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- Bergström, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Preschool children living in joint physical custody arrangements show less psychological symptoms than those living mostly or only with one parent
- 2018
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 107:2, s. 294-300
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: Joint physical custody (JPC), where children spend about equal time in both parent's homes after parental separation, is increasing. The suitability of this practice for preschool children, with a need for predictability and continuity, has been questioned.METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we used data on 3656 Swedish children aged three to five years living in intact families, JPC, mostly with one parent or single care. Linear regression analyses were conducted with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, completed by parents and preschool teachers, as the outcome measure.RESULTS: Children in JPC showed less psychological problems than those living mostly (adjusted B 1.81; 95% CI [0.66 to 2.95]) or only with one parent (adjusted B 1.94; 95% CI [0.75 to 3.13]), in parental reports. In preschool teacher reports, the adjusted Betas were 1.27, 95% CI [0.14 to 2.40] and 1.41, 95% CI [0.24 to 2.58], respectively. In parental reports, children in JPC and those in intact families had similar outcomes, while teachers reported lower unadjusted symptom scores for children in intact families.CONCLUSION: Joint physical custody arrangements were not associated with more psychological symptoms in children aged 3-5, but longitudinal studies are needed to account for potential preseparation differences.
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- Fält, Elisabet, et al.
(författare)
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Agreement between mothers', fathers', and teachers' ratings of behavioural and emotional problems in 3-5-year-old children
- 2018
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 13:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), a valid and reliable instrument for measuring children's mental health, is available in parent- and teacher versions, making it an ideal tool for assessing behavioural and emotional problems in young children. However, few studies have evaluated inter-parent agreement on the SDQ, and in most studies on SDQ agreement, parent scores are either provided by only one parent or have been combined into one parent score. Furthermore, studies on SDQ inter-rater agreement usually only reflect degree of correlation, leaving the agreement between measurements unknown. The aim of the present study was therefore to examine both degree of correlation and agreement between parent and teacher SDQ reports, in a community sample of preschool-aged children in Sweden.Methods: Data were obtained from the Children and Parents in Focus trial. The sample comprised 4,46 children 3-5-years-old. Mothers, fathers and preschool teachers completed the SDQ as part of the routine health check-ups at Child Health Centres. Inter-rater agreement was measured using Pearson correlation coefficient and intraclass correlation (ICC).Results: Results revealed poor/fair agreement between parent and teacher ratings (ICC 0.25-0.54) and good/excellent agreement between mother and father ratings (ICC 0.66-0.76). The highest level of agreement between parents and teachers was found for the hyperactivity and peer problem subscales, whereas the strongest agreement between parents was found for the hyperactivity and conduct subscales.Conclusions: Low inter-rater agreement between parent and teacher ratings suggests that information from both teachers and parents is important when using the SDQ as a method to identify mental health problems in preschool children. Although mothers and fathers each provide unique information about their child's behaviour, good inter-parent agreement indicates that a single parent informant may be sufficient and simplify data collection.
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- Gulenc, Alisha, et al.
(författare)
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Paternal psychological distress, parenting, and child behaviour : A population based, cross-sectional study.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Child Care Health and Development. - : Wiley. - 0305-1862 .- 1365-2214. ; 44:6, s. 892-900
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Child behaviour problems are common and can lead to later mental health problems. Poor maternal mental health and adverse parenting practices are known risk factors for child behaviour problems. Less is known about the association between paternal mental health and parenting, and child behaviour. We aimed to explore the association between paternal psychological distress and parenting (harsh discipline, low warmth, unreasonable expectations, and overinvolved/protectiveness) with children's internalising and externalising behaviour at 3 years of age.METHODS: Cross-sectional surveys of 669 (80% response) fathers of 3-year-old children, nested within a randomised controlled trial. Main outcomes of behaviour (Child Behavior Checklist), parenting (Parent Behavior Checklist and overinvolved/protective parenting scale), and psychological distress (Kessler-6) were measured. Regression modelling examined the associations between paternal factors and child behaviour, adjusting for maternal mental health and parenting, as well as child and family variables.RESULTS: In adjusted analyses, paternal psychological distress (b = 0.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.26-0.60], p < 0.001), harsh discipline (b = 0.20, 95% CI [0.13-0.27], p < 0.001), and maternal mental health (b = 0.08, 95% CI [0.03-0.12], p = 0.001) were associated with externalising symptoms. However, only paternal psychological distress, harsh discipline, and being a boy were associated with borderline/clinical levels of externalising problems (all p < 0.05). Paternal psychological distress, harsh discipline, overinvolved parenting, maternal mental health, and difficult child temperament were associated with internalising symptoms (all p < 0.05). However, only paternal harsh discipline and overinvolved parenting were associated with borderline/clinical internalising problems.CONCLUSIONS: Paternal mental health and parenting are independently associated with child behaviour. Treatments for children with behavioural problems should also address paternal mental health and parenting.
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| 5. |
- Quach, Jon, et al.
(författare)
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Do Fathers' Home Reading Practices at Age 2 Predict Child Language and Literacy at Age 4?
- 2018
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Ingår i: Academic pediatrics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1876-2859 .- 1876-2867. ; 18:2, s. 179-187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Maternal shared reading practices predict emergent literacy, but fathers' contributions are less certain. We examined whether fathers' shared home reading activities at 2 years (1) predict language and emergent literacy at age 4 years, when controlling for maternal contributions; and (2) differentially benefit these outcomes in disadvantaged children.METHODS: Design: Two-parent families recruited from 5 relatively disadvantaged communities for the universal Let's Read literacy promotion population-based trial (ISRCTN 04602902) in Melbourne, Australia. Exposure, 2 years: Home reading practices via self-reported maternal and paternal StimQ-Toddler questionnaires, dichotomised at study median (high vs. low). Outcomes, 4 years: Receptive and expressive language (Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals-4), emergent literacy (Sunderland Phonological Awareness Test-Revised).ANALYSES: Aim 1: Linear regression, adjusted for mothers' home reading, 2-year-old vocabulary and communication skills and family disadvantage. Aim 2: Interaction of disadvantage [yes vs. no] with high home reading by (a) fathers and (b) at least one parent.RESULTS: Data were available for 405 (62.3%) families. High father reading at 2 years (reference: low) predicted better expressive (mean difference 8.0, 95%CI 4.5 to 11.5) and receptive (mean difference 7.3, 95%CI 4.1 to 10.5) language at 4 years (both p<0.001) but not emergent literacy skills. Similar patterns were observed in families with at least one parent with high home reading. Father reading did not differentially benefit outcomes in disadvantaged children.CONCLUSION: Fathers' involvement in reading at 2 years predicted better language but not emergent literacy at 4 years, and did not protect against adverse effects of socioeconomic disadvantage.
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| 7. |
- Sarkadi, Anna, Professor, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Teaching Recovery Techniques : evaluation of a group intervention for unaccompanied refugee minors with symptoms of PTSD in Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X. ; 27:4, s. 467-479
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2015, a total of 35,369 unaccompanied refugee minors (URMs) sought asylum in Sweden. In a previous study of 208 URMs, we found that 76% screened positive for PTSD. This study aimed to (1) evaluate the indicated prevention program Teaching Recovery Techniques (TRT) in a community setting and describe the program's effects on symptoms of PTSD and depression in URMs; and (2) examine participants' experiences of the program. The study included 10 groups. Methods for evaluation included the Children's Revised Impact of Event Scale (CRIES-8) and the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale Self-report (MADRS-S) at baseline and at post-intervention. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 22 participating URMs to elicit their experiences. Pre- and post-measures were available for 46 participants. At baseline, 83% of the participants reported moderate or severe depression and 48% suicidal ideation or plans. Although more than half (62%) of the participants reported negative life events during the study period, both PTSD (CRIES-8) and depression (MADRS-S) symptoms decreased significantly after the intervention (p = 0.017, 95% CI − 5.55; − 0.58; and p < 0.001, 95% CI − 8.94; − 2.88, respectively). The qualitative content analysis resulted in six overall categories: social support, normalisation, valuable tools, comprehensibility, manageability, and meaningfulness when the youth described their experiences of the program, well reflecting TRT's program theory. Overall, results indicate that TRT, delivered in a community setting, is a promising indicated preventive intervention for URMs with PTSD symptoms. This successful evaluation should be followed up with a controlled study.
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