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Korsvägar. En antologi om möten mellan unga och institutioner förr och nu
- 1995
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Editorial collection (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Vad är det som händer ute på de olika institutioner där barn och ungdomar tillbringar stora delar av sina liv? Varför vill vuxna i till exempel skolan en sak, medan de unga vanligen är intresserade av någonting helt annat? Det är sådana frågor som Korsvägar försöker ge svar på. Bokens titel syftar på de ibland konfliktfyllda möten som sker mellan barn, ungdomar och vuxna. De olika artiklarna vill synliggöra spelet mellan unga och olika institutioner utifrån de ungas perspektiv. Likaså studeras hur de vuxnas ideal om den goda barn- och ungdomstiden förändrats under de senaste hundra åren och hur ungdomarna förhållit sig till detta.
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- Maria, Petersson
(author)
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Ancient fields excavated
- 1999
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In: Journal of european archaeology.. ; Vol 2. No 1, s. 57-76
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper I discuss the merits of fossil fields and traces of ancient agriculture as archaeological source material. Examples from excavations in the Väderstad-area in Östergötland, Sweden are given. In the article I describe and contrast two different methods of excavation;A. The digging of long trenches through visible features, a method here used as a means of trial excavation but previously often the only method used when excavation ancient fields. This method gives at the best a skeleton for interpretation. Though it does enable dating, the intensity, extent and content of different phases can not be established with any degree of certainty.B. The removal of the ancient plough-soil over the full extent of the ancient field, a method here used for final excavations. Through this method enough information is aquired for a detailed interpretation to be carried out. The results will be detailed enough for the excavated fields to be comparable to other excavated categories of monuments and thus give a new angle to general archaeological problems. The local RAÄ 166, Hogstads socken is given as an example of this.
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- Petersson, Gunilla, 1961-, et al.
(author)
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Höviska riddare och våldtäktsmän
- 1999
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In: Locus. - 1100-3197. ; :3, s. 38-51
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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| 8. |
- Petersson, Gunilla, et al.
(author)
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Jag är Lyrist - gymnasieföreningar som social praktik : Rapport 1.En studie av gymnasisters syn på utbildning, fritid, och framtid
- 1996
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Projektets övergripande syfte kan kort sammanfattas med att intresset riktas mot elevorganiserade fritidsaktiviteter i samband med gymnasieskolan och den funktion som dessa aktiviteter har i ungdomars vardagsliv. Ett vidare syfte är att belysa konsekvenserna av dessa elevorganiserade aktiviteter för gymnasieskolan och hur skolans reformering bidragit till att forma elevernas praktiker. Föreliggande rapport redovisar den första av tre delstudier inom projektet. Studien utgörs av en enkätundersokning riktad till elever på den kommunala gymnasieskolans ordinarie linjer i Kalmar och Östersund. Enkätstudien kan ses om en bakgrund till projektets övriga delstudier, vilka består i en historisk analys av gymnasieföreningar/skolförbund i de båda städerna samt en intervjuundersökning med ungdomar som deltar i föreningar eller föreningslika aktiviteter inom ramen for gymnasieskolan. Den historiska studien gör det möjligt att se hur föreningslivet reproducerats under en längre period, samtidigt som den synkrona intervjustudien ger oss tillgång till ungdomarnas föreställningar om skolan, sig själva och det arv som de bär med sig. Till skillnad från de båda kommande studierna riktar sig enkätstudien till ett representativt urval av gymnasieelever och är således inte specifikt inriktad mot de elevorganiserade aktiviteterna. Dess syfte är att kartlägga gymnasieungdomars fritidsaktiviteter samt deras syn utbildning och framtid. Därutover skall studien ringa in de elevorganiserade aktiviteter som finns på gymnasieskolorna och den grupp elever som är aktiva inom dessa skolrelaterade fritidsaktiviteter. Enkätens syfte är därmed explorativt snarare an hypotestestande. Det primära intresset är att generera frågeställningar och arbetshypoteser inför de kommande studierna.
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- Petersson, Maria
(author)
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Sensitivity and selectivity studies in capillary electrophoresis
- 1999
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Capillary electrophoresis is characterised by high separation efficiency, applicability to a wide range of compounds, small sample and solvent consumption and simple instrumentation. To improve sensitivity using on-line absorbance detectors, which are hampered by the short optical path length, sample volumes in the microlitre range were concentrated to nanolitre volumes either off-line or on-line. Sample enrichment in a single acoustically levitated droplet by solvent evaporation lowered the concentration detection limit by two orders of magnitude for dansylated amino acids. The sample was positioned in the levitator using a piezoelectric flow-through liquid microdispenser that ejected 100 droplets (each with a volume of 65 pL) per second. The levitated sample drop was then picked up using the separation capillary. Because levitation is a containerless technique, the sample was easily accessed and the risk of sample losses on container walls eliminated. Sample enrichment using miniaturised on-line solid-phase extraction lowered the concentration detection limit by almost four orders of magnitude using the basic drug terbutaline as model compound. A short length of capillary packed with reversed-phase sorbent particles was attached to the separation capillary inlet. The analytes were desorbed using an organic solvent, e.g. acetonitrile. The ratio between introduced sample volume and desorption volume was about 1000. The use of organic solvents promoted further enrichment by stacking. This contributed to the excellent separation efficiency and high concentration factors achieved. The concentration limit of detection was lowered by a factor of 7000, which allows low nanomolar concentrations to be detected using UV-absorbance detection. The selectivity in capillary electrophoresis was enhanced by addition of surfactant or cyclodextrin. Monomer and oligomers of a basic cyclic peptide were separated using micellar electrokinetic chromatography with sodium dodecyl sulphate. The complex cyclic peptide sample contained monomer, dimers, trimers and tetramers. Native and derivatised b -cyclodextrins were used for enantiomer separations of basic drugs (b -adrenergic antagonists) at low electrolyte pH. An entire enantiomer separation of a dansylated amino acid using b -cyclodextrin with the addition of organic solvent was captured in real-time using laser-induced fluorescence imaging detection. The migrating analytes were imaged in a 10 cm long detection window.
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- Petersson, Maria
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Short- and long-term cardiovascular and behavioural effects of oxytocin : mechanisms involved and influence of female steroid hormones
- 1999
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The aim of the present thesis was to investigate short- and long-term cardiovascular and behavioural effects of oxytocin. In addition, the influence of female steroid hormones as well as possible mechanisms behind the oxytocin induced effects were investigated. For this purpose, blood pressure, heart rate, nociceptive thresholds, spontaneous motor activity, weight gain, food and water intake, responsiveness of alpha 2-adrenoreceptors and hormone plasma levels were measured in female and male rats. A single injection of oxytocin (1 mg/kg s.c.) induced a transient increase in nociceptive thresholds, plasma levels of corticosterone and ACTH, and blood pressure. The increase in blood pressure was most pronounced in female rats during proestrus and oestrus. Six hours after the oxytocin injection, a second increase in nociceptive thresholds occurred as well as a decrease in corticosterone levels. In addition, a tendency to a reduction in blood pressure was seen ten hours after the oxytocin injection. In female rats observed in an open-field arena, oxytocin (0.01-1 mg/kg s.c.) induced both anxiolytic-like and sedative effects. Oestrogens enhanced the anxiolytic-like effect, whereas progesterone enhanced the sedative effect of oxytocin. A five-day treatment with oxytocin (1 mg/kg s.c. or 1 [my]g/kg i.c.v.) increased nociceptive thresholds, decreased blood pressure, corticosterone as well as gastrin, insulin and cholecystokinin (CCK) levels, changed the pattern of spontaneous motor activity and promoted weight gain in female rats with a low spontaneous growth rate. All these effects were sustained for more than a week after the end of the oxytocin treatment. The decrease in blood pressure lasted for 3 weeks in cycling female rats. The same treatment with oxytocin decreased blood pressure also in male but not in female spontaneously hypertensive rats. Furthermore, oxytocin treatment increased the responsiveness of locus coeruleus (LC) alpha 2-adrenoreceptors. The decrease in gastrin, insulin and CCK levels as well as the increase in weight gain in female rats in response to oxytocin, were blocked by an oxytocin antagonist. In contrast, the antagonist did not abolish the sustained effects on nociceptive thresholds, blood pressure or spontaneous motor activity, neither when it was administered together with oxytocin for 5 days nor when given after the effects were established. The long-lasting increase in nociceptive thresholds could temporarily be reversed by the opioid antagonist naloxone. Thus, opioids might have been involved in this effect of oxytocin. The effect of the alpha 2-adrenoreceptor agonist clonidine on blood pressure and spontaneous motor activity was significantly enhanced in oxytocin pretreated rats. In addition, clonidine reversed the attenuation of plasma levels of insulin and CCK in the oxytocin treated rats to an enhancement. These findings together with the increased responsiveness of LC alpha 2-adrenoreceptors suggest that alpha 2-adrenoreceptors might have been involved in these long-term oxytocin-induced effects.
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