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| 2. |
- Chrcanovic, Bruno, et al.
(författare)
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Immediate nonfunctional versus immediate functional loading and dental implant failure rates: A systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Dentistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0300-5712 .- 1879-176X. ; 42:9, s. 1052-1059
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The purpose of the present review was to test the null hypothesis of no difference in the implant failure rates, postoperative infection, and marginal bone loss for patients being rehabilitated using dental implants with immediate nonfunctional loading (INFL) compared to immediate functional loading (IFL), against the alternative hypothesis of a difference. Methods: An electronic search without time or language restrictions was undertaken in March 2014. Eligibility criteria included clinical human studies, either randomized or not. The estimates of relative effect were expressed in risk ratio (RR) and mean difference (MD) in millimeters. Results: 1059 studies were identified and 11 studies were included, of which 7 were of high risk of bias, whereas four studies were of low risk of bias. The results showed that the procedure used (nonfunctional vs. functional) did not significantly affect the implant failure rates (P = 0.70), with a RR of 0.87 (95% CI 0.44-1.75). The wide CI demonstrates uncertainty about the effect size. The analysis of postoperative infection was not possible due to lack of data. No apparent significant effects of non-occlusal loading on the marginal bone loss (MD 0.01 mm, 95% CI -0.04-0.06; P = 0.74) were observed. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that the differences in occlusal loading between INFL and IFL might not affect the survival of these dental implants and that there is no apparent significant effect on the marginal bone loss. Clinical Significance: There has been a controversy concerning whether dental implants should be subjected to immediate functional or nonfunctional loading. As the philosophies of treatment may alter over time, a periodic review of the different concepts is necessary to refine techniques and eliminate unnecessary procedures. This would form a basis for optimum treatment. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Eliasson, Alf, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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The precision of fit of milled titanium implant frameworks (I-Bridge) in the edentulous jaw.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Clinical implant dentistry and related research. - : Wiley. - 1708-8208 .- 1523-0899. ; 12:2, s. 81-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: New computer numeric controlled (CNC)-milled frameworks for implant-supported prostheses have been introduced. However, no data are available on the precision of fit of these new frameworks. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the precision of fit of a new CNC-milled framework technique (I-Bridge, Biomain AB, Helsingborg, Sweden) using Brånemark System (Nobel Biocare AB, Göteborg, Sweden) and NobelReplace (Nobel Biocare AB) system implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten test frameworks were fabricated for one master model for each implant system. Five additional frameworks were fabricated for five different models simulating clinical cases as controls (Brånemark System). The distortion of implant center point positions was measured in x-, y-, and z-axes and in three dimensions by using a contact-type coordinate measuring machine and a computer program developed specifically for this purpose. Mann-Whitney U-test was used to compare differences of distortion within and between the groups. RESULTS: The maximal distortion in arch width (x-axis) and curvature (y-axis) was within 71 and 55 microm for all frameworks, respectively. The mean distortion in absolute figures in x-, y-, z-axes and three dimensions was for "clinical control" frameworks 23, 26, 4, and 34 microm as compared with less than 12, 12, 2, and 17 microm for Brånemark and NobelReplace frameworks, respectively. Control frameworks showed significantly (p < .05) greater mean and range of distortions in x- and y-axes and in three dimensions compared with test frameworks. CONCLUSION: All measured frameworks presented signs of misfit, indicating that no framework had a "passive fit." Frameworks produced in a more routine clinical environment seem to present greater levels of distortion as compared with frameworks produced in a strict test situation. However, all measured frameworks presented levels of precision of fit within limits considered to be clinically acceptable in earlier studies of frameworks placed on abutments.
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| 4. |
- Fröjd, Victoria, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of nanoporous TiO2 coating and anodized Ca2+ modification of titanium surfaces on early microbial biofilm formation.
- 2011
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Ingår i: BMC oral health. - London, UK : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6831. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The soft tissue around dental implants forms a barrier between the oral environment and the peri-implant bone and a crucial factor for long-term success of therapy is development of a good abutment/soft-tissue seal. Sol-gel derived nanoporous TiO2 coatings have been shown to enhance soft-tissue attachment but their effect on adhesion and biofilm formation by oral bacteria is unknown.
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| 5. |
- Fröjd, Victoria, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Importance of Ca(2+) Modifications for Osseointegration of Smooth and Moderately Rough Anodized Titanium Implants - A Removal Torque and Histological Evaluation in Rabbit.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Clinical implant dentistry and related research. - : Wiley. - 1708-8208 .- 1523-0899. ; 14:5, s. 737-745
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Incorporation of Ca(2+) into the titania of anodized titanium surfaces has been found to enhance osseointegration. It provides a stable surface when the ions are incorporated into the oxide layer during the anodizing process. The Ca(2+) may suggestively be prominent sites for mineral induction, attract proteins, and catalyze intracellular cascades. Purpose: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the osseointegration of smooth (S(a) < 0.5µm) and moderately rough (S(a) 1.0-2.0µm) commercially pure titanium implants, with and without Ca(2+) , in order to reflect on the importance of surface chemistry in relation to topography. Materials and Methods: Anodized implants with (OxCa) or without Ca(2+) (Ox), blasted implants (Bl), and blasted anodized implants, with (BlOxCa) or without Ca(2+) (BlOx), were inserted in rabbit femur and tibia. The implant surfaces were characterized using interferometry, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy prior to implant installation. Removal torque (RTQ) measurements were executed on all implants after a healing period of 12 weeks. The implants were, thereafter, removed en bloc with surrounding tissues and prepared for histological evaluations. Results: RTQ measurements of tibial implants revealed significantly higher values for BlOxCa implants (90.7 ± 23.3 Ncm) compared to OxCa (64.6 ± 18.2 Ncm) and BlOx implants (69.7 ± 17.5 Ncm) (p = 0.029). Ca(2+) modification of smooth implants placed in the femur did not reveal any differences. Conclusion: Ca(2+) modification of smooth implants resulted in similar interfacial shear strength as moderately rough implants and Ca(2+) modification of moderately rough implants demonstrated the significantly strongest interfacial shear strength when placed in rabbit tibia. This possibly demonstrated surface chemistry compensating for lesser roughness.
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| 6. |
- Halldin, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Implant Stability and Bone Remodeling after 3 and 13 Days of Implantation with an Initial Static Strain
- 2014
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Ingår i: Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1523-0899 .- 1708-8208. ; 16:3, s. 383-393
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective Bone is constantly exposed to dynamic and static loads, which induce both dynamic and static bone strains. Although numerous studies exist on the effect of dynamic strain on implant stability and bone remodeling, the effect of static strain needs further investigation. Therefore, the effect of two different static bone strain levels on implant stability and bone remodeling at two different implantation times was investigated in a rabbit model. Methods Two different test implants with a diametrical expansion of 0.15 mm (group A) and 0.05 mm (group B) creating initial static bone strains of 0.045 and 0.015, respectively. The implants were inserted in the proximal tibial metaphysis of 24 rabbits to observe the biological response at implant removal. Both groups were compared to control implants (group C), with no diametrical increase. The insertion torque (ITQ) was measured to represent the initial stability and the removal torque (RTQ) was measured to analyze the effect that static strain had on implant stability and bone remodeling after 3 and 13 days of implantation time. Results The ITQ and the RTQ values for test implants were significantly higher for both implantation times compared to control implants. A selection of histology samples was prepared to measure bone to implant contact (BIC). There was a tendency that the BIC values for test implants were higher compared to control implants. Conclusion These findings suggest that increased static bone strain creates higher implant stability at the time of insertion, and this increased stability is maintained throughout the observed period.
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| 7. |
- Halldin, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of static bone strain on implant stability of bone remodelling
- 2011
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Ingår i: Bone. - : Elsevier. - 8756-3282 .- 1873-2763. ; 49:4, s. 783-789
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bone remodeling is a process involving both dynamic and static bone strain. Although there exist numerous studies on the effect of dynamic strain on implant stability and bone remodeling, the effect of static strain has yet to be clarified. Hence, for this purpose, the effect of static bone strain on implant stability and bone remodeling was investigated in rabbits. Based on Finite Element (FE) simulation two different test implants, with a diametrical increase of 0.15 mm (group A) and 0.05 mm (group B) creating static strains in the bone of 0.045 and 0.015 respectively, were inserted in the femur (group A) and the proximal tibia metaphysis (groups A and B respectively) of 14 rabbits to observe the biological response. Both groups were compared to control implants, with no diametrical increase (group C), which were placed in the opposite leg. At the time of surgery, the insertion torque (ITQ) was measured to represent the initial stability. The rabbits were euthanized after 24 days and the removal torque (RTQ) was measured to analyze the effect on implant stability and bone remodeling. The mean ITQ value was significantly higher for both groups A and B compared to group C regardless of the bone type. The RTQ value was significantly higher in tibia for groups A and B compared to group C while group A placed in femur presented no significant difference compared to group C. The results suggest that increased static strain in the bone not only creates higher implant stability at the time of insertion, but also generates increased implant stability throughout the observation period.
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| 8. |
- Hjalmarsson, Lars, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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Cellular responses to cobalt-chrome and CP titanium - an in vitro comparison of frameworks for implant-retained oral prostheses : Cellreaktioner mot broskelett för implantatretinerade konstruktioner av kobolt-kromlegering och kommersiellt rent titan. En jämförande in vitro-studie.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. ; 35:4/11, s. 169-244
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The responses of cell types in peri-implant tissues to cobalt-chrome and titanium were studied in vitro. Cylinders were made from both a cobalt-chrome alloy and commercially pure titanium (length 6 mm, diameter 7.9 mm). Plastic tubes were placed over the cylinders to create cell culture wells, in which human epithelial cells or mouse fibroblasts were cultivated. Cell viability was studied using the Alamar Blue™ method. The surface structure of two samples of each material was analyzed with optical interferometry. The morphology of cells grown on cylinders of each material was studied with scanning electronic microscopy. Epithelial cells and fibroblasts in the titanium group were more viable than those in the cobalt-chrome group (p = 0.001 and p = 0.000, respectively). The titanium surfaces had a greater height deviation (Sa, p = 0.027) but were less dense (Sds, p = 0.044) than the cobalt-chrome group. The scanning electronic microscopy revealed no major deviations from normal cell morphology. Within the limitations of the present study, the findings indicate that epithelial cells as well as fibroblasts have a stronger negative response to cobalt-chrome alloy than to titanium. We suggest that these differences can be explained only by the material per se and not by the minor differences in surface structure. Further and clinical studies are needed to confirm the significance of these findings.
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| 10. |
- Jimbo, Ryo, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Histological and three-dimensional evaluation of osseointegration to nanostructured calcium phosphate-coated implants.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acta biomaterialia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1878-7568 .- 1742-7061.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nanostructures on implant surfaces have been shown to enhance osseointegration; however, commonly used evaluation techniques are probably not sufficiently sensitive to fully determine the effects of this process. This study aimed to observe the osseointegration properties of nanostructured calcium phosphate (CaP)-coated implants, by using a combination of three-dimensional imaging and conventional histology. Titanium implants were coated with stable CaP nanoparticles using an immersion technique followed by heat treatment. Uncoated implants were used as the control. After topographical and chemical characterizations, implants were inserted into the rabbit femur. After 2 and 4weeks, the samples were retrieved for micro-computed tomography and histomorphometric evaluation. Scanning electron microscopy evaluation indicated that the implant surface was modified at the nanoscale by CaP to obtain surface textured with rod-shaped structures. Relative to the control, the bone-to-implant contact for the CaP-coated implant was significantly higher at 4weeks after the implant surgery. Further, corresponding 3-D images showed active bone formation surrounding the implant. 3-D quantification and 2-D histology demonstrated statistical correlation; moreover, 3-D quantification indicated a statistical decrease in bone density in the non-coated control implant group between 2 and 4weeks after the surgery. The application of 3-D evaluation further clarified the temporal characteristics and biological reaction of implants in bone.
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