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- Ekstrom, J, et al.
(författare)
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Biochemical and functional evidence for nerve sprouting in the decentralized, hypertrophied rat urinary bladder
- 1987
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Ingår i: Pharmacology and Toxicology. - 1600-0773. ; 60:2, s. 86-89
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The preganglionic nerves of the rat urinary bladder were cut. The decentralized bladders gained markedly in weight. Both one and four weeks post-operatively, transmural nerve stimulation evoked contractile responses of the muscle strips of the decentralized bladders, that were of the same magnitude as those of the control bladders. However, four weeks post-operatively, the atropine resistant fraction of the response was decreased; consequently, the atropine sensitive (cholinergic) fraction was increased. The activity of the acetylcholine synthesizing enzyme, choline acetyltransferase, was increased at the late time of observation. The present biochemical and functional findings may suggest outgrowth of branches from the decentralized post-ganglionic cholinergic nerves.
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- Ekström, J, et al.
(författare)
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Transient supersensitivity in the hypertrophied rat urinary bladder
- 1986
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Ingår i: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6772. ; 126:3, s. 365-370
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The presence of a paraffin bolus intravesically for 1 or 4 weeks was accompanied by an approximate three-fold increase in bladder weight. A supersensitivity to methacholine was demonstrated in these hypertrophied bladders at 1 week but not at 4 weeks. At the earlier time of observation, the contractile responses in vitro to nerve stimulation were reduced, while at the later time of observation the responses were the same as those of controls; the atropine-sensitive fraction of the response was entirely responsible for the recovery. The concentration of choline acetyltransferase, indicating cholinergic nerve density and initially reduced by about 50%, rose in course of time. It is suggested that in the beginning of the experimental period, the muscle cells of the hypertrophied bladders in situ are exposed to 'subnormal' transmitter concentration. An extension of the field of innervation of the cholinergic nerves may explain the disappearance of the supersensitivity.
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- Gillberg, Christopher, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term stimulant treatment of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
- 1997
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Ingår i: Archives of general psychiatry. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 0003-990X. ; 54, s. 857-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: We wanted to study the effects of amphetamine on symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) over a longer period than has been reported in previous studies of central stimulants in this condition. Methods: Sixty-two children, aged 6 to 11 years, meeting DSM-III-R symptom criteria for ADHD participated in a parallel-group design, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of amphetamine treatment. Treatment was not restricted to children with "pure" ADHD, ie, some had comorbid diagnoses. In the amphetamine group, children received active treatment for 15 months. Results: Amphetamine was clearly superior to placebo in reducing inattention, hyperactivity, and other disruptive behavior problems and tended to lead to improved results on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children—Revised. Treatment failure rate was considerably lower and time to treatment failure was longer in the amphetamine group. Adverse effects were few and relatively mild. Conclusion: The results of this long-term, placebo-controlled study of the central stimulant amphetamine in the treatment of ADHD indicate that there are remaining positive effects of the drug 15 months after starting treatment.
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- Kornfeldt, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Studium av två endimensionella koder för faksimil överföring
- 1978
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Två endimensionella koder för faksimil överföring av dokument har studerats, Modified Huffman Code (MHC} och Intermediate Ternary Code (ITC}. Båda koderna är föreslagna till CCITT för standardisering. Vi har beräknat hur bra kompression man får med de båda koderna på CCITT:s 8 testdokument. skillnaderna är inte så stora men MHC har en något bättre kompressionsförmåga.
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- Lundberg, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Direct evidence of active sympathetic vasodilatation in the skin of the human foot
- 1989
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Ingår i: Journal of Physiology. - 1469-7793. ; 417, s. 437-446
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1. During operative aorto-femoral vascular reconstructions on sixteen patients, the sympathetic chain was stimulated electrically between the L2 and L4 ganglia while blood flow was monitored by laser doppler flowmeters from the skin on the sole of the foot and the ankle and by an electromagnetic flowmeter from the deep femoral artery. Epidural anaesthesia to at least the T6 level was used which excluded reflex effects. 2. Stimulation (10 Hz) at 1-12 mA current strengths for 30 s evoked both reductions and increases of blood flow in glabrous and hairy skin. Initial short-lasting flow increases (durations 9-19 s) followed by sustained decreases were common: sometimes there were sustained flow increases at low and decreases at high current strengths. 3. In the deep femoral artery (supplying predominantly muscle) only flow reductions were evoked. 4. The results provide evidence for sympathetically mediated vasodilatation in the skin of the human foot whereas leg muscles may be supplied by vasoconstrictor nerves only.
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- Wallin, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Hierarkisk kodning för faksimilbilder
- 1980
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Här undersöks hierarkisk kodning av binära bilder och jämförs med en av CCITT standardiserad endimensionell kod. Resultaten visar att prestanda för de hierarkiska koderna uppfyller det mål man vanligtvis vill uppnå.
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