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- Arnell, Robert, et al.
(författare)
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Biotechnological Approach to the Synthesis of 9α-Hydroxylated Steroids
- 2007
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Ingår i: Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1082-6068 .- 1532-2297. ; 37:4, s. 309-321
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The steroid 9α-hydroxylase gene has been cloned from Mycobacterium smegmatis into Escherichia coli BL21. Progesterone added to bioreactors was subjected to in vivo transformation into 9α-hydroxyprogesterone. In 7 days, 43.6 mg9α-hydroxyprogesterone was formed from 53.8 mg/L progesterone. The enzyme also has shown evidence of processing 4-androstene-3,17-dione in vivo. An extensive analytical method development, including LLE, HPLC-DAD, MS, andNMR was performed to verify the product and to enable a quantitative analysis. Protocols for analytical and preparative separation have been developed, using binaphtol as internal standard. Both the growth pattern and the bioconversion ratewere unaffected by the presence of binaphtol in the bioreactor. The enzyme was purified by immobilised metal affinity and ion exchange chromatography, resulting in low in vitro activity.
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- Barfod, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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In vitro selection of RNA aptamers against a conserved region of the Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Parasitology Reseach. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-1955 .- 0932-0113. ; Aug 20, s. 1557-1566
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The var-gene encoding Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) is known to play a major role in the pathogenicity of the P. falciparum parasite. The protein enables the parasite to adhere to the endothelial linings of small blood vessels (cytoadherence) as well as to non-infected erythrocytes (rosetting), thus preventing clearance from the bloodstream. The development and spread of resistance towards most anti-malarial drugs used for treatment and prevention of the most severe form of malaria truly emphasise the importance of a continuous research and development of new drugs. In this study we use Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment (SELEX) methodology to isolate high-affinity ligands (aptamers). To validate the results from the SELEX in vitro selection, different aptamers have been selected against PfEMP1 in a live cell assay of P. falciparum strain FCR3S1.2, a highly rosetting strain. We have been able to show the rosette disrupting capacity of these SELEX-aptamers at concentrations of 33 nM and with 100% disruption at 387 nM. The described results show that RNA aptamers are promising candidates for adjunct therapy in severe malaria.
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- Behrends, Sönke, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of urban freight transport: a definition of sustainability from an actors perspective
- 2008
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Ingår i: Transportation Planning and Technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1029-0354 .- 0308-1060. ; 31:6, s. 693-713
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this article is to firstly, present a definition of sustainable urban freight transport (SUFT) based on existing theories, and secondly to develop an indicator set that describes SUFT. The definition of SUFT makes a categorisation of actions possible which enables the actors to select effective strategies towards SUFT. The indicator set consists of two levels: 1. impact indicators which describe how urban freight transport violates the principles of sustainability; and 2. performance indicators which describe different categories determining the characteristics and performance of the urban transport system. A literature study is conducted to analyse the characteristics determining the performance of the actors in the urban freight transport chain. Knowing the current state and improvement potentials of the urban freight transport system are prerequisites for defining successful strategies and implementing effective actions.
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- Derlén, Mattias, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Mickelsson: två män på vattenskoter vänder upp-och-ner på fri rörlighet för varor
- 2009
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Ingår i: Svensk Juristtidning. - 0039-6591. ; 94:10, s. 1072-1086
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- EG-domstolen avkunnade nyligen dom i Mickelsson, ett mål som gällde begränsningar av bruket av vattenskotrar i svenska vatten. Domen i Mickelsson belyser en föga diskuterad dimension av den redan komplicerade frågan om hur principen om fri rörlighet ska tillämpas och, närmare bestämt, vad som utgör en sådan åtgärd med motsvarande verkan som en kvantitativ restriktion (ÅMV) vilken är förbjuden enligt artikel 28 EG. Brukanderegler av det slag som behandlades i Mickelsson passar inte den traditionella uppdelningen i produktregler och försäljningsåtgärder som EG-domstolen etablerade i Keck. Denna artikel undersöker EG-domstolens praxis kring brukanderegler med utgångspunkt i Mickelsson och det relaterade målet mellankommissionen och Italien. Dessa domar klargör hur brukandereglers förenlighetmed artikel 28 EG ska bedömas. Genom domarna har dock EG-domstolen även tagit ett viktigt steg mot en förenklad tillämpning av artikel 28 i allmänhet.
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