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| 2. |
- Zhu, Bin, et al.
(författare)
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Innovative solid carbonate-ceria composite electrolyte fuel cells
- 2001
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Ingår i: Electrochemistry communications. - 1388-2481 .- 1873-1902. ; 3:10, s. 566-571
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An innovative solid carbonate-oxide composite and related fuel cell (FC) technology is reported, It was discovered that solid carbonate-ceria composite (SCC) electrolytes were highly conductive with the material conductivity level varying from 0.001 to 0.2 S cm(-1) between 400 and 600 degreesC, and related FCs reached a power density between 200 and 600 mW cm(2) at a Current density of 300-1200 mA cm(-2) in the same temperature region. The SCCs were discovered to possess both oxide-ion (originating from the ceria phase) and proton (from the carbonate phase) conduction. Being an all-solid ceramic FC. the SCC can effectively reduce the material corrosion problem that is serious for the molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs). On the other hand, the innovative FC technology based on the SCC electrolytes developed in this work is similar to solid oxide fuel cells (SOF'Cs) and different from the MCFCs based on their ionic transport and FC processes, which facilitates a development of new type of advanced FC technology.
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| 3. |
- Zhu, Bin, et al.
(författare)
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Innovative low temperature SOFCs and advanced materials
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Power Sources. - 0378-7753 .- 1873-2755. ; 118:02-jan, s. 47-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High ionic conductivity, varying from 0.01 to 1 S cm(-1) between 300 and 700 degreesC, has been achieved for the hybrid and nano-ceriacomposite electrolyte materials, demonstrating a successful application for advanced low temperature solid oxide fuel cells (LTSOFCs). The LTSOFCs were constructed based on these new materials. The performance of 0.15-0.25 W cm(-2) was obtained in temperature region of 320400 degreesC for the ceria-carbonate composite electrolyte, and of 0.35-0.66 W cm(-2) in temperature region of 500-600 degreesC for the ceria-lanthanum oxide composites. The cell could even function at as low as 200 degreesC. The cell has also undergone a life test for several months. A two-cell stack was studied, showing expected performance successfully. The excellent LTSOFC performance is resulted from both functional electrolyte and electrode materials. The electrolytes are two phase composite materials based on the oxygen ion and proton conducting phases, or two rare-earth oxides. The electrodes used were based on the same composite material system having excellent compatibility with the electrolyte. They are highly catalytic and conductive thus creating the excellent performances at low temperatures. These innovative LT materials and LTSOFC technologies would open the door for wide applications, not only for stationary but also for mobile power sources.
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| 4. |
- Fu, Q. X., et al.
(författare)
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Doped ceria-chloride composite electrolyte for intermediate temperature ceramic membrane fuel cells
- 2002
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Ingår i: Materials letters (General ed.). - 0167-577X .- 1873-4979. ; 53:3, s. 186-192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A kind of oxide-salt composite electrolyte, gadolinium-doped ceria (GDC)-LiCl-SrCl2, prepared with hot-press technique, shows superior ionic conductivity, which is 2-10 times higher than that of GDC itself at the temperature range of 400-600 degreesC. More interestingly, not like the GDC electrolyte, which has some extent of electronic conduction under reducing atmosphere, the composite electrolyte is almost a pure ionic conductor, evidenced by the fuel cell's (FC) open circuit voltage (OCV) close to the theoretical one. The fuel cells based on this composite electrolyte show excellent power density output even at temperature as low as 500 degreesC (240 mW cm(-2)) in spite of the relatively thick electrolyte (0.4 mm). Such high performance, in combination with its low cost in both raw materials and fabrication process, make this kind of composite electrolyte a good candidate electrolyte material for future ultra-low-cost intermediate temperature ceramic membrane fuel cells (IT-CMFCs).
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| 5. |
- Fu, Q. X., et al.
(författare)
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Intermediate temperature fuel cells based on doped ceria-LiCl-SrCl2 composite electrolyte
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Power Sources. - 0378-7753 .- 1873-2755. ; 104:1, s. 73-78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new type of oxide-salt composite electrolyte, gadolinium-doped ceria (GDC)-LiCl-SrCl2, was developed and demonstrated its promising use for intermediate temperature (400-700 degreesC) fuel cells (ITFCs). The dc electrical conductivity of this composite electrolyte (0.09-0.13 S cm(-1) at 500-650 degreesC) was 3-10 times higher than that of the pure GDC electrolyte, indicating remarkable proton or oxygen ion conduction existing in the LiCl-SrCl2 chloride salts or at the interface between GDC and the chloride salts. Using this composite electrolyte, peak power densities of 260 and 510 mW cm(-2), with current densities of 650 and 1250 mA cm(-2) were achieved at 550 and 625 degreesC, respectively. This makes the new material a good candidate electrolyte for future low-cost ITFCs.
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| 6. |
- Kiros, Yohannes, et al.
(författare)
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Cost-effective perovskite for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (ITSOFC)
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of New Materials for Electrochemical Systems. - 1480-2422. ; 4:4, s. 253-258
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Low lanthanum containing perovskite, Ca0.9La0.1MnO3 (CLM) was synthesized. The material was characterized and examined as a cathode for the intermediate temperature (400 to 650C) solid oxide fuel cell (ITSOFC) applications. ITSOFCs using this cost-effective perovskite as a cathode displayed an excellent cell performance: between 300 and 1500 mA/cm(-2) (100 to 500 mWcm(-2)) for temperatures ranging from 450 to 600 degreesC. The role of AgO as additive to the perovskite has also showed an enhancement in the fuel cell performance.
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| 7. |
- Yuan, J., et al.
(författare)
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Modeling and analysis of A bio-fuelled ceramic fuel cell stack
- 2004
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Ingår i: Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology - 2004. - : ASMEDC. ; , s. 453-459
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent development in the advanced ceramic fuel cell (CFC), working at intermediate temperature 600-700°C, brings up feasibility and new opportunity to employ renewable fuels with this innovative technology. It may offer a better solution concerning environment, natural resources and development of our civil society. Moreover, direct oxidation of hydrocarbon fuels at intermediate temperature possesses great advantage in avoiding complex and expensive external reforming process. This paper presents modeling and analysis of an inter-mediate temperature CFC stack. The model is a general one to evaluate the stack performance for the purpose of optimal design and/or configuration based on the specified electrical power or fuel supply rate, except that the Tafel coefficients are adjusted and/or obtained to match experimental data. The energy and gas flow data obtained from the investigation can be further used to identify the heat exchanger network configurations and optimal operating conditions using process integration techniques. The model can be applied as a stand alone one, or implemented into an overall energy system modeling for the purpose of system study.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Zhu, Bin
(författare)
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Advantages of intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells for tractionary applications
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Power Sources. - 0378-7753 .- 1873-2755. ; 93:02-jan, s. 82-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our recent achievements suggest that intermediate temperature (IT) solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) can become a strong competitor not only for stationary power generation, but also for tractionary applications, e.g. for electrical (hybrid) vehicles. These ITSOFCs are based on ceria-salt composite ceramic materials. These new ceria-based composite ceramic materials have shown a super ionic conductivity (0.1-1.0 S cm(-1)) in the IT region (400-600 degreesC). Using them as the electrolytes the ITSOFCs are operated between 300 and 1500 mA cm(-2) (200-700 mW cm(-2)) continuously between 400 and 600 degreesC. The opportunities and advantages of these new advanced ITSOFCs for electrical vehicle applications are discussed. The high efficiency ITSOFCs fed directly with hydrocarbon containing gas-type and liquid-type fuels have shown an enormous potential for application in electrical vehicles.
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| 10. |
- Zhu, Bin
(författare)
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Applications of hydrofluoride ceramic membranes for advanced fuel cell technology
- 2000
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Ingår i: International Journal of Energy Research. - 0363-907X .- 1099-114X. ; 24:1, s. 39-49
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New types of materials, hydrofluoride-alumina ceramic composites containing one hydride component, CaH2, have been studied for fuel cell applications. Excellent fuel cell performances were achieved for a peak power density of 180 mW cm(-2) at 300 mA cm(-2), and a short-circuit current density near 1000 mA cm(-2). In fuel cell measurements the conductivity and ionic transport properties of the hydrofluoride-based electrolytes have also been investigated. During fuel cell operation, water was often observed at the cathode (air side), indicating that proton conduction occurs in these electrolyte materials. The experiments show an interesting chance for the future development of innovative fuel cell technology for commercialization.
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