| 1. |
- Abb, Marcel J.S., et al.
(författare)
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Thermal Stability of Single-Crystalline IrO2(110) Layers : Spectroscopic and Adsorption Studies
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 124:28, s. 15324-15336
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The interaction of ultrathin single-crystalline IrO2(110) films with the gas phase proceeds via the coordinatively unsaturated sites (cus), in particular Ircus, the undercoordinated oxygen species on-top O (Oot) that are coordinated to Ircus, and bridging O (Obr). With the combination of different experimental techniques, such as thermal desorption spectroscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), high-resolution core-level spectroscopy (HRCLS), infrared spectroscopy, and first-principles studies employing density functional theory calculations, we are able to elucidate surface properties of single-crystalline IrO2(110). We provide spectroscopic fingerprints of the active surface sites of IrO2(110). The freshly prepared IrO2(110) surface is virtually inactive toward gas-phase molecules. The IrO2(110) surface needs to be activated by annealing to 500-600 K under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions. In the activation step, Ircus sites are liberated from on-top oxygen (Oot) and monoatomic Ir metal islands are formed on the surface, leading to the formation of a bifunctional model catalyst. Vacant Ircus sites of IrO2(110) allow for strong interaction and accommodation of molecules from the gas phase. For instance, CO can adsorb atop on Ircus and water forms a strongly bound water layer on the activated IrO2(110) surface. Single-crystalline IrO2(110) is thermally not very stable although chemically stable. Chemical reduction of IrO2(110) by extensive CO exposure at 473 K is not observed, which is in contrast to the prototypical RuO2(110) system.
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| 2. |
- Abele, H., et al.
(författare)
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Particle physics at the European Spallation Source
- 2023
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Ingår i: Physics reports. - : Elsevier. - 0370-1573 .- 1873-6270. ; 1023, s. 1-84
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Presently under construction in Lund, Sweden, the European Spallation Source (ESS) will be the world’s brightest neutron source. As such, it has the potential for a particle physics program with a unique reach and which is complementary to that available at other facilities. This paper describes proposed particle physics activities for the ESS. These encompass the exploitation of both the neutrons and neutrinos produced at the ESS for high precision (sensitivity) measurements (searches).
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Abu Hatab, Assem, et al.
(författare)
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COVID-19 risk perception and public compliance with preventive measures : Evidence from a multi-wave household survey in the MENA region
- 2023
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 18:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates the association between individuals’ concern about contracting COVID-19 and their compliance with recommended preventive and mitigation measures, namely wearing face masks, maintaining social distancing and handwashing, in the context of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. The empirical analysis is based on a panel dataset from the Combined COVID-19 MENA Monitor Household Survey, which was carried out in Jordan, Morocco, Sudan, Tunisia and Egypt. Applying a probit estimation technique, a positive and statistically significant association was found between the level of COVID-19 worries and individuals’ compliance with the mitigation measures. Notably, the results revealed that this association followed a “first-up-then-down” trend, showing that compliance with the three mitigation measures rose as individuals’ worries about contracting the virus increased, and then markedly decreased after they had been infected. Socio-demographic characteristics contributing to lower levels of compliance included being male, being over 60, having lower levels of education and having a lower household income. A cross-country analysis revealed remarkable differences between the five countries, with the strongest association between COVID-19 concerns and adherence to mitigation measures observed in Tunisia and Sudan, and the weakest association seen in Jordan and Morocco. Policy implications are outlined for effective risk communication and management during disease outbreaks and public health emergencies to encourage appropriate public health behaviours.
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| 5. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Computer Aided Planning of Production and Working Environment
- 1994
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Ingår i: Human Factors in Organizational Design and Management -IV. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. ; , s. 499-504, s. 499-504
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Success of design projects depends on their quality from a technical and economic point of view and on the quality of their implementation and use. This paper discusses a computer aided planning (CAP) technique and its applicability and quality in both these respects. One version of the CAP-technique is developed for planning of industrial working environments and another version for planning of residential and working environments for physically handicapped.
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| 6. |
- Al-Husseini, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term postural control in elite athletes following mild traumatic brain injury
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Neurology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-2295. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Traumas to the head and neck are common in sports and often affects otherwise healthy young individuals. Sports-related concussions (SRC), defined as a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), may inflict persistent neck and shoulder pain, and headache, but also more complex symptoms, such as imbalance, dizziness, and visual disturbances. These more complex symptoms are difficult to identify with standard health care diagnostic procedures.Objective: To investigate postural control in a group of former elite athletes with persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS) at least 6 months after the incident.Method: Postural control was examined using posturography during quiet stance and randomized balance perturbations with eyes open and eyes closed. Randomized balance perturbations were used to examine motor learning through sensorimotor adaptation. Force platform recordings were converted to reflect the energy used to maintain balance and spectrally categorized into total energy used, energy used for smooth corrective changes of posture (i.e., <0.1 Hz), and energy used for fast corrective movements to maintain balance (i.e., >0.1 Hz).Results: The mTBI group included 20 (13 males, mean age 26.6 years) elite athletes with PPCS and the control group included 12 athletes (9 males, mean age 26.4 years) with no history of SRC. The mTBI group used significantly more energy during balance perturbations than controls: +143% total energy, p = 0.004; +122% low frequency energy, p = 0.007; and +162% high frequency energy, p = 0.004. The mTBI subjects also adapted less to the balance perturbations than controls in total (18% mTBI vs. 37% controls, p = 0.042), low frequency (24% mTBI vs. 42% controls, p = 0.046), and high frequency (6% mTBI vs. 28% controls, p = 0.040). The mTBI subjects used significantly more energy during quiet stance than controls: +128% total energy, p = 0.034; +136% low-frequency energy, p = 0.048; and +109% high-frequency energy, p = 0.015.Conclusion: Athletes with previous mTBI and PPCS used more energy to stand compared to controls during balance perturbations and quiet stance and had diminished sensorimotor adaptation. Sports-related concussions are able to affect postural control and motor learning.
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| 7. |
- Al-Husseini, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Shorter Recovery Time in Concussed Elite Ice Hockey Players by Early Head-and-Neck Cooling: A Clinical Trial
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Neurotrauma. - : Mary Ann Liebert. - 0897-7151 .- 1557-9042. ; 40:11-12, s. 1075-1085
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A sports-related concussion (SRC) is most commonly sustained in contact sports, and is defined as a mild traumatic brain injury. An exercise-induced elevation of core body temperature is associated with increased brain temperature that may accelerate secondary injury processes following SRC, and exacerbate the brain injury. In a recent pilot study, acute head-neck cooling of 29 concussed ice hockey players resulted in shorter time to return-to-play. Here, we extended the clinical trial to include players of 19 male elite Swedish ice hockey teams over five seasons (2016-2021). In the intervention teams, acute head-neck cooling was implemented using a head cap for ≥45 min in addition to the standard SRC management used in controls. The primary endpoint was time from SRC until return-to-play (RTP). Sixty-one SRCs were included in the intervention group and 71 SRCs in the control group. The number of previous SRCs was 2 (median and interquartile range [IQR]: 1.0-2.0) and 1 (IQR 1.0-2.0) in the intervention and control groups, respectively; p = 0.293. Median time to initiate head-neck cooling was 10 min (IQR 7-15; range 5-30 min) and median duration of cooling was 45 min (IQR 45-50; range 45-70 min). The median time to RTP was 9 days in the intervention group (IQR 7.0-13.5 days) and 13 days in the control group (IQR 9-30; p < 0.001). The proportion of players out from play for more than the expected recovery time of 14 days was 24.7% in the intervention group, and 43.7% in controls (p < 0.05). Study limitations include that: 1) allocation to cooling or control management was at the discretion of the medical staff of each team, decided prior to each season, and not by strict randomization; 2) no sham cap was used and evaluations could not be performed by blinded assessors; and 3) it could not be established with certainty that injury severity was similar between groups. While the results should thus be interpreted with caution, early head-neck cooling, with the aim of attenuating cerebral hyperthermia, may reduce post-SRC symptoms and lead to earlier return-to-play in elite ice hockey players.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Albeverino, S., et al.
(författare)
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Pseudo-Differential Operators with Point Interactions
- 1997
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Ingår i: Letters in Mathematical Physics. - 0377-9017 .- 1573-0530. ; 41, s. 79-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Point interactions for pseudo-differential operators are studied. Necessary and sufficient conditions for a pseudo-differential operator to have nontrivial point perturbations are given. The results are applied to the construction of relativistic spin zero Hamiltonians with point interactions.
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| 10. |
- Albeverio, S., et al.
(författare)
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Finite rank perturbations and distribution theory
- 1999
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society. - 0002-9939 .- 1088-6826. ; 127:4, s. 1151-1161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Perturbations AT of a selfadjoint operator A by symmetric finite rank operators T from H2A) to H-2(A) are studied. The finite dimensional family of selfadjoint extensions determined by AT is given explicitly.
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