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- Eberhardt, Jacob, et al.
(author)
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Blood-brain barrier permeability and nerve cell damage in rat brain 14 and 28 days after exposure to microwaves from GSM mobile phones.
- 2008
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In: Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1536-8386 .- 1536-8378. ; 27:3, s. 215-229
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We investigated the effects of global system for mobile communication (GSM) microwave exposure on the permeability of the blood-brain barrier and signs of neuronal damage in rats using a real GSM programmable mobile phone in the 900 MHz band. Ninety-six non-anaesthetized rats were either exposed to microwaves or sham exposed in TEM-cells for 2 h at specific absorption rates of average whole-body Specific Absorption Rates (SAR) of 0.12, 1.2, 12, or 120 mW/kg. The rats were sacrificed after a recovery time of either 14 or 28 d, following exposure and the extravazation of albumin, its uptake into neurons, and occurrence of damaged neurons was assessed. Albumin extravazation and also its uptake into neurons was seen to be enhanced after 14 d (Kruskal Wallis test: p = 0.02 and 0.002, respectively), but not after a 28 d recovery period. The occurrence of dark neurons in the rat brains, on the other hand, was enhanced later, after 28 d (p = 0.02). Furthermore, in the 28-d brain samples, neuronal albumin uptake was significantly correlated to occurrence of damaged neurons (Spearman r = 0.41; p < 0.01).
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| 2. |
- Van Hese, Jan, et al.
(author)
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Simulation of the Effect of Inhomogeneities in TEM Transmission Cells using the FDTD-Method
- 1992
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In: IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0018-9375 .- 1558-187X. ; 34:3, s. 292-298
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The finite difference time domain (FDTD)-method is applied to model transverse electromagnetic (TEM) transmission cells in three dimensions. The perturbation of the TEM-mode and the standard field distribution in the TEM-cell, due to inhomogeneous materials placed inside the cell cavity, is evaluated. Particularly, the dependence of the disturbance of the TEM-mode on the dimensions of the material and its position in the TEM-cell is studied. Also the absorption of the electromagnetic fields in the lossy materials, placed in the cell, is calculated.
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