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Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Persson Anders) srt2:(2010-2014)"

Sökning: WFRF:(Persson Anders) > (2010-2014)

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1.
  • Hansson, Lars-Anders, et al. (författare)
  • Food-chain length alters community responses to global change in aquatic systems
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Nature Climate Change. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1758-678X .- 1758-6798. ; 3, s. 228-233
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Synergies between large-scale environmental changes, such as climate change1 and increased humic content (brownification)2, will have a considerable impact on future aquatic ecosystems. On the basis of modelling, monitoring and experimental data, we demonstrate that community responses to global change are determined by food-chain length and that the top trophic level, and every second level below, will benefit from climate change, whereas the levels in between will suffer. Hence, phytoplankton, and thereby algal blooms, will benefit from climate change in three-, but not in two-trophic-level systems. Moreover, we show that both phytoplankton (resource) and zooplankton (consumer) advance their spring peak abundances similarly in response to a 3 °C temperature increase; that is, there is no support for a consumer/resource mismatch in a future climate scenario. However, in contrast to other taxa, cyanobacteria—known as toxin-producing nuisance phytoplankton3—benefit from a higher temperature and humic content irrespective of the food-chain composition. Our results are mirrored in natural ecosystems. By mechanistically merging present food-chain theory with large-scale environmental and climate changes, we provide a powerful framework for predicting and understanding future aquatic ecosystems and their provision of ecosystem services and water resources.
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2.
  • Hansson, Lars-Anders, et al. (författare)
  • Food-chain length alters community responses to global change in aquatic systems
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Nature Climate Change. - 1758-6798. ; 3:3, s. 228-233
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Synergies between large-scale environmental changes, such as climate change(1) and increased humic content (brownification)(2), will have a considerable impact on future aquatic ecosystems. On the basis of modelling, monitoring and experimental data, we demonstrate that community responses to global change are determined by food-chain length and that the top trophic level, and every second level below, will benefit from climate change, whereas the levels in between will suffer. Hence, phytoplankton, and thereby algal blooms, will benefit from climate change in three-, but not in two-trophic-level systems. Moreover, we show that both phytoplankton (resource) and zooplankton (consumer) advance their spring peak abundances similarly in response to a 3 degrees C temperature increase; that is, there is no support for a consumer/resource mismatch in a future climate scenario. However, in contrast to other taxa, cyanobacteria-known as toxin-producing nuisance phytoplankton(3)-benefit from a higher temperature and humic content irrespective of the food-chain composition. Our results are mirrored in natural ecosystems. By mechanistically merging present food-chain theory with large-scale environmental and climate changes, we provide a powerful framework for predicting and understanding future aquatic ecosystems and their provision of ecosystem services and water resources.
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3.
  • Johansson, Roger, et al. (författare)
  • Förord
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Bedöma eller berömma : niondeklassares kamrat- och sjävbedömning vid ensemblemusicerande i musikundervisningen - niondeklassares kamrat- och sjävbedömning vid ensemblemusicerande i musikundervisningen. ; 2014:1
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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4.
  • Lundin, Margareta (författare)
  • Aspects on Image Quality in Radiologic Evaluation of the Urinary Tract
  • 2012
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The focus of this document is on image quality as one of the factors fundamental for the diagnostic process. With the rising number of procedures and the trend towards more complicated examinations, urinary tract investigations was chosen in this work as a good clinical model for evaluation of the factors influencing image quality and of the ways of evaluating image quality.In paper I, a method is described for optimisation during the introduction of a new imaging system, with a focus on the maintenance of image quality relative to the older already optimised system. Image quality was assessed using the image criteria of the European guidelines for IVU with visual grading analysis. Equivalent image quality in image pairs was achieved at 30% of the dose. The CDRAD contrast-detail phantom makes it possible to find dose levels that give equal image quality using different imaging systems.In paper II, the influence of bowel purgation on image quality in urography is questioned. The aim of this study was to compare bowel purgation and two other preparation methods; dietary restrictions and no preparation at all. Image quality was assessed according to European Commission criteria for excretory urography. The effectiveness of bowel purgation and the amount of residual gas were scored separately. The results of our study show that the preparation methods are of equal value and further use of bowel purgation before excretory urography cannot be justified.In paper III, the image quality of the non-enhanced series is compared to a virtual noncontrast series obtained using two generations of dual-energy CT scanners and taking CT of the urinary tract as a model. The image quality of the VNC images was rated inferior to the single-energy variant for both scanners, the OR range being 11.5–67.3 for the Definition and 2.1–2.8 for the Definition Flash. Visual noise and overall quality were regarded as better with Flash than with Definition. Image quality of VNC images obtained with the new generation of DECT is still slightly inferior compared to native images.In paper IV, the accuracy of measurement of renal calculi in a dual-energy, virtual, nonenhanced-image series is compared to actual stone size and a single-energy image series in the phantom study. This study shows that detection of small stones is not reliable, despite better image quality, with the new DECT and that small stones will be missed with VNC imaging. With larger stones, the inherent measurement error with CT is magnified with VNC imaging.
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6.
  • Persson, Anders, et al. (författare)
  • Inramad skola: ramfaktorer, frames och analys av sociala interaktionsdynamiker i skolan
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Vetenskapliga perspektiv på lärande, undervisning och utbildning i olika institutionella sammanhang : utbildningsvetenskaplig forskning vid Lunds universitet - utbildningsvetenskaplig forskning vid Lunds universitet. - 9789174738629 - 9789174738636 ; , s. 391-412
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • I Inramad skola beskrivs två olika ramperspektiv: å ena sidan Dahllöfs och Lundgrens pedagogiska och utbildningssociologiska ramfaktor-perspektiv, å andra sidan Goffmans frame- eller inramningsperspektiv som befattar sig med social interaktion. Perspektiven sätts i arbete i en analys av inramningar av den obligatoriska skolan baserad på styrdokument, närmare bestämt skolan som institution, som organisation/rörelse respektive som seminarium. De spänningar som finns mellan såväl dessa tre inramningar som mellan dem och olika nyansförskjutna inramningar analyseras sedan med hjälp av Goffmans frame-perspektiv. Avslutningsvis visas att ramfaktor- och frame-perspektiven med fördel kan kombineras i en analys av olika sociala interaktionsdynamiker i skolan, vilka i sin tur kan användas för att förklara och förstå variation mellan och i skolor i en rad olika avseenden.
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7.
  • Persson, Anders, et al. (författare)
  • Utbildningsvetenskaplig forskning vid Lunds universitet
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Vetenskapliga perspektiv på lärande, undervisning och utbildning i olika institutionella sammanhang : utbildningsvetenskaplig forskning vid Lunds universitet - utbildningsvetenskaplig forskning vid Lunds universitet. - 9789174738629 - 9789174738636 ; , s. 9-22
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Lärarhögskolan i Malmö var en del av Lunds universitet fram till 1998, då den inordnades i nystartade Malmö högskola. I samarbete med Högskolan Kristianstad blev Lunds universitet 2011 återigen ansvarigt för en lärarutbildning, en ämneslärarutbildning som startade med examenstillstånd i ämnena engelska, historia, samhällskunskap och svenska. Föreliggande antologi syftar till att spegla utbildnings-vetenskaplig forskning vid eller associerad med Lunds universitet. Givet det faktum att Lunds universitet inte haft ansvar för lärarutbildning sedan 1998, kan de 24 forskningstexter som här presenteras ses som ett slags naturligt experiment som kan lockas att säga något om vad frånvaron av lärarutbildning har inneburit för den utbildningsvetenskapliga forskningen. Hur utvecklades den utbildnings-vetenskapliga forskningen vid Lunds universitet under de 15 åren utan egen lärarutbildning?
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8.
  • Schwenke, Jörg, et al. (författare)
  • Digital in-line holography on amplitude and phase objects prepared with electron beam lithography.
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Journal of Microscopy. - : Wiley. - 0022-2720. ; 247:2, s. 196-201
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We report on the fabrication and characterization of amplitude and phase samples consisting of well defined Au or Al features formed on ultrathin silicon nitride membranes. The samples were manufactured using electron beam lithography, metallization and a lift-off technique, which allow precise lateral control and thickness of the metal features. The fabricated specimens were evaluated by conventional microscopy, atomic force microscopy and with the digital in-line holography set-up at the Lund Laser Centre. The latter uses high-order harmonic generation as a light source, and is capable of recovering both the shape and phase shifting properties of the samples. We report on the details of the sample production and on the imaging tests with the holography set-up.
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9.
  • Brännström, Kristoffer, et al. (författare)
  • Ca2+ enhances Aβ polymerization rate and fibrillar stability in a dynamic manner
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Biochemical Journal. - : Portland Press. - 0264-6021 .- 1470-8728. ; 450, s. 189-197
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Identifying factors that affect the self-assembly of the amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) is of utmost importance in the quest to understand the molecular mechanisms causing Alzheimer's disease (AD). Ca2+ has previously been shown to accelerate both Aβ fibril nucleation and maturation, and a dysregulated Ca2+ homeostasis frequently correlates with development of AD. The mechanisms regarding Ca2+ binding as well as its effect on fibril kinetics are not fully understood. Using a polymerization assay we show that Ca2+ in a dynamic and reversible manner enhances both the elongation rate and fibrillar stability, where specifically the "dock and lock" phase mechanism is enhanced. Through NMR analysis we found that Ca2+ affects the fibrillar architecture. In addition, and unexpectedly, we found that Ca2+ does not bind the free Aβ monomer. This implies that Ca2+ binding requires an architecture adopted by assembled peptides, and consequently is mediated through intermolecular interactions between adjacent peptides. This gives a mechanistic explanation to the enhancing effect on fibril maturation and indicates structural similarities between prefibrillar structures and mature amyloid. Taken together we expose how Ca2+ levels affect the delicate equilibrium between the monomeric and assembled Aβ and how fluctuations in vivo may contribute to development and progression of the disease.
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10.
  • Dahlman, Anna K, et al. (författare)
  • Effect of androgen deprivation therapy on the expression of prostate cancer biomarkers MSMB and MSMB-binding protein CRISP3.
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5608 .- 1365-7852. ; 13, s. 369-375
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We have investigated the effects of short-term neoadjuvant and long-term androgen deprivation therapies (ADTs) on beta-microseminoprotein (MSMB) and cysteine-rich secretory protein-3 (CRISP3) expression in prostate cancer patients. We also studied if MSMB expression was related to genotype and epigenetic silencing. Using an Affymetrix cDNA microarray analysis, we investigated the expression of MSMB, CRISP3, androgen receptor (AR), KLK3 and Enhancer of Zeste Homologue-2 (EZH2) in tissue from prostate cancer patients receiving (n=17) or not receiving (n=23) ADT before radical prostatectomy. MSMB, CRISP3 and AR were studied in tissue from the same patients undergoing TURP before and during ADT (n=16). MSMB genotyping of these patients was performed by TaqMan PCR. MSMB and KLK3 expression levels decreased during ADT. Expression levels of AR and CRISP3 were not affected by short-term ADT but were high in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and metastases. Levels of EZH2 were also high in metastases, where MSMB was low. Genotyping of the MSMB rs10993994 polymorphism showed that the TT genotype conveys poor MSMB expression. MSMB expression is influenced by androgens, but also by genotype and epigenetic silencing. AR and CRISP3 expression are not influenced by short-term ADT, and high levels were found in CRPC and metastases.Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases advance online publication, 3 August 2010; doi:10.1038/pcan.2010.25.
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