| 1. |
- Akram, SK, et al.
(författare)
-
Placental IGF-I, estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptor expression, and maternal anthropometry in growth-restricted pregnancies in the Swedish population
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Hormone research in paediatrics. - : S. Karger AG. - 1663-2826 .- 1663-2818. ; 75:2, s. 131-137
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <i>Background/Aims:</i> Fetal growth restriction is a complex problem of pregnancy arising from multiple etiologies. Key regulatory elements of growth are the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis, and estrogen and progesterone receptors. The aims were to determine the relations of expression of IGF-I, estrogen receptors α and β (ERα and ERβ, respectively), and progesterone receptor (PR), with maternal anthropometry, focusing on birth weight outcomes. <i>Methods:</i> Placental samples were obtained from 33 patients following delivery. mRNA expression was determined by a solution hybridization technique. Samples were divided into normal control (NC) and growth-restricted (GR) groups. <i>Results:</i> IGF-I expression was lower in the GR as compared to the NC group. PR levels correlated positively with IGF-I expression, infant anthropometry, and gestational age (GR). ERα correlated positively with PR expression (NC), and maternal BMI at delivery (GR). ERβ correlated positively with maternal delivery weight and gestational age (NC). <i>Conclusion:</i> The differences in placental expression of IGF-I emphasize its key role in birth weight outcomes. We further suggest the importance of PR expression in the pathogenesis of intrauterine growth restriction, as there were direct correlations of PR expression with both IGF-I expression and infant anthropometric parameters, as well as gestational age.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- O'Byrne, P. M., et al.
(författare)
-
Measuring asthma control: a comparison of three classification systems
- 2010
-
Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 1399-3003 .- 0903-1936. ; 36:2, s. 269-276
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are various ways to classify asthma control; however, no classification is universally accepted. This retrospective analysis compared asthma control as assessed by the Asthma Control Questionnaire (5-item version; ACQ-5), Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) or Gaining Optimal Asthma Control (GOAL) study criteria. Pooled data at the final study week (n=8,188) from three budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy studies which measured ACQ-5 were stratified according to GINA or GOAL criteria and ACQ-5 score distribution. The percentages of patients with a controlled/partly controlled week (GINA), totally/well-controlled week (GOAL) and range of ACQ-5 cut-off points were compared. Patients with GINA controlled, partly controlled and uncontrolled asthma had mean ACQ-5 scores of 0.43, 0.75 and 1.62, respectively. Patients with GOAL totally controlled, well-controlled and uncontrolled asthma had ACQ-5 scores of 0.39, 0.78 and 1.63. The kappa measure of agreement was 0.80 for GINA and GOAL criteria, and 0.63 for GINA controlled/partly controlled and ACQ-5 <1.00. ACQ-5 detected clinically important improvements in 49% of patients who, according to GINA criteria, remained uncontrolled at the end of the study. Asthma control measured by GINA or GOAL criteria provides similar results. GINA Controlled/Partly Controlled and GOAL Totally Controlled/Well-Controlled correspond to ACQ-5 <1.00. The ACQ-5 is more responsive to change in a clinical trial setting than a categorical scale.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Reddel, H. K., et al.
(författare)
-
Effect of different asthma treatments on risk of cold-related exacerbations
- 2011
-
Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 1399-3003 .- 0903-1936. ; 38:3, s. 584-593
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Common colds often trigger asthma exacerbations. The present study compared cold-related severe exacerbations during budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy, and different regimens of maintenance inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), with or without long-acting beta(2)-agonists (LABA), and with as-needed short-acting beta(2)-agonists (SABA) or LABA. Reported colds and severe exacerbations (defined by oral corticosteroid use and/or hospitalisation/emergency room visit) were assessed for 12,507 patients during 6-12 months of double-blind treatment. Exacerbations occurring <= 14 days after onset of reported colds were analysed by a Poisson model. The incidence of colds was similar across treatments. Asthma symptoms and reliever use increased during colds. Budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy reduced severe cold-related exacerbations by 36% versus pooled comparators plus SABA (rate ratio (RR) 0.64; p=0.002), and for individual treatment comparisons, by 52% versus the same maintenance dose of ICS/LABA (RR 0.48; p < 0.001); there were nonsignificant reductions versus higher maintenance doses of ICS or ICS/LABA (RR 0.83 and 0.72, respectively). As-needed LABA did not reduce cold-related exacerbations versus as-needed SABA (RR 0.96). Severe cold-related exacerbations were reduced by budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy compared with ICS with or without LABA and with as-needed SABA. Subanalyses suggested the importance of the ICS component in reducing cold-related exacerbations. Future studies should document the cause of exacerbations, in order to allow identification of different treatment effects.
|
|
