| 1. |
- Monstein, Hans-Jurg, 1946-, et al.
(författare)
-
Vasopressin receptor mRNA expression in the human gastrointestinal tract
- 2008
-
Ingår i: European Surgical Research. - : S. Karger AG. - 0014-312X .- 1421-9921. ; 40:1, s. 34-40
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Aim: Vasopressin and oxytocin are closely related peptides, and both exert effects on the gastrointestinal function. In the present study, we wanted to map the expression of vasopressin receptor mRNAs (V1a, V1b/V3, and V2) in nontumorous tissue biopsy specimens of human gastrointestinal tract and surrounding tissues. Methods: Total and polyA+ RNAs were isolated from human tissue biopsy specimens using an automated nucleic acid extractor and, subsequently, converted into single-stranded cDNA. Seminested PCR amplifications were carried out, using gene-specific V1a, V1b/V3, and V2 receptor primers. The PCR amplicons were partially sequenced to confirm their identity. Results: The present study demonstrated the expression of vasopressin receptor mRNAs in human gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, kidney, lung, brain, and ovary. The expression pattern varied between different parts of the gastrointestinal tract. In the colon ascendens, V1a receptor mRNA expression could not be detected in 3 out of 4 analyzed tissue biopsy specimens. On the other hand, all the vasopressin receptor mRNAs were expressed in all colon transversum biopsy samples. Conclusions: V1a, V1b/V3, and V2 receptor mRNAs are widely expressed throughout human gastrointestinal tract and surrounding tissues. The data obtained provide information for further mapping and determination of the physiological role of the vasopressin receptor mRNA expression in normal and tumorous tissues.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Bengtsson, Mariette, et al.
(författare)
-
A course of instruction for women with irritable bowel syndrome.
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Patient Education and Counseling. - : Elsevier BV. - 0738-3991. ; 62:Aug 9, s. 118-125
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effects a course of instruction about irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) might have on symptoms, psychological well-being, and medical care requirements in these patients. Methods: Twenty-nine women with IBS participated in a programme of instruction on medical care, physical activity, stress-management, diet and health insurance. The women completed the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale and the Psychological General Well-Being Index and provided information about their requirements of medical care before and after the course. Results: Twenty-three of the women included, completed the questionnaires at 12 months after the course. When comparing these values to those at baseline, there were improvements in abdominal pain (p < 0.037) and vitality (p < 0.045) as well as a reduction in the number of visits to physicians (p < 0.037) and dieticians (p < 0.042). Conclusion: Information related to the disease, might help women with IBS to perceive less pain and more vitality and thereby experience a higher quality of life. Practice implications: A course of instruction for patients with IBS maybe of benefit for the patients, and could be apart of a multicomponent approach in the treatment of this patient group. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 4. |
- Bengtsson, Mariette, et al.
(författare)
-
Development and psychometric testing of the Visual Analogue Scale for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (VAS-IBS).
- 2007
-
Ingår i: BMC Gastroenterology. - : BioMed Central Ltd.. - 1471-230X. ; 7, s. 16-16
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The aim of this study was to develop and psychometrically test a short, patient-reported questionnaire to be used in clinical practice for patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). The Visual Analogue Scale for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (VAS-IBS) questionnaire was designed to measure the treatment response of symptoms and well-being in patients suffering from IBS. Methods: The VAS-IBS was psychometrically tested for content and criterion validity, scale acceptability, item-reduction, internal reliability consistency, simplicity, and speed. Two samples were used. One expert panel (five physicians and four registered nurses), who gave their opinion on the content validity, and one of 71 patients with IBS (mean age 38 years SD + 13, range 19-65), who completed the VAS-IBS, as well as the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale and the Psychological General Well-Being Index for criterion validity. Results: The items in the VAS-IBS capture the main physical concerns women with IBS might present and the psychometric testing confirmed that the VAS-IBS is an acceptable homogeneous patient-reported questionnaire indicated by Cronbach's alpha internal consistency reliability coefficient, with a value of 0.85. All correlations to test the criterion validity performed by using Pearson's correlation test, were statistically significant (p < 0.0001) and in the expected directions. The VAS-IBS is easy to complete and unproblematic to calculate. Conclusion: The VAS-IBS appears to be reliable and user-friendly, for patients as well as for health professionals. The final version of the VAS-IBS including nine items needs to be further tested in clinical practice cross-culturally in women as well as in men.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Bengtsson, Mariette, et al.
(författare)
-
The nursing and medical students´motivation to attain knowledge
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Nurse Education Today. - : Elsevier. - 0260-6917 .- 1532-2793. ; :2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The aim was to gather information regarding what students consider important for their motivation to attain knowledge, in order to shape courses that foster this motivation. Method: A qualitative design comprising focus groups including 31 nursing and medical students for interviews, semi-structured questions, and content analysis was utilized. Result: The students thought it was important to coordinate more superficial knowledge with learning in depth, and to apply the theoretical knowledge in practise. Self-motivation, committed teachers and discussions with other students were considered to be important for learning. The difference between the groups was that the nurses were focused on their assessments because of lack of time, while the medical students were more learning for life. Their greatest problem was to know what of all knowledge they needed to learn and should focus on. Conclusion: The motivation must come from the students themselves, but dedicated teachers giving performance feed-back, discussions in different forms and choices of learning and assessment methods enhance enthusiasm and learning. By providing an educational environment that resonates with the students’ needs, teachers may be successful in their teaching.
|
|
| 7. |
- Bengtsson, Mariette, et al.
(författare)
-
Women with irritable bowel syndrome and their perception of a good quality of life
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Gastroenterology Nursing. - : Lippincott Williams and Wilkins Ltd.. - 1042-895X .- 1538-9766. ; 30:2, s. 74-82
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Irritable bowel syndrome has a negative impact on a person's quality of life, but only a few existing studies have been based on patients' own perceptions. This study therefore aimed to collect information on the view of female patients with irritable bowel syndrome regarding what constitutes a good quality of life for them and to create a healthcare model for these patients. For the study, 30 women with irritable bowel syndrome (median age, 38.5 years; range, 20-65 years) responded in writing to a single, all-inclusive question: What is your perception of a good quality of life? When the questionnaires were returned, there was time for a short dialogue, and notes of the conversations were made. Data were analyzed qualitatively according to Burnard's method of thematic content analysis. The answers also were counted and thereby quantified. The women's perception of a good quality of life could be divided into five categories: (a) physical and mental health, (b) social well-being, (c) welfare, (d) strength and energy, and (e) self-fulfillment. According to the results, a healthcare model for patients with irritable bowel syndrome should include four main areas: (a) treatment of the patient's symptoms, (b) confirmation of the patient, (c) confirmation of the diagnosis, and (d) instruction for the patient. The healthcare model should be focused on the primary care level and should include a longitudinal plan of healthcare that also describes the secondary care level.
|
|
| 8. |
- Borg, Julia, et al.
(författare)
-
Gastroparesis is associated with oxytocin deficiency, oesophageal dysmotility with hyperCCKemia, and autonomic neuropathy with hypergastrinemia
- 2009
-
Ingår i: BMC Gastroenterology. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-230X. ; 9, s. Article number 17-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) dysmotility and autonomic neuropathy are common problems among diabetics with largely unknown aetiology. Many peptides are involved in the autonomic nervous system regulating the GI tract. The aim of this study was to examine if concentrations of oxytocin, cholecystokinin (CCK), gastrin and vasopressin in plasma differ between diabetics with normal function and dysfunction in GI motility.Methods: Nineteen patients with symptoms from the GI tract who had been examined with gastric emptying scintigraphy, oesophageal manometry, and deep-breathing test were included. They further received a fat-rich meal, after which blood samples were collected and plasma frozen until analysed for hormonal concentrations.Results: There was an increase in postprandial oxytocin plasma concentration in the group with normal gastric emptying (p = 0.015) whereas subjects with delayed gastric emptying had no increased oxytocin secretion (p = 0.114). Both CCK and gastrin levels increased after the meal, with no differences between subjects with normal respective delayed gastric emptying. The concentration of vasopressin did not increase after the meal. In patients with oesophageal dysmotility the basal level of CCK tended to be higher (p = 0.051) and those with autonomic neuropathy had a higher area under the curve (AUC) of gastrin compared to normal subjects (p = 0.007).Conclusion: Reduced postprandial secretion of oxytocin was found in patients with delayed gastric emptying, CCK secretion was increased in patients with oesophageal dysmotility, and gastrin secretion was increased in patients with autonomic neuropathy. The findings suggest that disturbed peptide secretion may be part of the pathophysiology of digestive complications in diabetics.
|
|
| 9. |
- Borg, Julia, et al.
(författare)
-
Oesophageal dysmotility, delayed gastric emptying and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with diabetes mellitus.
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Diabetic Medicine. - : Wiley. - 1464-5491 .- 0742-3071. ; 24:11, s. 1235-1239
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims Gastroparesis is a common gastrointestinal complication in diabetes mellitus, whereas dysfunction in the other gastrointestinal organs has been less thoroughly investigated. Furthermore, it is not known whether there is any relationship between motility and dysmotility between these organs. The aim of this study was to examine whether diabetic patients with gastrointestinal symptoms also have motility disturbances in the oesophagus and stomach and, if so, whether there are any associations between these disturbances. Methods Thirty-one patients with diabetes mellitus who complained of gastrointestinal symptoms were asked to complete a questionnaire about their symptoms. They were further investigated with oesophageal manometry and gastric emptying scintigraphy. Results Fifty-eight per cent of the patients had abnormal oesophageal function, and 68% had delayed gastric emptying. Abdominal fullness was the only symptom that related to any dysfunction, and it was associated with delayed gastric emptying (P = 0.02). We did not find any relationship in motility or dysmotility between the oesophagus and the stomach. Conclusion Oesophageal dysmotility, as well as gastroparesis, are common in patients with diabetes who have gastrointestinal symptoms. It is important to investigate these patients further, to be able to reach an accurate diagnosis and instigate appropriate treatment. Our findings indicate that the oesophagus and the stomach function as separate organs and that pathology in one does not necessarily mean pathology in the other.
|
|
| 10. |
- Hjalmarsson, Claes, et al.
(författare)
-
Does Epidermal Growth Factor Participate in the Regulation of Glucose, Insulin and Glucagon Levels?
- 2006
-
Ingår i: European Surgical Research. - : S. Karger AG. - 0014-312X .- 1421-9921. ; 38:4, s. 377-384
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <i>Background/Aims:</i> The presence of receptors for epidermal growth factor (EGF) on β cells in the rat pancreatic islets has been established, but the physiological role remains to be settled. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of EGF on glucose homeostasis. <i>Methods:</i> Fasted rats were treated with intraperitoneal injections of 10, 40 or 80 µg/kg body weight, either with EGF or 1% bovine serum albumin (controls). In a second experiment, fasted rats received an intraperitoneal injection of 1 mg glucose/kg body weight, followed by an injection of EGF or bovine serum albumin. Blood was drawn before the injections and at different time points afterwards. The plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin and glucagon were measured. <i>Results:</i>A modest elevation of the concentrations of glucose and insulin in plasma during the study was found in fasted rats in experiment 1. The increase in insulin concentration was attenuated by EGF, but after glucose injection this effect was reversed. Plasma glucagon levels were dose-dependently elevated by EGF and increased instead of decreased after glucose injection. <i>Conclusion:</i> Our data suggest that EGF might play an important role in the regulation of glucagon secretion by preventing the lowering effect of glucose on plasma glucagon levels.
|
|
