| 1. |
- Wallin, Paul, 1961-, et al.
(author)
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Anakena Re-visited : New Perspectives on Old Problems at Anakena, Rapa Nui
- 2022. - 1
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In: The Prehistory of Rapa Nui (Easter Island). - Cham : Springer Nature. - 9783030911263 - 9783030911270 ; , s. 109-137
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- It is now over 30 years since we participated in the large-scale archaeological excavations at Anakena (Fig. 6.1). The results of the excavations are published in the Kon-Tiki Museum Occasional Papers (Skjølsvold 1994). The accumulated results from archaeological research on Rapa Nui subsequent to our initial excavations at Anakena justify a re-assessment of the remains and the chronological aspects at this site. New radiocarbon-dated samples have been added to the analysis and discussion of Rapa Nui prehistory, and old samples have been re-analyzed several times (see, for example, Martinsson-Wallin et al. 2013; Martinsson-Wallin and Crockford 2002; Wallin et al. 2010; Wilmshurst et al. 2011).In this respect, we suggest that it is important to re-analyze the activity and settlement sites and monuments at Anakena and their importance for ritual activities from the time of initial colonization onward. The aim of this paper is to provide new explanations and interpretations of the formation processes of the Anakena site with special attention to the activity area we named Nau Nau East (Fig. 6.2). Featuresobserved in this activity area included a small standing stone image upright that was crudely carved, hearths, refusal pits, postholes, grinding activities and a stone line demarcation.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Martinsson-Wallin, Helene, 1959-
(author)
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Warfare in Rapa Nui (Easter Island)
- 2022
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In: Archaeological Perspectives on Conflict and Warfare in Australia and the Pacific. - Canberra : Australian National University Press. - 9781760464882 - 9781760464899 ; , s. 69-87
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Evidence of massacre, trauma on human skeletal remains, finds of used weapons, depictions of fighting on rock carvings and pottery, destruction of monuments, built defensive structures such as earth forts, and descriptions of warfare and violence in oral traditions point to the existence of organised warfare in pre-text societies. The aim of this chapter is to review and discuss the evidence of warfare and violence in pre- and protohistoric Rapa Nui (Easter Island) using data from oral traditions, the analysis of material culture, and information from human skeletal remains.
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| 4. |
- Poort, Marije Eileen, et al.
(author)
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“Authenticity” as a Pathway to Sustainable Cultural Tourism? : The Cases of Gotland and Rapa Nui
- 2021
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In: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 13:11
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper, two World Heritage island destinations are compared, Gotland in the Baltic and Rapa Nui in the Pacific. Both islands deal with a growing number of tourists, which asks for rethinking of tourism development. As cultural heritage plays a major role in tourism for both destinations, it is especially important to look into sustainable cultural tourism development from the perspective of authenticity. The paper is based on a variety of materials and takes an innovative approach to methods through a student–staff collaboration. The data show that social acceptance of tourism by local communities on both islands could be achieved through the creation of authentic experiences. Furthermore, data show that it is rather potent to engage both locals and tourists in modernized authentic experiences. However, this can only be done if locals are empowered and are genuinely allowed to steer the development of tourism.
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| 5. |
- Poort, Marije, et al.
(author)
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More or less? : A conjunctural analysis of differing views on the development of cruise tourism
- 2021
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In: Studia Periegetica. - : WSB University in Poznań. - 1897-9262 .- 2658-1736. ; 36:4, s. 49-70
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article is based on a qualitative study regarding two World Heritage Island destinations, Gotland in the Baltic Sea and Rapa Nui in the Pacific Ocean. The two islands are used as cases illustrating different views on the development of cruise tourism. By applying conjunctural analysis the authors are able to account for the broader context of cruise tourism. Different perspectives on cruise tourism are found to be embedded in both local and global contexts, which are associated with three kinds of challenges: cruise tourism is developing without the local community’s involvement in decision making, it is not aligned with the aims of local tourism and ignores local products and services. We therefore call for more involvement of the local community in the development of cruise tourism.
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| 6. |
- Strandberg, Nichola Ann, et al.
(author)
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Landscape development at Lina myr fen, Eastern Gotland, 9000-2500 cal. yr BP
- 2020
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In: The Holocene. - : SAGE Publications. - 0959-6836 .- 1477-0911. ; 30:8, s. 1205-1219
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Using diatoms, pollen, and geochemistry, we explore human habitation around Lina myr, Gotland, in relation to shore displacement. Archeological evidence has shown that Lina myr was an important area for its prehistoric human inhabitants. We investigate if and when Lina myr was connected to the sea and could therefore have been part of an inland water system useful for transport. A chronology was based on C-14 AMS dating of terrestrial macrofossils and bulk sediments with dates ranging between 9100 and 2360 cal. yr BP. The initiation of the Littorina transgression was dated to 8500 cal. yr BP. A twofold pattern for the maximum sub-phase of the Littorina Sea is suggested from 8100 to 7500 cal. yr BP and from 6500 to 6000 cal. yr BP. The onset of cultivation and grazing was indicated by the presence of Hordeum and Plantago lanceolata in the pollen record during the Late Neolithic, at about 4580 cal. yr BP. During this time sea level was relatively higher than today and the Lina myr basin was connected with the Littorina Sea, which it continued to be until isostatic uplift caused it to become isolated at about 3820 cal. yr BP. After about 3000 cal. yr BP, human-made landscape changes intensified, grasslands increased, and shrublands decreased.
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