk for Maternal Breast Cancer : Results from the Finnish Maternity Cohort
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Cancer Research. - 0008-5472 .- 1538-7445. ; 77:1, s. 134-141
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is necessary for the maintenance of early pregnancy and promotes normal breast cell differentiation. Administered hCG reduces risk of carcinogen-induced breast cancer in animal models, and higher circulating hCG concentrations were associated with significantly lower long-term risk of breast cancer in a prior nested case-control study. In this study, we investigated early-pregnancy hCG concentrations and subsequent breast cancer risk. We conducted a nested case-control study with 1,191 cases and 2,257 controls (matched on age and date at blood collection) in the Finnish Maternity Cohort, a cohort with serum samples from 98% of pregnancies registered in Finland since 1983. This study included women with a serum sample collected early (<140 days gestation) in their first pregnancy resulting in a live, term birth. Breast cancer cases were identified via the Finnish Cancer Registry. Age at breast cancer diagnosis ranged from 22 to 58 years (mean: 41 years). hCG was measured using a solid-phase competitive chemiluminescence assay. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated using conditional logistic regression. We observed no association between hCG and breast cancer risk, overall [Quartile 4 vs. 1, OR, 1.14; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.94-1.39], by estrogen and progesterone receptor status, or by ages at first-term birth or diagnosis. Associations did not differ by time between pregnancy and diagnosis (e.g., <5 years, ORQ4 vs. Q1, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.64-1.89; ≥15 years, ORQ4 vs. Q1, 1.36; 95% CI, 0.86-2.13; pheterogeneity = 0.62). This large prospective study does not support an inverse relationship between early pregnancy serum hCG concentrations and breast cancer risk.
|
|
| 3. |
- Lehtinen, Matti, et al.
(författare)
-
Matematiikan opetuksen ihanteet : [On the ideals of mathematics teacher]
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Tieteessä tapahtuu. - Helsinki : Tieteellisten seurain valtuuskunta. - 0781-7916 .- 1239-6540. ; 37:5, s. 3-10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Useimmilla meistä on pysyviä muistoja joistakin tietyistä oppiaineista ja niiden opettajapersoonista. Eräitä matematiikanopettajia muistellaan vielä vuosikymmeniä heidän kuolemansa jälkeen – niin hyvällä kuin pahallakin. Nämä muistot kertovat myös siitä, millaisia odotamme opettajiemme olevan.
|
|
| 4. |
- Mesher, David, et al.
(författare)
-
Population-level effects of human papillomavirus vaccination programs on infections with nonvaccine genotypes
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Emerging Infectious Diseases. - : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). - 1080-6040 .- 1080-6059. ; 22:10, s. 1732-1740
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We analyzed human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalences during prevaccination and postvaccination periods to consider possible changes in nonvaccine HPV genotypes after introduction of vaccines that confer protection against 2 high-risk types, HPV16 and HPV18. Our meta-analysis included 9 studies with data for 13,886 girls and women ≤19 years of age and 23,340 women 20–24 years of age. We found evidence of cross-protection for HPV31 among the younger age group after vaccine introduction but little evidence for reductions of HPV33 and HPV45. For the group this same age group, we also found slight increases in 2 nonvaccine high-risk HPV types (HPV39 and HPV52) and in 2 possible high-risk types (HPV53 and HPV73). However, results between age groups and vaccines used were inconsistent, and the increases had possible alternative explanations; consequently, these data provided no clear evidence for type replacement. Continued monitoring of these HPV genotypes is important.
|
|
| 5. |
- Ose, Jennifer, et al.
(författare)
-
Androgens Are Differentially Associated with Ovarian Cancer Subtypes in the Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Cancer Research. - 0008-5472 .- 1538-7445. ; 77:14, s. 3951-3960
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Invasive epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. The etiology of EOC remains elusive; however, experimental and epidemiologic data suggest a role for hormone-related exposures in ovarian carcinogenesis and risk factor differences by histologic phenotypes and developmental pathways. Research on prediagnosis androgen concentrations and EOC risk has yielded inconclusive results, and analyses incorporating EOC subtypes are sparse. We conducted a pooled analysis of 7 nested case–control studies in the Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium to investigate the association between pre-diagnosis circulating androgens [testosterone, free testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS)], sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), and EOC risk by tumor characteristics (i.e., histology, grade, and stage). The final study population included 1,331 EOC cases and 3,017 matched controls. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to assess risk associations in pooled individual data. Testosterone was positively associated with EOC risk (all subtypes combined, ORlog2 = 1.12; 95% confidence interval 1.02–1.24); other endogenous androgens and SHBG were not associated with overall risk. Higher concentrations of testosterone and androstenedione associated with an increased risk in endometrioid and mucinous tumors [e.g., testosterone, endometrioid tumors, ORlog2 = 1.40 (1.03–1.91)], but not serous or clear cell. An inverse association was observed between androstenedione and high grade serous tumors [ORlog2 = 0.76 (0.60–0.96)]. Our analyses provide further evidence for a role of hormone-related pathways in EOC risk, with differences in associations between androgens and histologic subtypes of EOC.
|
|
| 6. |
- Ose, Jennifer, et al.
(författare)
-
Pre-diagnosis insulin-like growth factor-I and risk of epithelial invasive ovarian cancer by histological subtypes : A collaborative re-analysis from the Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Cancer Causes and Control. - : SPRINGER. - 0957-5243 .- 1573-7225. ; 28:5, s. 429-435
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biologic evidence suggests that the Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-family may be involved in the etiology of epithelial invasive ovarian cancer (EOC). However, prospective studies investigating the role of IGF-I in ovarian carcinogenesis have yielded conflicting results. We pooled and harmonized data from 6 case-control studies nested within the Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium to investigate the association between pre-diagnosis IGF-I concentrations and subsequent risk of EOC. We evaluated IGF-I concentrations and risk of EOC overall and by tumor subtype (defined by histology, grade, stage) in 1,270 cases and 2,907 matched controls. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Doubling of IGF-I concentration was associated with significantly lower risk of overall EOC [ORlog2 = 0.82; CI 0.72-0.93]. We observed no heterogeneity by tumor characteristics (e.g., histology, p (het) = 0.62), menopausal status at blood collection (p (het) = 0.79), or age at diagnosis (p (het) = 0.60). These results suggest that IGF-I concentrations are inversely associated with EOC risk, independent of histological phenotype. Future prospective research should consider potential mechanisms for this association, including, considering other members of the IGF-family to better characterize the role of IGF-signaling in the etiology of EOC.
|
|
| 7. |
- Schock, Helena, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
-
Early pregnancy IGF-I and placental GH and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer : A nested case-control study
- 2015
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 137:2, s. 439-447
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) signaling may promote ovarian tumor development by exerting mitotic, antiapoptotic and proangiogenic effects. During pregnancy, maternal production of IGF-I is regulated by placental growth hormone (GH). Parity is an established protective factor for ovarian cancer, however, no prior study has evaluated placental GH and IGF-I in pregnancy and epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Prior prospective studies on the association between IGF-I and EOC in nonpregnant populations were inconclusive and did not address associations in subtypes of EOC. Among members of the Finnish Maternity Cohort and the Northern Sweden Maternity Cohort, we identified 1,045 EOC cases, diagnosed after recruitment (1975-2008) and before March 2011 and 2,658 individually matched controls. Placental GH and IGF-I were measured in serum from the last pregnancy before EOC diagnosis or selection as control. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for tertiles and a doubling of hormone concentrations. Higher IGF-I was associated with a nonsignificant decrease in risk for invasive [ORT3 vs. T1 : 0.79 (0.62-1.02); ptrend = 0.07] and endometrioid tumors [ORT3 vs. T1 : 0.55 (0.28-1.07); ptrend = 0.07]. The protective association between higher IGF-I levels and risk of invasive EOC was stronger in analyses limited to women aged <55 years at diagnosis [ORT3 vs. T1 : 0.74 (0.57-0.96); ptrend = 0.03]. Our study provides the first data on placental GH and IGF-I in pregnancy and EOC risk overall and by subtype. Our data suggest higher IGF-I levels in pregnancy may be associated with lower risk of invasive and endometrioid EOC.
|
|
| 8. |
- Schock, Helena, et al.
(författare)
-
Hormone concentrations throughout uncomplicated pregnancies : a longitudinal study
- 2016
-
Ingår i: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2393 .- 1471-2393. ; 16
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Evidence suggests that the hormonal milieu of pregnancy is an important determinant of subsequent cancer and other chronic diseases in both the mother and the offspring. Many of the existing maternity and birth cohorts include specimens drawn only once during pregnancy. How well a single blood specimen collected during a pregnancy characterizes exposure to these hormones throughout gestation, and also in subsequent pregnancies, is not well understood.Methods: We used serial serum samples from 71 pregnant women (25 primiparous, 25 multiparous, and 21 with two consecutive pregnancies) with natural, complication-free pregnancies and a healthy offspring at term who participated in a population-based screening trial for congenital infections in Finland between January 1st, 1988 and June 30, 1989 and provided a blood sample in each trimester.Results: Hormone levels were more strongly correlated between consecutive trimesters of a pregnancy than between the 1st and 3rd trimester (e.g., estradiol, r(T1 vs. T2) = 0.51 and r(T2 vs. T3) = 0.60, p < 0.01; r(T1 vs. T3) = 0.32, p < 0.05). Concentrations of sRANKL remained stable throughout gestation, whereas estradiol, estrone, progesterone, testosterone, prolactin, and osteoprotegerin increased throughout pregnancy. First trimester hormone concentrations explained less of the variation in the third trimester on their own than second trimester hormone levels (e.g. estradiol R-T1(2) = 16 % and R-T2(2) = 42 %). Addition of maternal (e.g., smoking) and/or child characteristics (e.g., sex) improved the accuracy of the 3rd trimester estimates for some of the hormones.Conclusions: One hormone measurement in early pregnancy, in conjunction with maternal and fetal characteristics, permits estimation of 3rd trimester hormone concentrations. Therefore, single hormone measurements available from maternity cohorts are suitable to quantify hormone exposure during pregnancy. To our knowledge, we provide the first data on correlations between hormone concentrations both across trimesters of a single pregnancy, as well as between two subsequent pregnancies.
|
|
