| 1. |
- Persson, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
-
USING SIMULATION TO DETERMINE THE SAFETY STOCK LEVEL FOR INTERMITTENT DEMAND
- 2017
-
Ingår i: 2017 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE (WSC). - : IEEE. - 9781538634288 ; , s. 3768-3779
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Safety stock calculations are difficult for products with intermittent demand, long production lead times, and high monetary values. Theoretically, forecasts can be used to reduce the need for safety stocks. A high precision forecast minimizes the need for safety stock and forecast evaluation measurements can be used to calculate the safety stock level. However, a more realistic determination of safety stock levels can he obtained by simulation. In this paper, simulation is used to model and experiment on a case with three end products in order to determine the relationship between safety stock levels and service levels. Also, a comparison is made with theoretically calculated safety stocks to see how well basic theoretical models for safety stock calculations fulfill the requirements of service level. The result is that simulation can provide a much more accurate determination of safety stock levels for intermittent demands than theoretical calculations.
|
|
| 2. |
- Asp, Michaela, et al.
(författare)
-
Spatial detection of fetal marker genes expressed at low level in adult human heart tissue
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 2045-2322. ; 7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heart failure is a major health problem linked to poor quality of life and high mortality rates. Hence, novel biomarkers, such as fetal marker genes with low expression levels, could potentially differentiate disease states in order to improve therapy. In many studies on heart failure, cardiac biopsies have been analyzed as uniform pieces of tissue with bulk techniques, but this homogenization approach can mask medically relevant phenotypes occurring only in isolated parts of the tissue. This study examines such spatial variations within and between regions of cardiac biopsies. In contrast to standard RNA sequencing, this approach provides a spatially resolved transcriptome- and tissue-wide perspective of the adult human heart, and enables detection of fetal marker genes expressed by minor subpopulations of cells within the tissue. Analysis of patients with heart failure, with preserved ejection fraction, demonstrated spatially divergent expression of fetal genes in cardiac biopsies.
|
|
| 3. |
- Boman, Christoffer, et al.
(författare)
-
Development of innovative small(micro)-scale biomass-based CHP technologies
- 2017
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- To enhance the overall efficiency of the use of biomass in the energy sector in Europe, the large electricity production potential from small-scale biomass heating systems should be utilised. So far, no technologically sound (in terms of efficiency and reliability) and economically affordable micro- and small-scale biomass CHP technologies are, however, available. Therefore, the present ERA-NET project (MiniBioCHP) aimed at the further development and test of new CHP technologies based on small-scale biomass combustion in the electric capacity range between some W and 100 kW. Within the project, an international consortium consisting of 12 partners from 4 countries, including university institutions, institutes and industry (both engineering and manufacturing), collaborated closely to perform high level R&D on three promising micro/small-scale biomass based CHP technologies which are covering a broad range of applications in the residential heating sector. The Austrian engineering company BIOS, coordinated the international project. The project was based on earlier basic research and development work related to these promising new technologies and aimed at the achievement of a technological level which allows a first (commercial) demonstration after the end of the project. The three CHP concepts included in the MiniBioCHP project were;1. Pellet stoves with a thermoelectric generator (TEG)2. Small-scale biomass boilers (10-30 kWth) with a micro-ORC process3. High temperature heat exchanger (HT-HE) for an externally fired gas turbine (EFGT)The Swedish part of the project was focused on the development of the concept of biomass based EFGT with dedicated R&D activities related to the development of the HT-HE system. The Swedish project consisted of the research partners Umeå University (project leader), Luleå University of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology and RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, together with the industrial partners Enertech AB/Osby Parca and Ecergy. The expertise of the Swedish partners regarding ash related problems, grate boiler combustion and modelling, deposit formation and high temperature corrosion, were combined with the know-how of a Polish partner regarding HT-HE design, construction, testing and optimisation.The HT-HE is the most crucial component in EFGT processes significantly influencing the investment costs, availabilities as well as the efficiencies that can be achieved. With a thermal capacity from several hundred kW up to 2-3 MWth) the CHP technology based on a biomass boiler and an EFGT is suitable for district heating systems, or process heat consumers. The electricity produced by the gas turbine (up to some 100 kWel) can be used to cover the own electricity consumption of a company and/or fed into the grid. Even though the concept of biomass based EFGT has been an interesting alternative for small-scale CHP production for some decades, and R&D activities have been undertaken, tackling both economic and technical aspects, only a few pilot-plants have been in operation and no initiative has so far reached the level of commercial implementation. Thus, the concept of EFGT fed with biomass is still considered to be in a rather early development stage and the main technical challenges are related to alkali deposit induced corrosion and thermal stress of the HT-HE material, turbine design/operation and system integration.Within the present project, a HT-HE prototype aimed for an EFGT system was therefore designed, constructed and successfully tested at flue gas temperatures up to 900°C. Thus, appropriate guidelines for a compact design of the HT-HE and recommendations have been worked out to minimize thermal stresses as well as ash related problems regarding ash deposit formation and high temperature corrosion in a biomass boiler system. Furthermore, different concepts for the overall biomass based EFGT system have been worked out and evaluated. The outcome of the project will hopefully be used in the further development work and form the basis for a first testing and demonstration plant within the coming years.
|
|
| 4. |
- Hjärthag, Fredrik, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
-
Professional views of supporting relatives of mental health clients with severe mental illness
- 2017
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Social Psychiatry. - : Sage Publications. - 0020-7640 .- 1741-2854. ; 63:1, s. 63-69
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Supporting families where one person suffers from long-term severe mental illness (SMI) is essential, but seems hard to reach. The aim of this study was to examine professionals’ views of supporting relatives of persons with SMI. Material: Individual interviews mirroring personal narratives and group interviews reflecting group-processed answers were conducted among 23 professionals and analyzed thematically. Results: Three themes emerged: (a) information and group interaction reduces stigma and increases well-being, (b) professionals need to feel secure and confident about how the support structure works and (c) collaboration is difficult but required on several levels. Conclusion: Trusting relationships with families were considered important, although seldom achieved; professionals wished to feel secure in their role toward relatives of a person with SMI; and professionals wanted to feel confident when working together with other services to support families.
|
|
| 5. |
- Höök, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Nanopartiklar kan förbättra avbildningsteknik och diagnostik
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 114
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nanotechnology can improve diagnostics The unique properties of nanoparticles make them tailorable into diagnostic agents on a molecular level, which allow more sensitive and precise in vitro diagnostics and in vivo imaging. While in vitro applications already have impact on diagnostics, in vivo use remains challenging due to difficulties in preparing nanoparticles with acceptable properties regarding toxicity, specific target accumulation and degradation. This article describes the innovative work of developing such platforms, and concludes that while nanotechnology-based diagnostics and imaging are still scarce at the clinical level, the rapid development of many new concepts, devices and processes that are now in the laboratory pipeline promises significant impact in the near future.
|
|
| 6. |
- Kasemo, Bengt Herbert, 1942, et al.
(författare)
-
Nanopartiklar kan förbättra avbildningsteknik och diagnostik [Nanoparticles can improve imaging and diagnostics]
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 1652-7518 .- 0023-7205. ; 114:27-29
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The unique properties of nanoparticles make them tailorable into diagnostic agents on a molecular level, which allow more sensitive and precise in vitro diagnostics and in vivo imaging. While in vitro applications already have impact on diagnostics, in vivo use remains challenging due to difficulties in preparing nanoparticles with acceptable properties regarding toxicity, specific target accumulation and degradation. This article describes the innovative work of developing such platforms, and concludes that while nanotechnology-based diagnostics and imaging are still scarce at the clinical level, the rapid development of many new concepts, devices and processes that are now in the laboratory pipeline promises significant impact in the near future. © 2017, Swedish Medical Association. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 7. |
- Kirik, Ufuk, et al.
(författare)
-
Antibody heavy chain variable domains of different germline gene origins diversify through different paths
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-3224. ; 8:NOV
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- B cells produce antibodies, key effector molecules in health and disease. They mature their properties, including their affinity for antigen, through hypermutation events; processes that involve, e.g., base substitution, codon insertion and deletion, often in association with an isotype switch. Investigations of antibody evolution define modes whereby particular antibody responses are able to form, and such studies provide insight important for instance for development of efficient vaccines. Antibody evolution is also used in vitro for the design of antibodies with improved properties. To better understand the basic concepts of antibody evolution, we analyzed the mutational paths, both in terms of amino acid substitution and insertions and deletions, taken by antibodies of the IgG isotype. The analysis focused on the evolution of the heavy chain variable domain of sets of antibodies, each with an origin in 1 of 11 different germline genes representing six human heavy chain germline gene subgroups. Investigated genes were isolated from cells of human bone marrow, a major site of antibody production, and characterized by next-generation sequencing and an in-house bioinformatics pipeline. Apart from substitutions within the complementarity determining regions, multiple framework residues including those in protein cores were targets of extensive diversification. Diversity, both in terms of substitutions, and insertions and deletions, in antibodies is focused to different positions in the sequence in a germline gene-unique manner. Altogether, our findings create a framework for understanding patterns of evolution of antibodies from defined germline genes.
|
|
| 8. |
- Nyqvist, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
-
Metachronous and synchronous occurrence of 5 primary malignancies in a female patient between 1997 and 2013 : A case report with germline and somatic genetic analysis
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Case Reports in Oncology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1662-6575. ; 10:3, s. 1006-1012
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The number of patients with multiple primary malignancies has been increasing steadily in recent years. In the present study, we describe a unique case of an 81-year-old woman with 5 metachronous and synchronous primary malignant neoplasms. The patient was first diagnosed with an endometrium adenocarcinoma in 1997 and a colon adenocarcinoma in 2002. Eleven years after her colon surgery, in 2013, the patient presented with 3 other primary malignancies within a 4-month time span: An invasive malignant melanoma on the lower leg, an invasive mucinous breast carcinoma in the right breast, and a pleomorphic spindle cell sarcoma on the left upper arm. Subsequent routine medical checkups in 2013-2017 revealed no metastases of the primary malignancies. The patient mentioned a familial aggregation of malignant tumors, including 2 sisters with breast cancer and a brother with lung cancer. Interestingly, next-generation sequencing analysis of the patient's blood sample detected no mutations in the BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53, PTEN, CDH1, PALB2, RAD51C, RAD51D, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, EPCAM, APC, MUTYH, STK11, BMPR1A, SMAD4, PTEN, POLE, POLD1, GREM1, and GALNT12 genes. Therefore, whole genome sequencing is warranted to identify cancer-related genetic alterations in this patient with quintuple primary malignancies.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Persson, Emilia, et al.
(författare)
-
MR-OPERA : A Multicenter/Multivendor Validation of Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Only Prostate Treatment Planning Using Synthetic Computed Tomography Images
- 2017
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. - 0360-3016 .- 1879-355X. ; 99:3, s. 692-700
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To validate the dosimetric accuracy and clinical robustness of a commercially available software for magnetic resonance (MR) to synthetic computed tomography (sCT) conversion, in an MR imaginge-only workflow for 170 prostate cancer patients.Methods and Materials: The 4 participating centers had MriPlanner (Spectronic Medical), an atlas-based sCT generation software, installed as a cloud-based service. A T2-weighted MR sequence, covering the body contour, was added to the clinical protocol. The MR images were sent from the MR scanner workstation to theMriPlanner platform. The sCT was automatically returned to the treatment planning system. Four MR scanners and 2 magnetic field strengths were included in the study. For each patient, a CT-treatment plan was created and approved according to clinical practice. The sCT was rigidly registered to the CT, and the clinical treatment plan was recalculated on the sCT. The dose distributions from the CT plan and the sCT plan were compared according to a set of dose-volume histogram parameters and gamma evaluation. Treatment techniques included volumetric modulated arc therapy, intensity modulated radiation therapy, and conventional treatment using 2 treatment planning systems and different dose calculation algorithms.Results: The overall (multicenter/multivendor) mean dose differences between sCT and CT dose distributions were below 0.3% for all evaluated organs and targets. Gamma evaluation showed a mean pass rate of 99.12% (0.63%, 1 SD) in the complete body volume and 99.97% (0.13%, 1 SD) in the planning target volume using a 2%/ 2-mm global gamma criteria.Conclusions: Results of the study show that the sCT conversion method can be used clinically, with minimal differences between sCT and CT dose distributions for target and relevant organs at risk. The small differences seen are consistent between centers, indicating that an MR imagingeonly workflow using MriPlanner is robust for a variety of field strengths, vendors, and treatment techniques.
|
|
