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- Felder, E, et al.
(författare)
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Quantitative evaluation of cochlear neurons and computer-aided three-dimensional reconstruction of spiral ganglion cells in humans with a peripheral loss of nerve fibres
- 1997
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Ingår i: Hearing Research. - 0378-5955 .- 1878-5891. ; 105:1-2, s. 183-190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Quantitative data on human cochlear neuronal elements were collected from various regions in five patients with high-tone hearing loss due to presbycusis and in two patients with normal hearing. The number of nerve fibers was assessed in the spiral lamina and in the inner acoustic meatus together with counts of spiral ganglion cells. The results show that the number of neurons decreased peripherally, i.e., with increasing distance from the central nervous system in patients with high-tone hearing loss due to presbycusis. In two patients with normal hearing no significant difference in the number of neurons was found in the lamina spiralis as compared to the inner acoustic canal. Computer-aided 3-dimensional reconstruction of the human spiral ganglion displayed large bipolar neurons (type I cells), but also large ganglion cells with one missing axon. The results may indicate that a slow retrograde degeneration occurs from the periphery towards the spiral ganglion in presbycusis. Transmission electron microscopy analysis of freshly fixed human spiral ganglions displayed interneural connections. It is speculated whether a trophic supply from other neurons at the level of the spiral ganglion can prevent or delay further degeneration of the central axon.
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- Hillerdal, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Pleural disease during treatment with bromocriptine in patients previously exposed to asbestos
- 1997
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 10:12, s. 2711-2715
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bromocriptine, which is used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, can cause adverse pleuropulmonary reactions. Exposure to asbestos can result in similar lesions. Fifteen patients with former exposure to asbestos, who developed pleural fibrosis after treatment with bromocriptine, were observed independently in Sweden (11 patients) and Australia (four patients). The patients complained of malaise, often associated with weight loss, dyspnoea, and a disturbing cough. Laboratory values included increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate and a low haemoglobin level. Lung function tests showed a restrictive lung function defect. Chest radiographs showed bilateral pleural fibrosis, with small amounts of fluid in some cases. Soon after bromocriptine was withdrawn, the patients improved clinically, and the laboratory values returned to normal. However, in most cases, pleural fibrosis and a restrictive lung function defect persisted to some extent. In conclusion, in patients who develop pleuropulmonary fibrosis whilst being treated with bromocriptine, former exposure to asbestos should be investigated. Conversely, when pleural changes develop in a patient on bromocriptine and with prior exposure to asbestos, the possible causative role of the drug should be discussed. Special follow-up may be indicated when bromocriptine is planned in a patient with previous asbestos exposure, and if symptoms or signs of pleural fibrosis develop, bromocriptine withdrawal should be considered.
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- Rask, E, et al.
(författare)
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Fallbeskrivning : inhalationssteroider gav binjurebarkshämning
- 1997
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 94:40, s. 3529-3530, 3533
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In one of two cases of systemic effects of high-dose inhaled corticosteroid treatment with fluticasone propionate, adrenal suppression was demonstrated in a young man, and in the other retarded growth and severe general effects were observed in connection with infection in a child. These cases illustrate the risk of systemic effects of inhaled corticosteroids, and the importance of using the lowest possible maintenance dose.
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