| 1. |
- Andersson, Carina, 1970-
(författare)
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Informationsdesign i tillståndsövervakning : En studie av ett bildskärmsbaserat användargränssnitt för tillståndsövervakning och tillståndsbaserat underhåll
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This research concerns the information design and visual design of graphical user interfaces (GUI) in the condition monitoring and condition-based maintenance (CBM) of production equipment. It also concerns various communicative aspects of a GUI, which is used to monitor the condition of assets. It applies to one Swedish vendor and its intentions to design information. In addition, it applies to the interaction between the GUI and its individual visual elements, as well as the communication between the GUI and the users (in four Swedish paper mills).The research is performed as a single case study. Interviews and observations have been the main methods for data collection. Empirical data is analyzed with methods inferred to semiotics, rhetoric and narratology. Theories in information science and regarding remediation are used to interpret the user interface design.The key conclusion is that there are no less than five different forms of information, all important when determining the conditions of assets. These information forms include the words, images and shapes in the GUI, the machine components and peripherals equipment, the information that takes form when personnel communicate machine conditions, the personnel’s subjective associations, and the information forms that relate to the personnel's actions and interactions.Preventive technicians interpret the GUI-information individually and collectively in relation to these information forms, which influence their interpretation and understanding of the GUI information. Social media in the GUI makes it possible to represent essential information that takes form when employees communicate a machine’s condition. Photographs may represent information forms as a machine’s components, peripherals, and local environment change over time. Moreover, preventative technicians may use diagrams and photographs in the GUI to change attitudes among the personnel at the mills and convince them, for example, of a machine’s condition or the effectiveness of CBM as maintenance policy.
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| 2. |
- Andersson Schaeffer, Jennie, 1974-
(författare)
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Communication space : Spatial design in manufacturing industry
- 2011
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The main concern of this licentiate thesis is to discuss how built space is used for communication in the manufacturing industry, from a visual communication perspective. The thesis presents and develops the notion of 'communication space' and presents a model to describe the relation between different factors in the communication space. In a multiple case study, six different cases from the manufacturing industry are described and analyzed to highlight how built space is used for communication in a lean production context. Research results on how built spaces such as improvement places, meeting places and a development workshop affect improvement processes and communication are presented. What the studied improvement areas, meeting places and workshop can be said to communicate about the improvement processes is analyzed. The research results show that the built spaces in manufacturing industry are used for communication on two levels, both as places for interaction between employees and as a part of a communication process. The study also shows a relation between architecture from a specific time and the relation to the improvement work in the industrial context. How the results can be used to facilitate communication in the built spaces used for improvement processes in manufacturing industry is suggested in the thesis.
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| 3. |
- Andersson Schaeffer, Jennie, 1974-
(författare)
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Spaces for innovation
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Workspace design, as an enabling factor in innovation, is an emerging topic for innovation and design research. However, little research has been done on users’ experience on workspaces for innovation in a manufacturing industrial context. The aim of the dissertation is to develop knowledge and understanding of workspaces for innovation from a user perspective.The dissertation is based on studies done in four manufacturing industries and in one design and innovation consultancy, with a focus on the employees' experience of the physical space in relation to innovation. The research method used was the photo elicitation interview. The 31 participants made photographs that served as a basis for verbal interviews to communicate the relationship they experienced between their workspace and innovation. The analysis and the interpretation of the material, supported by information, cultural and phenomenological theoretical perspectives, intend to contribute to the current scientific discourse in innovation and design.A pattern was found in the results. In the manufacturing industrial companies, the majority of workspaces that users described as supporting or hindering innovation were motifs showing aculture promoting innovation in small steps. Their examples were found to be in close similarity to what previous research describe as characteristics of exploitative innovation. In the design company, the most photographed motifs were workspaces and objects that supported different variations of what previousresearch defines as characteristics for a culture supporting radical, explorative innovation.The dissertation presents results contributing to the research on ambidexterity, with focus on a possible coexistence between different innovation cultures. The results indicate that spatial differentiation creates possibilities for coexistence between the two innovation cultures. Six spatial characteristics were found in the descriptions of the workspaces related to the marginalised explorative culture in the manufacturing companies.The dissertation discusses the possibilities of creating spaces for explorative innovation (SEIs) and space as a tool for innovation. An initial version of a support for design is presented.
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| 4. |
- Aranda Muñoz, Álvaro
(författare)
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Collaborative Thinking with and through Technology : Materials, methods and perspectives
- 2024
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The rapid development and integration of IoT, AI, and digital twin technologies into work environments create new demands and challenges for organisations, including the need to upskill and prepare their workforces for new technological applications and capabilities. The collaborative design tradition draws upon participatory notions of joint inquiry to help people in the ideation and conception of alternative futures; however, given the novelty and the rapidity of the technological transformations, there is an opportunity to engage people unfamiliar with technology and design in the ideation and conceptualisation of work-oriented improvements using these technologies.This dissertation investigates what dimensions are necessary to support participatory processes for identifying and creating work-oriented improvements with technology and how design practitioners can apply these dimensions to stage these joint inquiry situations. To achieve these aims, explorations of and reflections on design are guided by a research-through-design approach that builds on three collaborative design cases that address real-world situations in a variety of contexts and participants: the joint inquiry processes of factory workers in the ideation, conceptualisation and prototyping of IoT work-oriented improvements; the joint inquiry process of ideation and conceptualisation of a digital twin in a manufacturing environment; and the joint inquiry processes of workers (predominantly from the healthcare sector) in ideating, conceptualising, and prototyping roles, skills, and products relying on IoT and AI technologies for their work futures. The research and design practice is guided by Deweyan pragmatism, underscoring the role and nature of materials (design methods, tools, and practices) in participatory design processes. Drawing from the three collaborative design cases and these theoretical notions, this thesis addresses two research questions: “What dimensions are needed to support participants in creating work-oriented improvements using technology?” and “How can these dimensions inform designers in staging joint inquiry situations of work-oriented improvements using technology?” The research methods consist of audio-recorded interviews, field notes, and collective reflective sessions to analyse the empirical material and video recordings. The main contributions are the identification of dimensions that underscore technology and work-oriented themes in joint inquiry and the framework of “thinking with and through technology”, which integrates these dimensions into a guided reflective and analytical design process. These contributions can help design and innovation practitioners and researchers prepare and stage materials, methods, and perspectives of joint inquiry situations concerning technology. The framework presents a “thinking with” perspective that underscores the material properties of technology and what the technology can offer to participants, and a “thinking through” perspective to contest the role of technology in organisations and open the design space to consider more sustainable and responsible futures. These results contribute to the collaborative design domain by developing knowledge and new nuances when staging joint inquiry situations of work-oriented improvements with technology. New understandings of these dimensions can contribute to an organisational landscape where workers can exercise their creativity, upskill their capacities, and voice their ideas and concerns concerning the technologies being integrated into their work environments.
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| 5. |
- Asztalos Morell, Ildikó, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Inledning
- 2013
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Ingår i: Bilden av ingenjören. - Stockholm : Carlsson Bokförlag. - 978 91 7331 580 7 ; , s. 7-13
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Axelsson, Karin, 1969-
(författare)
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Entrepreneurship in a School Setting : Introducing a Business Concept in a Public Context
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Entrepreneurship has during the last decades gained an immense interest in academia, politics and practice. It is argued from politics that more entrepreneurs are necessary for the economic development. In addition, nowadays entrepreneurship is also perceived as a solution to social and societal challenges. This drives a need for entrepreneurial people everywhere in society who can cope with the inconstant and uncertain world of today. As a consequence, there are around the world numerous educational initiatives trying to inspire and fuel an entrepreneurial mind-set. Here, educations of all kind become relevant contexts since they provide an opportunity to affect children, youth’s and adult’s interest and attitudes towards entrepreneurship, and as such give a possibility to reach a vast number of people.Sweden is no exception, and in 2009 the Swedish Government launched a ‘Strategy for entrepreneurship in the field of education’ in which entrepreneurship is said to run like a common thread throughout education. The main focus is that self-employment is to become as natural as being an employee. As such the Government took an active stand for implementing entrepreneurship in the school setting on a broad front, from preschool to adult education.This development can be seen as part of New Public Management; a development where concepts from the private sector are lent and transferred to the public sector. Thus, when introducing entrepreneurship in the Swedish educational system, this at the same time means introducing a traditional business concept in a public setting. Therefore, the overall aim of this thesis is to increase knowledge of and insights on how a business concept – entrepreneurship – is operationalised and constructed in a public setting.When placing entrepreneurship in new societal contexts other questions arise and complexity intensifies. In this qualitative research, the empirical context in focus are schools. It investigates how entrepreneurship is constructed among teachers in their work. But also how this business concept is included in a non-business setting by studying how the entrepreneurship strategy is operationalised in educational practice.As such the thesis and its findings contribute to the scientific discussions on societal entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship education, as well as on strategy and strategising in a public context. The research also aspire to serve inspiration, insights and food for thoughts on discussions and reflections on entrepreneurship within the school practice. This compilation thesis include five papers. To be able to fulfil the aim this research use a broad theoretical base and multiple qualitative research methods. The combination of methods include semi-structured interviews, in-depth interview using the stimulated recall method, focus group interviews, participative meetings, observations, document studies, digital questionnaires, written inquiries, analysing texts and critical incidents questionnaires.
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| 7. |
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Bilden av ingenjören
- 2013
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Barn och ungdommar använder allt mer teknik i allt lägre åldrar. Ändå minskar paradoxalt nog deras intresse för ingenjörsyrken och teknikutbildningar. Författarna fokuserar på olika aspekter av yrket. Här diskuteras bland annat modeindustrin och förnyelsebara energikällor, ingenjörsrollen betydlese för kvinnor i såväl före detta kommuniststater som i en mansdominerad modern industri. Man tar också upp ingenjörens framtid, barns syn på teknik och hur ingenjörsyrket framställs i barnböcker.
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| 8. |
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Different perspectives in design thinking
- 2022
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Globalization and digitalization are buzz words in contemporary society. They affect both our private and our professional lives. Society has become more diverse with easier access to information and to virtual platforms that gives us opportunity to be in touch with colleagues, friends, family, etc. at any time. A complex environment is emerging wherein internet of things and big data are being integrated with products, production systems, healthcare, and daily activity and play an important part in decision making. This has an impact on future designs and the role of designers. Responsible designers with a holistic perspective are needed. The book highlights several aspects of design thinking such as Information Design and Critical Design. The meaning of culture, gender and disabilities are also discussed. The functions of Information Design are changing from 'showing the way', instruction manuals and graphic design. It will affect among others, healthcare technology, smart products and Industry 4.0. Design thinking perspective that includes users from the entire chain and from the producer to the end user of the product or service, is needed. This will also require gender and culture issues to be taken into consideration in designing products and services. Design thinking methods and critical aspects of design will contribute to an inclusive society.
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| 9. |
- Eriksson, Joakim, 1977-
(författare)
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Coping with decisions on deviations in complex product development projects
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A strong need for resource efficiency within manufacturing companies have been driven extensively through pro-active planning and methods which have naturally resulted in an increased amount of strong couplings between product development projects, their activities, and resources. These strong couplings mean a high level of complexity where deviations are likely to occur on a regular basis which can spread quickly and have far reaching consequences. Praxis related to treatment of such deviations in product development projects has not been widely discussed. The subsequent question is therefore How are decisions on managing deviations made in practice?A Practice approach has been adopted in this research and led on to the use of context sensitive research methods in order to collect relevant data. The main amount of data has been gathered through one year of participant observations and document retrieval in a product development project. Also, a large amount of interviews have been used as a method for collecting data.38 deviations have been analysed through the identification of praxis which has been primarily analysed by three theories. The first theory, decision roles, has been used to clarify the different types of uncertainties people within complex product development projects need to manage in practice. The second theory, loosely coupled systems, shows how temporary organizing by loose couplings enables parallel management of both planned and unplanned activities when deviations occur. The third theory, Sensemaking, have been used to characterise processes related to different types of uncertainties.Conclusions are drawn regarding how people acts related to deviations are directly dependent on the types of uncertainties of the context as well as the situation itself. Uncertainties regarding choices, responsibilities, mobilization, and legitimization combined with the temporary organization leads to certain praxis patterns. The patterns can be used by project managers and other decision makers as a way of discussing temporary organization and how process emerge within the organization today, and how they would like resulting processes to be managed when deviations occur.
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| 10. |
- Eriksson, Per Erik
(författare)
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Videography as Design Nexus : Critical Inquires into the Affordances and Efficacies of Live-action Video Instructions
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis is about live-action instructional videos (LAVs). By addressing design problems with respect to the how-to video genre, the thesis asks fundamental questions about mediated instructional communication efficacies and the factors that either obstruct or augment them. The analysis presented in this thesis is based on the notion that videography is a design nexus and key focal point of the connections that make live-action video instructional efforts possible. This Design Nexus is explored by defining and illuminating key ontological dimensions, medium specificities and the video users’ cognitive capacities. This is to acknowledge that the users of instructions in this thesis are center stage, both as biological and cultural beings.The methods used in this thesis and its associated papers are eye-tracking, video observations, questionnaires, self-reports, focus group interviews and YouTube analytics. Hence, both numerical data and non-numerical data are analyzed in this study.The results of the analyses indicate that pre-production planning is key in live-action video instructional endeavors, but not at the expense of the videographer’s status as designer. Moreover, the analyses show that users’ cognitive processing and visual decoding depend on the power of the live-action format to show actual human behavior and action. Other presented evidence seems to infer that LAV-instructions are a little less demanding if users apply a focused decoding style when interacting with them. Nevertheless, physiological engagement of this kind is likely not to fully compensate for users’ psychological engagement.This thesis contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of humans’ abilities to interpret the actions of others via medial means. By relating this to video medium-specific affordances, this thesis also furthers important efficacy distinctions and boundary conditions. This understanding is considered important for live-action video makers and designers of visual instructions as well as scholars who need to develop better methods to assess users’ behavioral engagement when they interact with digital instructional media.
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