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- Beckman, William A, et al.
(författare)
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TRNSYS, the most complete solar energy system modeling and simulation software
- 1994
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Ingår i: Renewable energy. - 0960-1481 .- 1879-0682. ; 5:1-4, s. 486-488
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The five computer programs TRNSYS, PRESIM, TRNSED, ONLINE, and PREBID have been put together into a program package which is the most complete solar energy system modeling and simulation software that is available today.
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| 3. |
- Lindberg, Eva
(författare)
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Crohn's disease : Studies on epidemiology, twins, aetiological factors and clinical course with special reference to smoking
- 1992
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In an epidemiological study of the incidence of Crohn's disease in Orebro county during the 25-year period 1963-1987, the mean annual incidence was 6.1/105 inhabitants. During the first five year period the mean incidence was 4.3 but during the following four quinquennia the incidence was stable at around 6.6/105 inhabitants. The point prevalence at 31/12 1987 was 146/105, with male to female ratio of 1:1.15. The mean age at diagnosis increased from 23 to 32 years. No cohort more prone to develop the disease was found. Of the 246 incidence cases 5 patients had died of Crohn's disease.The genetic influence was analysed in 18 monozygotic and 26 dizygotic twin palrs with Crohn's disease. Eight of the monozygotic palrs were concordant for the disease but only one of the dizygotic pairs. The proband concordance rate was 58.3% for monozygotic twins and the heritability of liability (r) 1.0. The corresponding figures for dizygotic twins were 3.9% and 0.47. When comparing with ulcerative colitis the heritability was found to be significantly stronger in Crohn's disease.A case-control study of smoking habits in 144 patients and 259 matched population controls showed that smoking doubled the risk of aquiring Crohn's disease. In former smokers a non-significant increased risk was observed.The effects of smoking on the localization and course of Crohn's disease was evaluated in 231 patients. Patients with high life time tobacco exposure (>150 cig.years) had small bowel disease more often than patients with low life time exposure. Heavy smokers(> 10 cig./day) had a slightly increased risk to be operated at least once, odds ratios after 5 and 10 years of follow up for heavy smokers compared to never smokersbeing 1.14 and 1.24 respectively. The risk for heavy smokers to be operated twice or more was even higher after 10 years offollow up, the odds ratio being 1.79. The accumulated number of fistulae and/or abscesses was higher in smokers than never smokers.Twenty-six monozygotic twin pairs with inflammatory bowel disease and 52 healthy controls were investigated for serum antibodies (IgA, IgG, IgM) against ovalbuntin, betalactoglobulin, gliadin, whole yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and mannan. Twins that had developed Crohn's disease displayed higher titers of all three antibodies towards mannan, and also higher IgA towards yeast. Their healthy twin hadhigher IgA to mannan and yeast. These results suggest that yeast cell wall material for instance mannan or some antigen rich in mannose and cross reacting with mannan might play an aetiological role in Crohn's disease.Conclusion: The incidence of Crohn's disease has been stable during the last 20 years. The genetic influence is important. Smoking increases the risk of aquiring Crohn's disease and heavy smokers have a worse outcome of the disease. Patients with high life time tobacco exposure more often have small bowel disease. Mannan or agents cross-reacting with mannan may play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. However, not even similar smoking and dietary (as ntirrored by dietary antibodies) habits in identical twins are sufficient to cause disease. Additional factors are needed.
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| 4. |
- Lindberg, Eva
(författare)
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Solar energy in Czechoslovakia
- 1990
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of my tour to Czechoslovakia was to participate the Third International Conference Applied Optics in Solar Energy, which was held in Prague, Octoher 2-6, 1989, and then visit some scientific institutes and solar collector plants as guest of the Czechoslovakian Academy of Science. This was made possihle hy an exchange researcher grant from the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences.
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| 5. |
- Lindberg, Eva
(författare)
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Solar position diagram
- 1990
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Program SOLVEJ är ett användarvänligt program som visar solens vandring över himlavalvet vid upp till fem valfria datum och vid valfri ort. Programmet är utvecklat av två skäl. För det första, att demonstreras för en intresserad allmänhet som del av vandringsutställning om solenergi, vilken är initierad och utarbetad av SERC. För det andra, att användas av solenerglintressenter för att snabbt få en uppfattning om solinstrålningen på en ort vid olika tidpunkter på året. Indata till programmet ges från tangentbordet. Som svar på frågor skrivs för vilken ort diagrammet skall gälla, max fem datum, ortens latitud och longitud, som anges positiv i västlig riktning, samt tidszonen. Varje uppgift avslutas med tryck på tangenten ENTER. Programmet kommer nu att rita ett koordinatsystem på skärmen. Första axeln visar vädersträcken, norr, öster, söder, väster och norr, varje delstreck utgör 10 grader. För södra halvklotet byter norr och söder plats. Andra axeln visar höjden över horisonten i grader, 0 till 90 grader och 10 grader för varje delstreck. Efter några sekunder ritas diagrammet upp med solhöjden som funktion av väderstrecket och varje hel timme markerad. Se fig. 1-4. Slutligen frågas efter om diagrammet skall ritas ut på printer. SOLVEJ avbrytes med att trycka CTRL+BREAK. SOLVEJ är skrivet i Quick-BASIC (se App. 1) och leveras både som källkod och körklar version. Lämplig dator är IBM-kompatibel AT med EGA- eller VGA-skärmkort (ej Herkules Lämplig printer är IBM Proprinter eller liknande matrisskrivare, kopplad till LPT1 på kommunikationskortet. Till grund för beräkningarna har använts artikeln On Calculating the Position of the Sun, publicerad i nr. 1 1988 av The International Journal of Ambient Energy. Fem empiriska ekvationer beträffande beräkningar av solens position har studerats för att undersöka deras tillförlitlighet. Felaktigheter på fem grader eller mer kan uppträda om man använder sig av de enkla ekvationer som kan hittas solenergi-böcker och som inte kräver tillgång till dator. FORTRAN-rutinen SUNAE2 (se App. 2) beräknar solpositionen med noggrannast kända metod. Program SOLVEJ är en utveckling av SUNAE2.
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