| 1. |
- Dodig-Crnkovic, Gordana
(författare)
-
Information and Computation Nets
- 2009
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Information and Computation Nets The book presents investigations into the world of info-computational nature, in which information constitutes the structure, while computational process amounts to its change. Information and computation are inextricably bound: There is no computation without informational structure, and there is no information without computational process. Those two complementary ideas are used to build a conceptual net, which according to Novalis, is a theoretical way of capturing reality. We try to apprehend the reality within a framework known as natural computationalism, the view that the whole universe can be understood as a computational system at many different levels – from quantum mechanical world, to biological organisms including intelligent minds and their societies. Questions about nature of information and computation and their unified view are addressed along with application of info-computational approach to knowledge.
|
|
| 2. |
- Dodig-Crnkovic, Gordana, 1955-
(författare)
-
Investigations into Information Semantics and Ethics of Computing
- 2006
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The recent development of the research field of Computing and Philosophy has triggered investigations into the theoretical foundations of computing and information.This thesis consists of two parts which are the result of studies in two areas of Philosophy of Computing (PC) and Philosophy of Information (PI) regarding the production of meaning (semantics) and the value system with applications (ethics).The first part develops a unified dual-aspect theory of information and computation, in which information is characterized as structure, and computation is the information dynamics. This enables naturalization of epistemology, based on interactive information representation and communication. In the study of systems modeling, meaning, truth and agency are discussed within the framework of the PI/PC unification.The second part of the thesis addresses the necessity of ethical judgment in rational agency illustrated by the problem of information privacy and surveillance in the networked society. The value grounds and socio-technological solutions for securing trustworthiness of computing are analyzed. Privacy issues clearly show the need for computing professionals to contribute to understanding of the technological mechanisms of Information and Communication Technology.The main original contribution of this thesis is the unified dual-aspect theory of computation/information. Semantics of information is seen as a part of the data-information-knowledge structuring, in which complex structures are self-organized by the computational processing of information. Within the unified model, complexity is a result of computational processes on informational structures. The thesis argues for the necessity of computing beyond the Turing-Church limit, motivated by natural computation, and wider by pancomputationalism and paninformationalism, seen as two complementary views of the same physical reality. Moreover, it follows that pancomputationalism does not depend on the assumption that the physical world on some basic level is digital. Contrary to many believes it is entirely compatible with dual (analogue/digital) quantum-mechanical computing.
|
|
| 3. |
- Dodig-Crnkovic, Gordana, 1955
(författare)
-
Where Do New Ideas Come From? How Do They Emerge? Epistemology as Computation (Information Processing)
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Randomness & Complexity, from Leibniz to Chaitin, C. Calude ed.. - Singapore : World Scientific. - 9789812770820 - 9789812770837 - 9812770828 ; , s. 1-20
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This essay presents arguments for the claim that in the best of all possible worlds (Leibniz) there are sources of unpredictability and creativity for us humans, even given a pancomputational stance. A suggested answer to Chaitin’s questions: “Where do new mathematical and biological ideas come from? How do they emerge?” is that they come from the world and emerge from basic physical (computational) laws. For humans as a tiny subset of the universe, a part of the new ideas comes as the result of the reconfiguration and reshaping of already existing elements and another part comes from the outside as a consequence of openness and interactivity of the system. For the universe at large it is randomness that is the source of unpredictability on the fundamental level. In order to be able to completely predict the Universe-computer we would need the Universe-computer itself to compute its next state; as Chaitin already demonstrated there are incompressible truths which means truths that cannot be computed by any other computer but the universe itself.
|
|
| 4. |
- Porathe, Thomas, 1954-
(författare)
-
3-D Nautical Charts and Safe Navigation
- 2006
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In spite of all electronic navigation devices on a modern ship bridge, navigators still lose their orientation. Reasons for this might be excessive cognitive workload caused by too many instruments to read and compile, navigation information that is displayed in a cognitively demanding way, short decision times due to high speed or fatigue due to minimum manning and long work hours.This work addresses the problem of map information displayed in a less than optimal way. Three new concepts are presented: the bridge perspective, the NoGO area polygons and a dual lane seaway network. Map reading can be difficult due to the problem of mental rotations. By allowing a 3-D nautical chart to be viewed from an egocentric bridge perspective, the need for mental rotations can be removed. The cognitively demanding calculations necessary to find out if there is enough water under the keel can be made by the chart system and the result displayed as of free water and NoGo areas. On land car driving is facilitated by a road-network and a sign system. This notion can be further developed on sea and make navigation easier and safer.These concepts were then tested in a laboratory experiment, in interviews and in a prototyping project. The results were very promising. The experiment in a laboratory maze showed that map reading from an egocentric perspective was more efficient than using traditional paper and electronic maps. Interviews and expert evaluation of prototypes also showed great interest from practitioners in the field.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Porathe, Thomas
(författare)
-
Real seamen never turn the chart upside down : Safer navigation with egocentric view 3-D nautical charts?
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Mercator: Maritime Innovation, Research and Education. - 1902-164X. ; :September, s. 55-61
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This article presents recent information designresearch from Mälardalen University in Swedenwhere a project aims at developing a new 3-Dnautical chart that can be viewed both from atraditional bird’s eye perspective, and from a newegocentric bridge view perspective. In the articlean experiment is presented which shows the newegocentric view to be more efficient (faster decisionmaking and fewer errors) than the traditionaldisplay modes.
|
|
