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- Betzholtz, Per-Eric, et al.
(författare)
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With that diet, you will go far: trait-based analysis reveals a link between rapid range expansion and a nitrogen-favoured diet
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. - Royal Society Publishing. - 1471-2954 .- 0962-8452. ; 280:1750, s. 20122305
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent global change has had a substantial influence on the distribution of organisms, and many species are currently expanding their ranges. To evaluate the underlying processes, long-term data with good geographic resolution are essential. One important but generally overlooked data source is offered by the taxon-specific national catalogues of first provincial records that are kept in many countries. Here, we use such data to quantify trait-based influences on range expansion in Swedish butterflies and moths between 1973 and 2010. Of 282 species meeting pre-defined quality criteria, 170 expanded their northern range margin, with a mean expansion rate of 2.7 km per year. The analyses demonstrate that habitat and diet generalists, forest species and species active during warm conditions have expanded their ranges more rapidly than other species. Notably, range expansion in diet specialists was positively related to a nitrogen-favoured larval diet, an effect not found among oligo- or polyphagous species. In contrast to the general view, this shows that specialist species can undergo rapid range expansion. We suggest that increased areas of nitrogen-rich habitat, and increased availability of a nitrogen-favoured diet, are among the most important drivers of range expansions, potentially having far-reaching consequences for a wide variety of organisms.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Kristofferzon, Marja-Leena, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a Swedish version of the Watts Sexual Function Questionnaire (WSFQ) in persons with heart disease : A pilot study
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - 1474-5151. ; 9:3, s. 168-174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: As part of preparation for a Swedish multicentre study, exploring sexual and married life in patients with myocardial infarction and their partners, a Swedish validated instrument was required.Aims: The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of a Swedish version of the Watts Sexual Function Questionnaire (WSFQ) among persons with a heart disease.Methods: A convenience sample of 79 persons (47 men and 32 women) living with a heart disease was recruited from the members of the National Association of Heart and Lung Patients. They completed a Swedish version of the WSFQ on two occasions.Results: Two separate factor analyses each revealed a two-factor structure on both occasions: “Sexual appetite” and “Sexual expectations” with gender-neutral questions and “Sexual sensitiveness” and “Sexual ability” with gender-specific questions. Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranged from 0.48 to 0.86 and test–retest values for all but one question exceeded 0.70.Conclusions: The Swedish version of the WSFQ showed good validity and stability and acceptable internal homogeneity. Extended evaluations of the questionnaire are recommended.
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| 4. |
- Olofsson, Åke, et al.
(författare)
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Speed and accuracy in the first year of reading development : -
- 2010
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Ingår i: Seventeenth Annual MeetingSociety for the Scientific Study of Reading, July 7-10, 2010Berlin.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract:Purpose. To provide a detailed description of the development of word recognition during the first year of schooling, with respect to processing speed and decoding accuracy.Method. One year longitudinal study of the first year of reading development in 35 seven year old Swedish children. The study used a computer based measurement procedure with four waves of repeated measurement of reading aloud of single words. The accuracy of word decoding was recorded and analyzed with respect to errors and decoding strategies. Reaction and process times were recorded for reading as well as for rapid naming and letter knowledge. The word material consisted of; (a) very familiar (content and functor) mono syllable simple words; (b) complex words which occur with high frequency in the early stages of children’s reading schemes; (c) simple one-syllable pseudowords and (d) two-syllable pseudowords. Also a short spelling task was used. Assessment of letter knowledge and phonological awareness was done prior to school entry.Results. The results show a rapid reading development for practically all children and clear evidence for code oriented and phonologically based decoding strategies. At the first three timepoints monosyllable pseudo words were read more correct than simple words. The development of decoding speed was preceded by an increase in accuracy.Conclusions. When learning to read, in the Swedish orthography, the beginning readers rely on phonological skills and letter knowledge rather than using any holistic strategy. The results give no support to the claim of an initial logographic strategy in reading acquisition
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| 5. |
- Rask, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Validity and reliability of a Swedish version of the Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS) : a pilot study
- 2010
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Ingår i: Canadian journal of cardiovascular nursing. - Ottawa : Canadian Council of Cardiovascular Nurses. - 0843-6096. ; 20:1, s. 16-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: There is a need for a short and easily administered scale, in the Swedish language, for assessing partner relationships in the health care of persons with cardiac disease. PURPOSE: To establish the reliability and validity of the Swedish version of the Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS). DESIGN: The present pilot study has a methodological design. FINDINGS: Content validity has been tested for relevance, clarity and readability. The scale was tested for construct validity with explorative factor analysis. The reliability was tested by internal consistency and test-retest analysis. The result showed a two-factor solution, which does not correspond to the original proposed one-factor solution. The factor analyses revealed two quite distinct factors of RAS, labelled "Relationship built on expectations and satisfaction of needs" and "Relationship built on love and devotion". CONCLUSIONS: The scale has satisfactory psychometric properties in terms of content validity, construct validity, homogeneity and stability in a population of persons with cardiac disease. Wider evaluations of the RAS for other populations and settings are recommended.
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