| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Bill-Axelson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Radical Prostatectomy or Watchful Waiting in Early Prostate Cancer
- 2014
-
Ingår i: New England Journal of Medicine. - Waltham : Massachusetts Medical Society. - 0028-4793 .- 1533-4406. ; 370:10, s. 932-942
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundRadical prostatectomy reduces mortality among men with localized prostate cancer; however, important questions regarding long-term benefit remain. MethodsBetween 1989 and 1999, we randomly assigned 695 men with early prostate cancer to watchful waiting or radical prostatectomy and followed them through the end of 2012. The primary end points in the Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group Study Number 4 (SPCG-4) were death from any cause, death from prostate cancer, and the risk of metastases. Secondary end points included the initiation of androgen-deprivation therapy. ResultsDuring 23.2 years of follow-up, 200 of 347 men in the surgery group and 247 of the 348 men in the watchful-waiting group died. Of the deaths, 63 in the surgery group and 99 in the watchful-waiting group were due to prostate cancer; the relative risk was 0.56 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.41 to 0.77; P=0.001), and the absolute difference was 11.0 percentage points (95% CI, 4.5 to 17.5). The number needed to treat to prevent one death was 8. One man died after surgery in the radical-prostatectomy group. Androgen-deprivation therapy was used in fewer patients who underwent prostatectomy (a difference of 25.0 percentage points; 95% CI, 17.7 to 32.3). The benefit of surgery with respect to death from prostate cancer was largest in men younger than 65 years of age (relative risk, 0.45) and in those with intermediate-risk prostate cancer (relative risk, 0.38). However, radical prostatectomy was associated with a reduced risk of metastases among older men (relative risk, 0.68; P=0.04). ConclusionsExtended follow-up confirmed a substantial reduction in mortality after radical prostatectomy; the number needed to treat to prevent one death continued to decrease when the treatment was modified according to age at diagnosis and tumor risk. A large proportion of long-term survivors in the watchful-waiting group have not required any palliative treatment. (Funded by the Swedish Cancer Society and others.) The randomized Swedish trial of prostatectomy versus watchful waiting in disease detected mainly clinically (not by PSA screening) continues to show a benefit for early prostatectomy. The number of men younger than 65 needed to treat to prevent one death is now four. The Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group Study Number 4 (SPCG-4), a randomized trial of radical prostatectomy versus watchful waiting in men with localized prostate cancer diagnosed before the era of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, showed a survival benefit of radical prostatectomy as compared with observation at 15 years of follow-up.(1) By contrast, the Prostate Cancer Intervention versus Observation Trial (PIVOT), initiated in the early era of PSA testing, showed that radical prostatectomy did not significantly reduce prostate cancer-specific or overall mortality after 12 years.(2) PSA screening profoundly changes the clinical domain of study. Among other considerations, the substantial additional lead time ...
|
|
| 3. |
- Bill-Axelson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Radical prostatectomy versus watchful waiting in early prostate cancer.
- 2011
-
Ingår i: The New England journal of medicine. - : Massachussetts Medical Society. - 1533-4406 .- 0028-4793. ; 364:18, s. 1708-17
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2008, we reported that radical prostatectomy, as compared with watchful waiting, reduces the rate of death from prostate cancer. After an additional 3 years of follow-up, we now report estimated 15-year results.
|
|
| 4. |
- Lundborg, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
An Efficient and Extensible Format, Library, and API for Binary Trajectory Data from Molecular Simulations
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of Computational Chemistry. - : Wiley. - 0192-8651 .- 1096-987X. ; 35:3, s. 260-269
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Molecular dynamics simulations is an important application in theoretical chemistry, and with the large high-performance computing resources available today the programs also generate huge amounts of output data. In particular in life sciences, with complex biomolecules such as proteins, simulation projects regularly deal with several terabytes of data. Apart from the need for more cost-efficient storage, it is increasingly important to be able to archive data, secure the integrity against disk or file transfer errors, to provide rapid access, and facilitate exchange of data through open interfaces. There is already a whole range of different formats used, but few if any of them (including our previous ones) fulfill all these goals. To address these shortcomings, we present Trajectory Next Generation (TNG)a flexible but highly optimized and efficient file format designed with interoperability in mind. TNG both provides state-of-the-art multiframe compression as well as a container framework that will make it possible to extend it with new compression algorithms without modifications in programs using it. TNG will be the new file format in the next major release of the GROMACS package, but it has been implemented as a separate library and API with liberal licensing to enable wide adoption both in academic and commercial codes.
|
|
| 5. |
- Marklund, Helén, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
-
Sleep and health-related quality of life in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic obstruction compared to the general population and patients with inguinal hernia
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 44:5, s. 304-314
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Objective. To determine whether there are differences in the quantity and quality of sleep, including sleep efficiency and insomnia, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) between patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) suggestive of benign prostatic obstruction (BPO), men from the general population and patients with inguinal hernia. Material and methods. The designs were descriptive and comparative. The groups consisted of 239 patients aged 45-80 years who were referred to urological departments with LUTS suggestive of benign prostatic obstruction. The comparison groups consisted of 213 randomly selected men from the general population, stratified according to age and geographical region, and 200 patients with inguinal hernia. The setting was one university and two general hospitals. The method was self-administered questionnaires about demography, comorbidity, sleep and health-related quality of life. Further, patients with LUTS answered questions about urinary symptoms and disease-specific quality of life. Results. The prevalence of insomnia was 40%, 26% and 19% and the prevalence of sleep efficiency < 85% was 49%, 38.5% and 31% in the LUTS, general population and hernia groups, respectively. The median number of nocturnal micturitions was 2, 1 and 1. In the LUTS group (n = 216), 47% had IPSS 8-19 and 44% had >/= 20 points. The HRQoL was significantly impaired in patients with LUTS compared with one or both of the comparison groups (p values < 0.05). Conclusions. Patients with LUTS suggestive of BPO had significantly impaired sleep, a higher prevalence of insomnia and significantly impaired HRQoL compared with one or both of the comparison groups.
|
|
| 6. |
- Religa, Dorota, et al.
(författare)
-
Dementia Diagnosis Differs in Men and Women and Depends on Age and Dementia Severity : Data from SveDem, the Swedish Dementia Quality Registry
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders. - : S. Karger AG. - 1420-8008 .- 1421-9824. ; 33:2-3, s. 90-95
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: We examine the dementia assessment with focus on age and gender differences. Methods: Data from the national quality database, Swedish Dementia Registry (SveDem), including 6,937 dementia patients diagnosed during 20072009 at memory clinics were used. We have studied the use of investigations for dementia diagnostics such as cognitive tests, blood and cerebrospinal fluid analyses, electroencephalography, radiological examinations and assessments of functions. Severity of cognitive impairment was assessed with the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Results: There was a significant decrease in the number of total tests used in the elderly group (>75 years) when compared with the middle-aged group (65-75 years) and younger patients (<65 years). The oldest group was examined with 4 of 11 possible tests, the middle-aged group had 5/11 tests performed and the youngest age group 6/11 tests. There was also a significant gender difference in the diagnostic workup, however, mostly attributable to age. The number of tests positively correlated with the level of cognition assessed by the MMSE. Conclusion: We show here for the first time the impact of age, gender and MMSE score on the dementia diagnostic workup in a large memory clinic patient population in one country. Copyright (C) 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel
|
|
| 7. |
- Spångberg, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
[Benign prostatic hyperplasia with bladder outflow obstruction. A systematic review].
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 110:13-14, s. 682-685
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Godartad prostataförstoring med avflödeshinder är en vanlig sjukdom. Försäljningen av läkemedel i Sverige motsvarar kontinuerlig behandling av 100 000 män. Antalet operationer per år är 4 500.SBU publicerade 2011 en systematisk litteraturgranskning av området.En stor del av handläggningen kan ske i primärvården. Patienterna behandlas i regel på sannolikhetsdiagnos och endast ett fåtal gör tryck–flödesundersökning som kan ge säker diagnos.Vid lindriga besvär krävs ingen behandling. Vid måttliga–svåra besvär står valet mellan en mindre effektiv och lindrig behandling, läkemedel, och en besvärligare men också mycket effektivare kirurgisk behandling.
|
|
| 8. |
- Spångberg, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
-
Environmental impact of meat meal fertilizer vs. chemical fertilizer
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Resources, Conservation and Recycling. - : Elsevier BV. - 0921-3449. ; 55, s. 1078-1086
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Animal by-products (ABP) are rich in nutrients and energy. This LCA study assessed and compared the environmental impact of using meat meal as fertilizer with that of using chemical fertilizer. In one system the nutrient content of ABP Category 2 was recovered and used as a meat meal fertilizer on arable land, replacing chemical fertilizers. In the other system a chemical fertilizer was used and the energy content of the ABP material recovered. The functional unit consisted of one kg of harvested spring wheat and treatment of 0.59 kg of ABP Category 2. The system for nutrient recovery and chemical fertilizer replacement had lower emissions of greenhouse gases and acidification than the energy recovery system, but had higher total use of energy and eutrophying emissions. Overall, the results of the study greatly depended on the fuels replaced. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 9. |
- Wimo, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
Costs of diagnosing dementia : results from SveDem, the Swedish Dementia Registry
- 2013
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 0885-6230 .- 1099-1166. ; 28:10, s. 1039-1044
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective Diagnostic of different dementia disorders is an important part of dementia care. So far, there is limited knowledge about how dementia is diagnosed in clinical routine, and there are few reports on the costs of the dementia work-up leading to a diagnosis. Here, we examine the costs of diagnostic dementia work-up in Sweden. Methods The analyses were made on the data from the Swedish Dementia Registry (SveDem) and included 11,561 dementia patients diagnosed during 2007-2010, mainly not only in specialist care (SC) (n=53) but also some primary care centres (PC). We have studied differences in the use of investigations for dementia diagnostics such as cognitive tests, blood and cerebrospinal fluid analyses, radiological examinations and assessments of functions. Unit costs for each diagnostic investigation were combined with the use of these investigations for all cases in the database. Results are presented versus gender and stratified for age. Results The number of diagnostic tests performed was 2.8 in PC and 4.6 in SC. The average costs (Euro1=SEK9 and US$1=SEK7 in 2010) were SEK6777 in PC and SEK11,682 in SC. Age was the strongest cost predictor while there were no gender differences. There were also regional differences, ranging from SEK8231 to SEK14,734 in SC. Conclusions The SveDem database offers valuable information on the diagnostic procedures for dementia in daily clinical practice. The differences between PC and SC in diagnostic costs reflect national guidelines. The age effect needs to be studied more.
|
|
