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Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Zandi Peter) srt2:(2005-2009)"

Sökning: WFRF:(Zandi Peter) > (2005-2009)

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1.
  • Hayden, Kathleen M, et al. (författare)
  • Effects of family history and apolipoprotein E epsilon4 status on cognitive decline in the absence of Alzheimer dementia: the Cache County Study.
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Archives of neurology. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 1538-3687 .- 0003-9942. ; 66:11, s. 1378-83
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influences of a family history of Alzheimer dementia (FHxAD) and the apolipoprotein E epsilon4 genotype (APOE epsilon4) on cognitive decline. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Residents of Cache County, Utah, aged 65 years or older, were invited to participate. At baseline, 2957 participants provided DNA for genotyping of APOE and a detailed FHxAD. They also completed the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination. Cognitive status was reexamined after 3 and 7 years. We used mixed-effects models to examine the association among FHxAD, APOE epsilon4, and cognitive trajectories. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Modified Mini-Mental State Examination score trajectories over time. RESULTS: Compared with participants who did not have APOE epsilon4 or an FHxAD, those with APOE epsilon4 scored lower on the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination at baseline (-0.70 points; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.15 to -0.24). Participants with an FHxAD and APOE epsilon4 differed less, if at all, in baseline score (-0.46 points; 95% CI, -1.09 to 0.16) but declined faster during the 7-year study (-9.75 points [95% CI, -10.82 to -8.67] vs -2.91 points [95% CI, -3.37 to -2.44]). After exclusion of participants who developed prodromal AD or incident dementia, the group with an FHxAD and APOE epsilon4 declined much less during the 7-year study (-1.54; 95% CI, -2.59 to -0.50). CONCLUSIONS: Much of the association among FHxAD, APOE epsilon4, and cognitive decline may be attributed to undetected incipient (latent) disease. In the absence of latent disease, the 2 factors do not appear individually to be associated with cognitive decline, although they may be additive.
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  • Norton, Maria C, et al. (författare)
  • Church attendance and new episodes of major depression in a community study of older adults: the Cache County Study.
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences. - 1079-5014. ; 63:3
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We examined the relation between church attendance, membership in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (LDS), and major depressive episode, in a population-based study of aging and dementia in Cache County, Utah. Participants included 2,989 nondemented individuals aged between 65 and 100 years who were interviewed initially in 1995 to 1996 and again in 1998 to 1999. LDS church members reported twice the rate of major depression that non-LDS members did (odds ratio = 2.56, 95% confidence interval = 1.07-6.08). Individuals attending church weekly or more often had a significantly lower risk for major depression. After controlling for demographic and health variables and the strongest predictor of future episodes of depression, a prior depression history, we found that church attendance more often than weekly remained a significant protectant (odds ratio = 0.51, 95% confidence interval = 0.28-0.92). Results suggest that there may be a threshold of church attendance that is necessary for a person to garner long-term protection from depression. We discuss sociological factors relevant to LDS culture.
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  • Norton, Maria C, et al. (författare)
  • Three-year incidence of first-onset depressive syndrome in a population sample of older adults: the Cache County study.
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. - 1064-7481. ; 14:3, s. 237-45
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: Estimates of incidence of late-life depression vary greatly with few studies excluding demented cases through in-depth evaluation and most studies failing to control for the effect of mortality and interval treatment. In a large population-based study, the authors examined the effect on incidence of first-onset depressive syndrome to determine whether any gender or age differences in incidence are attenuated with inclusion of these additional measures. METHOD: Incidence rates of depressive syndrome per 1,000 person-years are presented for 2,877 nondemented elderly (ages 65 to 100 years) residents of Cache County, Utah. Cases are identified by direct interview methods, by inference from prescription antidepressant medicine use, and by postmortem informant interview for decedents. RESULTS: In-person interviews yielded incidence rates of first-onset depressive disorder (any type) of 13.09 for men and 19.44 for women. Inclusion of antidepressant users increased these figures to 15.55 for men and 23.30 for women. Addition of postmortem interview data yielded rates of 20.66 for men and 26.29 for women. Individuals with no history of depression had rates for major depression of 7.88 for men and 8.75 for women; minor depression rates were 19.23 for men and 24.46 for women (p = 0.691; effect for minor depression p <0.0001). Age did not predict incidence. CONCLUSIONS: Incidence of first-onset major depression varies with data source and prior lifetime history of depression. Gender effects apparent in interview data are attenuated when postmortem information and pharmacotherapy were considered.
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  • Sjögren, Magnus, et al. (författare)
  • Cholesterol and Alzheimer's disease--is there a relation?
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Mechanisms of ageing and development. - : Elsevier BV. - 0047-6374. ; 127:2, s. 138-47
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The predominating theory on the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) concerns the mis-metabolism of amyloid precursor protein (APP). As a result of this mis-metabolism, there is an increased production of the 42 amino acid form of beta-amyloid (Abeta42) that rapidly will form oligomers that initiates a cascade of events leading to the accumulation of amyloid plaques. Commonly recognised as vascular factors, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes and the inheritance of the epsilon4 allele of the APOE gene, are also risk factors for AD. These risks have been found to promote the production of Abeta42. An association between cholesterol and the development of AD was suggested in the early 1990s and ever since, an increasing amount of research has confirmed that there is a link between cholesterol and the development of AD. A high cholesterol levels in mid-life is a risk for AD and statins, i.e., cholesterol-lowering drugs, reduce this risk. Statins may not only inhibit enzymes involved in the endogenous synthesis of cholesterol but also affect enzymes involved in Abeta metabolism, i.e., alpha-secretase and beta-secretase. This normalises the breakdown of APP thereby promoting the non-amyloidogenic pathway. In this review, investigations focusing on cholesterol and Alzheimer's disease are presented.
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8.
  • Zandi, Kamyab, 1981, et al. (författare)
  • Frost-damaged concrete: Part 1. Material properties
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: 4th International Conference on Construction Materials: Performance, Innovations and Structural Implications. ; , s. 753-760
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In an extensive experimental investigation, several tests were performed on a reference and frost-damaged concrete. The test results showed significant influence of freeze-thaw cycles not only on the compressive strength but, to a larger extent, on the modulus of elasticity and the compressive strain at peak stress. Reduced tensile strength and increased fracture energy were measured. From inverse analysis, significant effect of frost on the shape of the tensile stress-crack opening relationship was observed; i.e. tensile strength was decreased while the post-peak behavior was more ductile for the frost-damaged concrete than for the reference concrete.
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  • Zandi, Kamyab, 1981, et al. (författare)
  • Frost-damaged concrete: Part 2. Bond properties
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: 4th International Conference on Construction Materials: Performance, Innovations and Structural Implications. ; , s. 761-766
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In an experimental investigation, pull-out tests were carried out on a reference and frost-damaged concrete. The level of frost damage was quantified by relative dynamic modulus of elasticity calculated from ultrasonic measurements. The test results showed significant influence of freeze-thaw cycles not only on the bond strength but also on the slip at the maximum bond. However, similar residual bond strength was observed for the reference and frost-damaged concrete. Finally, the results were compared with pull-out tests of frost-damaged concrete available in literature and the bond capacity and slip at maximum bond were discussed.
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