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| 2. |
- Lima, Raquel B., et al.
(author)
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Direct lignin fuel cell for power generation
- 2011
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In: 16th International Symposium on Wood, Fiber and Pulping Chemistry. ; , s. 257-262
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Lignin, the second most abundant component after cellulose in biomass, has been examined in this study as a fuel for a direct conversion into electricity using direct carbon fuel cell (DCFC). Two different types of industrial lignins were investigated: lignosulphonate (LS) and kraft lignin (KL), either directly in their commercial forms, after their blending with commercial active carbon (AC) or after alternation of their structures by a pH adjustment to pH 10. It has been found that the open circuit voltage (OCV) of the DCFC could reach around 0.7 V in most of the trials. Addition of active carbon increased the maximum current density from 43∼57 to 85∼101 mA/cm 2. The pH adjustment not only increased the maximum current density but also reduced the differences between the two types of lignins, resulting in an OCV of 0.680-0.699 V and a maximum current density of 74∼79 mA/cm 2 from both lignins. Typical power density was 12 (for KL +AC) and 24 mW cm -2 (for LS +AC). It has been concluded that a direct lignin fuel cell is feasible and the lignin hydrophilicity is critical for the cell performance.
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| 3. |
- Qin, Haiying, et al.
(author)
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Direct biofuel low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells
- 2011
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In: ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1754-5692 .- 1754-5706. ; 4:4, s. 1273-1276
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A low-temperature solid oxide fuel cell system was developed to use bioethanol and glycerol as fuels directly. This system achieved a maximum power density of 215 mW cm(-2) by using glycerol at 580 degrees C and produced a great impact on sustainable energy and the environment.
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| 4. |
- Raza, Rizwan, 1980-, et al.
(author)
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Advanced Multi-Fuelled Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (ASOFCs) Using Functional Nanocomposites for Polygeneration
- 2011
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In: Advanced Energy Materials. - Germany : Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. - 1614-6832 .- 1614-6840. ; 1:6, s. 1225-1233
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An advanced multifuelled solid oxide fuel cell (ASOFC) with a functional nanocomposite was developed and tested for use in a polygeneration system. Several different types of fuel, for example, gaseous (hydrogen and biogas) and liquid fuels (bio-ethanol and bio-methanol), were used in the experiments. Maximum power densities of 1000, 300, 600, 550 mW cm−2 were achieved using hydrogen, bio-gas, bio-methanol, and bio-ethanol, respectively, in the ASOFC. Electrical and total efficiencies of 54% and 80% were achieved using the single cell with hydrogen fuel. These results show that the use of a multi-fuelled system for polygeneration is a promising means of generating sustainable power.
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| 6. |
- Zhu, Bin, et al.
(author)
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A fuel cell with a single component functioning simultaneously as the electrodes and electrolyte
- 2011
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In: Electrochemistry communications. - : Elsevier BV. - 1388-2481 .- 1873-1902. ; 13:3, s. 225-227
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A fuel cell device is realized by using a single component of lithium nickel oxide and gadolinium doped ceria (LiNiO2-GDC) composite material, a mixture of electronic and ionic conductors, when nickel foam and silver paste are attached to each surface of the single component pellet as current collectors. This simple fuel cell construction with only one component showed the same or even better performances compared to conventional three-component MEA (membrane electrolyte assembly) fuel cell using GDC as electrolyte. The maximum power density of 450 mW/cm(2) has been achieved at 550 degrees C for the single component fuel cell.
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| 7. |
- Zhu, Bin, et al.
(author)
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A single-component fuel cell reactor
- 2011
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In: International journal of hydrogen energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0360-3199 .- 1879-3487. ; 36:14, s. 8536-8541
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We report here a single-component reactor consisting of a mixed ionic and semi-conducting material exhibiting hydrogen-air (oxygen) fuel cell reactions. The new single-component device was compared to a conventional three-component (anode/electrolyte/cathode) fuel cell showing at least as good performance. A maximum power density of 300-600 mW cm(-2) was obtained with a LiNiZn-oxide and ceria-carbonate nanocomposite material mixture at 450-550 degrees C. Adding a redox catalyst element (Fe) resulted in an improvement reaching 700 mW cm(-2) at 550 degrees C.
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| 8. |
- Zhu, Bin, et al.
(author)
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Fuel cells based on electrolyte and non-electrolyte separators
- 2011
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In: Energy & Environmental Science. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1754-5692 .- 1754-5706. ; 4:8, s. 2986-2992
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the long-history of fuel cell R&D, the electrolyte is an essential part in a three-component configuration because it separates the anode and cathode to realize the fuel cell's functions. We report here non-electrolyte separator fuel cells (NEFCs) compared with electrolyte based fuel cells (EBFCs). The NEFC consists of single- or dual-components based on mixed ionic and semi-conductors but with no electrolyte separator. A maximum power density of 680 mW cm(-2) has been achieved by the NEFC at 550 degrees C. The NEFCs exhibit performances comparable to, and in some cases even better than, those of conventional EBFCs. The design of NEFCs, new material functionalities and device performances may contribute to new fuel cell R&D.
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| 9. |
- Zhu, Bin, et al.
(author)
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Single-component and three-component fuel cells
- 2011
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In: Journal of Power Sources. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-7753 .- 1873-2755. ; 196:15, s. 6362-6365
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Single-component and three-component fuel cell devices have been studied using mixed ionic and electronic conductor. The three-component fuel cell means a conventional fuel cell which is the configuration consists of anode, electrolyte and cathode; while the single-component fuel cell uses only one component that can function as the electrodes and electrolyte simultaneously. The single-component fuel cell showed the same or even better performance compared to conventional three-component fuel cell. A maximum power density of 700 mW cm(-2) has been achieved by the single-component fuel cell at 550 degrees C.
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