| 1. |
- Silvestrov, D:S.
(författare)
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Limit Theorems for Randomly Stopped Stochastic Processes
- 2004
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The book is devoted to studies of weak limit theorems for randomly stopped stochastic processes and functional limit theorems for compositions of stochastic processes. A survey of basic results related to weak convergence of random variables and stochastic processes, including basic facts concerning the convergence of càdlàg processes in topologies J and U is given. General conditions of weak convergence for randomly stopped stochastic processes and compositions of càdlàg processes are presented. Functional limit theorems about convergence of compositions of càdlàg processes in topologies U and J are given. Applications to random sums, extremes with random sample size, generalised exceeding processes, sum-processes with renewal stopping, accumulation processes, max-processes with renewal stopping, and shock processes are presented. The book also contains an extended bibliography of works in the area.
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| 2. |
- Bohlin, Markus
(författare)
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Constraint satisfaction by local search
- 2002. - 1
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The constraint satisfaction problem and its derivate, the propositional satisfiability problem (SAT), are fundamental problems in computing theory and mathematical logic. SAT was the first proved NP-complete problem, and although complete algorithms have been dominating the constraint satisfaction field, incomplete approaches based on local search has been successful the last ten years. In this report we give a general framework for constraint satisfaction using local search as well as an different techniques to improve this basic local search framework. We also give an overview of algorithms for problems of constraint satisfaction and optimization using heuristics, and discuss hybrid methods that combine complete methods for constraint satisfaction with local search techniques.
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| 3. |
- Bohlin, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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Designing Global Scheduling Constraints for Local Search: A Generic Approach
- 2002. - 1
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this work we present a novel method to automate the computation of global constraints cost for local search. The method is based on the representation of a global constraints as graph properties on a binary constraint network. This formulation simplifies the implementation of global constraints in local search, and provides a cost that can be readily compared to one obtained for subproblems using binary constraints exclusively. The cost obtained can be efficiently updated during the search using incremental methods. The representation of a global constraint as outlined above can also be used for generation of suitable neighborhoods for the constraint. This is done using simple repair functions applied on the elementary constraints in the global constraint graph. We show the usability of our approach by presenting formulations of global constraints in non-overlapping and cumulative scheduling.
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| 4. |
- Bohlin, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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Redesign of the Oz Compiler
- 2002. - 1
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This master of science thesis describes a new design and its implementation for an Oz compiler. The project is based on the existing Oz compiler. The new compiler is designed more modular, with separate software components that can be replaced and modified locally. A prototype has been implemented, but further development is necessary. We give an overview of the language Oz, its features and the underlying calculus. The features of Oz regarding object orientation, functional programming, logic and constraint programming are also discussed. The liveness analysis and register allocation problems in general and regarding Oz specific compilers are analyzed, together with current and future optimizations suitable for the Mozart platform. The design of the new compiler and information about the old one is presented, and future work regarding the compiler, optimizations, and analysis phases is discussed. Appendices describing the interfaces between the phases of the compiler is included, together with documentation regarding the internal code formats used.
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| 5. |
- Bonner, Richard, et al.
(författare)
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A survey of quantum learning
- 2003
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Ingår i: Quantum Computation and Learning. - 9188834298 ; , s. 106-119
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We survey papers on problems of learning by quantum computers.The quest of quantum learning, as that of quantum computation,is to produce tractable quantum algorithms in situations, where tractableclassical algorithms do not exist, or are not known to exist. We see essentiallythree papers [18, 92, 93], which in this sense separate quantumand classical learning. We also briefly sample papers on quantum search,quantum neural processing, and quantum games, where quantum learningproblems are likely to appear.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Ekman, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Enterprise Resource Planning Systems : Expanding the Perspective
- 2004
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Modern Enterprise Resource Planning systems (ERPs) allow firms to integrate their information and control their departments. The ERPs are originally developed to handle a single firms production process, which means that their effects can be interpreted as affecting a firm intraorganizational. With the later growth of interorganizational usage of ERPs, something that is described as ERP2, firms can expand the ERP to include interorganizational usage (i.e. with different business partners). When doing so, the ERP design can’t only support internal routines, but it also have to adapt to the activities that are carried out with business partners. This article discusses the need to widening the perspective when examining ERPs in a business context; to not only involve intraorganizational or interorganizational issues, but to use both perspectives simultaneously. It also shows how the internal (intraorganizational) usage of the ERP can be interpreted as more rigid and governing than the use in the business interaction with others (interorganizational), which is more ad hoc. A case study indicates that the ERP use in the business interaction is less frequent or even dismissed and that other information systems (IS), suitable for the activities that are carried out with the business partners, are preferred. This highlights the need of considering the users needs, their activities, and their business interaction when designing ERPs that are support the business interaction with other firms.
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| 9. |
- Enghag, Margareta
(författare)
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Miniprojects and Context Rich Problems : Case studies with qualitative analysis of motivation, learner ownership and competence in small group work in physics
- 2004
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis reports case studies of students working with context rich problems (CRP) and mini projects (MP) in physics in an upper secondary school class and in a physics teacher education class at university. The students report a big shift from physics in secondary school as fun and easy, to physics in upper secondary school as boring, difficult and with lack of time for reflections and physics talking, but they also found physics as interesting in itself. In order to study how group discussions in physics influence the students learning and to study the phenomena of students’ ownership of learning (SOL) we introduced CRP and MP. We video recorded five groups with 14 teacher students at university in the end of 2002, and five group with 15 students at upper secondary school during the beginning of their second physics course in the spring term in 2003. MP and CRP in physics were used as instructional settings in order to give students possibility to strengthen their holistic understanding and their possibilities to ownership. When students get the opportunity to manage their own learning and studying by open-ended tasks in physics, without the teacher determining all details of the performance, this gives more ownership of learning. The advantage of MPs and CRPs from the student’s point of view is more freedom to act, think and discuss and from the teacher’s view, to get insights of the students’ ability and how they really think in physics. The ownership is found to be crucial for motivation and development of competence.Students’ ownership of learning (SOL) is the students’ influence/impact to affect tasks and the learning environment in such a way that the students have a real opportunity to achieve learning of physics.Students’ ownership of learning (SOL) is found at two levels:Group level: At the start of a task the SOL is determined by the design of the task. The choice of task, the performance (when, how, where), the level of result and presentatio n and report have to be determined by the students themselves.Individual level: A person’s experiences and anomalies of understanding have created unique questions that can create certain aspects of the task that drive this person to be very active and highly motivated. This gives the person a high individual ownership. We developed hypotheses concerning the relation between ownership, motivation and competence and we see some evidence in the cases reported in this thesis. The importance of exploratory talks to enhance learning, and to see aspects of communication as part of the motivation are discussed in the model of ownership, motivation and competence that is proposed.
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| 10. |
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