| 1. |
- Abdelmassih Waller, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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The Extended Television : Using tangible computing to meet the needs of older persons at a nursing home
- 2008
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Ingår i: Gerontechnology. - : International Society for Gerontechnology (ISG). - 1569-1101 .- 1569-111X. ; 7:1, s. 36-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a person-centred model and a tangible computing approach to better adapt television media to meet two important needs of older people: social inclusion in their immediate surroundings and better support for one’s own reflections. Method The research project was carried out as a part of the construction, planning and implementation of a new nursing home. The implemented infrastructure enabled television watching at three levels: the regular (broadcast programmes), the internal and the personal. The internal level consisted of an in-house broadcast television channel and two media centres placed in common areas. The personal level had individualised functions. The entire concept is referred to as ‘extended television’. This paper describes the early implementation phase of the internal television channel and the personal television photo album. It also examines the consequences of a person-centred model and a tangible computing approach. Participation in the use of the ‘extended television’ together with older people, relatives and care workers, semistructured dialogues with these people, and observations of the television usage were conducted. Furthermore, the care workers were invited to comment on the prototypes very early in the process. Results Both the internal channel and the personal television photo album were used by older residents and iteratively adapted. However, too many factors and routines varied to get statistically sound results. On the other hand, the research shows that the person-centred study design utilised provided positive results in a setting with constantly changing conditions. Discussion This design encourages further investigations regarding how new conceptual television design can enrich the everyday lives of older people. The results also indicate the plausibility of television photo albums providing new opportunities for reminiscence compared to traditional ones, and that the internal channel resulted in possibilities for social inclusion in the nursing home examined.
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| 2. |
- Aceijas, Carmen, et al.
(författare)
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Teaching Ethics in Schools of Public Health in the European Region : Findings from a Screening Survey
- 2012
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Ingår i: Public Health Reviews. - : Public Health Reviews. - 0301-0422 .- 2107-6952. ; 34:1, s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A survey targeting ASPHER members was launched in 2010/11, being a first initiative in improving ethics education in European Schools of Public Health. An 8-items questionnaire collected information on teaching of ethics in public health. A 52% response rate (43/82) revealed that almost all of the schools (95% out of 40 respondents with valid data) included the teaching of ethics in at least one of its programmes. They also expressed the need of support, (e.g.: a model curriculum (n=25), case studies (n=24)), which indicates further work to be met by the ASPHER Working Group on Ethics and Values in Public Health.
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| 3. |
- af Sandeberg, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric properties of the DISABKIDS Chronic Generic Module (DCGM-37) when used in children undergoing treatment for cancer
- 2010
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Ingår i: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1477-7525. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The aim was to evaluate data quality and psychometric properties of an instrument for measurement of health-related quality of life: DISABKIDS Chronic Generic Module (DCGM-37) used in school-aged children with cancer. Methods: All school-children diagnosed with cancer in Sweden during a two-and-a-half year period were invited to participate in the study. Analysis was performed on combined data from two assessments, two and-a-half and five months after start of cancer treatment (n = 170). The instrument was examined with respect to feasibility, data quality, reliability and construct and criterion-based validity. Results: Missing items per dimension ranged from 0 to 5.3 percent, with a majority below three percent. Cronbach's alpha values exceeded 0.70 for all dimensions. There was support for the suggested groupings of items into dimensions for all but six of the 36 items of the DCGM-37 included in this study. The instrument discriminated satisfactorily between diagnoses reflecting treatment burden. Conclusions: The results indicate satisfactory data quality and reliability of the DCGM-37 when used in children undergoing treatment for cancer. Evaluation of construct validity showed generally acceptable results, although not entirely supporting the suggested dimensionality. Continued psychometric evaluation in a larger sample of children during and after treatment for cancer is recommended.
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| 4. |
- Agüero-Torres, H, et al.
(författare)
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Dementia is the major cause of functional dependence in the elderly : 3-year follow-up data from a population-based study
- 1998
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Ingår i: American Journal of Public Health. - : American Public Health Association. - 0090-0036 .- 1541-0048. ; 88:10, s. 1452-1456
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this investigation was to study the role of dementia and other common age-related diseases as determinants of dependence in activities of daily living (ADL) in the elderly. METHODS: The study population consisted of 1745 persons, aged 75 years and older, living in a district of Stockholm. They were examined at baseline and after a 3-year follow-up interval. Katz's index was used to measure functional status. Functional dependence at baseline, functional decline, and development of functional dependence at follow-up were examined in relation to sociodemographic characteristics and chronic conditions. RESULTS: At baseline, factors associated with functional dependence were age, dementia, cerebrovascular disease, heart disease, and hip fracture. However, only age and dementia were associated with the development of functional dependence and decline after 3 years. In a similar analysis, including only nondemented subjects. Mini-Mental State Examination scores emerged as one of the strongest determinants. The population attributable risk percentage of dementia in the development of functional dependence was 49%. CONCLUSIONS: In a very old population, dementia and cognitive impairment make the strongest contribution to both the development of long-term functional dependence and decline in function.
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| 5. |
- Agüero-Torres, Hedda, et al.
(författare)
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Disability in activities of daily living among the elderly
- 2001
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Psychiatry. - 0951-7367 .- 1473-6578. ; 14:4, s. 355-359
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rise in number and proportion of older people, and the functional disability that is associated with increasing age, generate concern regarding the societal consequences of a large number of disabled elderly persons. Therefore, measuring disability in terms of activities of daily living has become routine in surveys of older people in most studies on ageing. Despite methodological obstacles, research into functional ability in the elderly has progressed during the past few decades. A high prevalence of functional disability in the elderly is consistently reported, although considerable variation has been found among studies. In contrast to functionally independent elderly, disabled elderly have been found to make increased use of home help services, and have higher institutionalization rates and premature mortality. Factors that are consistently reported as being associated with increased functional disability are older age, female sex, lower educational level, lack of exercise, chronic disease and impaired cognition. Among the chronic diseases, dementia is a progressive and disabling condition that accounts for a large proportion of the disability in elderly populations. A combination of various strategies must be employed in the approach to reduction of disability in the elderly population. More research is needed to gain a better understanding of risk and protective factors, so that we will be able to detect persons at early stages of disability, and to plan for services or rehabilitation for severely disabled persons.
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| 6. |
- Agüero-Torres, Hedda, et al.
(författare)
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Institutionalization in the elderly : The role of chronic diseases and dementia. Cross-sectional and longitudinal data from a population-based study
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. - : Elsevier. - 0895-4356 .- 1878-5921. ; 54:8, s. 795-801
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A population-based study of 1810 persons, aged 75+, was investigated to evaluate the role of dementia and other chronic diseases as determinants of institutionalization in the elderly. The study population was examined at baseline and after a 3-year interval. After adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, functional dependence, dementia, cerebrovascular disease and hip fracture were associated with living in an institution at baseline. Additionally, functional dependence, hip fracture and dementia were also associated with moving to an institution during the 3-year follow-up. In a similar analysis, including only nondemented subjects, the Mini-Mental State Examination emerged as one of the strongest determinants. The population attributable risk percentage of institutionalization during the 3-year follow-up due to dementia was 61%. This study confirms that dementia and cognitive impairment are the main contributors to institutionalization in the elderly, independently of their sociodemographic status, social network, or functional status.
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| 7. |
- Aguero-Torres, H, et al.
(författare)
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Rethinking the dementia diagnoses in a population-based study : What is Alzheimer's disease and what is vascular dementia? A study from the Kungsholmen Project
- 2006
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Ingår i: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders. - Basel : Karger. - 1420-8008 .- 1421-9824. ; 22:3, s. 244-249
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To explore the hypothesis that older adults often are affected by more than one disease, making the differential diagnosis between Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) difficult. Methods: Incident dementia cases (n = 308) from a population-based longitudinal study of people 75+ years were investigated. The DSM-III-R criteria were used for the clinical diagnosis of dementia. Data on vascular disorders (hypertension, cerebrovascular and ischemic heart diseases, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, diabetes) as well as type of onset/course of dementia were used retrospectively to reclassify dementias. Results: Only 47% of the AD cases were reclassified as pure AD without any vascular disorder. Among subjects with AD and with a vascular component, cerebrovascular disease was the most common (41%). Only 25% of VaD were reclassified as pure VaD. Further, 26% of the pure AD subjects developed a vascular disorder in the following 3 years. Conclusions: Both vascular and degenerative mechanisms may often contribute to the expression of dementia among the elderly. Most of the AD cases have vascular involvements, and pure dementia types in very old subjects constitute only a minority of dementia cases.
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| 8. |
- Ahlin, Catharina, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing nursing students’ knowledge and skills in performing venepuncture and inserting peripheral venous catheters
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nurse Education in Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 1471-5953 .- 1873-5223. ; 23, s. 8-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Venepuncture and the insertion of peripheral venous catheters are common tasks in health care, and training in these procedures is included in nursing programmes. Evidence of nursing students’ knowledge and skills in these procedures is limited. The main aim of this study was to assess nursing students’ knowledge and skills when performing venepuncture and inserting peripheral venous catheters. Potential associations between level of knowledge and skills, self-training, self-efficacy, and demographic characteristics were also investigated. The assessment was performed by lecturers at a university college in Sweden using the two previously tested instruments "Assess Venepuncture"€ and "Assess Peripheral Venous Catheter Insertion". Between 81% and 100% of steps were carried out correctly by the students. The step with the highest rating was "€œUses gloves", and lowest rating was "€˜Informs the patients about the possibility of obtaining local anaesthesia"€™. Significant correlations between degree of self-training and correct performance were found in the group of students who registered their self-training. No associations between demographic characteristics and correct performances were found. Assessing that students have achieved adequate levels of knowledge and skills in these procedures at different levels of the nursing education is of importance to prevent complications and support patient safety.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Ahlin, Catharina, et al.
(författare)
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Development of instruments for assessment of knowledge and skills in performing venepuncture and inserting peripheral venous catheters
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Vascular Access. - : SAGE Publications. - 1129-7298 .- 1724-6032. ; 14:4, s. 364-372
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Performing venepuncture is one of the most routinely performed invasive procedures in nursing care. The aim of this study was to develop instruments for the assessment of nursing students’ knowledge and skills when performing venepuncture and inserting a peripheral venous catheter.
Methods: Two instruments were developed using the following steps. 1) Assessment items of importance for the procedures (venepuncture 48 items and peripheral venous catheter 51 items) were collected from focus groups including nurses, lecturers and patients. 2) The number of items was reduced using a method based on the Delphi method. Experts (n=51) reviewed the instruments in two rounds. The revised versions included 31 items for venepuncture and 33 items for peripheral venous catheter insertion. 3) Usability tests were conducted by nurses who tested the instruments to confirm that items were possible to assess. 4) Inter-rater reliability was assessed by twelve lecturers who in pairs, but independently of each other, used the instruments to assess 50 nursing students.
Results: Proportion of agreement and Cohen’s kappa coefficient were calculated for each item to determine inter-rater reliability. Among the tested items for both instruments, the median proportion of agreement was 1 (range 0.66-1) and the median kappa was 0.52 (range 0.22-1).
Conclusions: The instruments developed for assessing nursing students’ knowledge and skills of venepuncture and peripheral venous catheter insertion showed satisfactory inter-rater reliability.
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